Non-Linear Optics Lecture 3: Achieving Phase Matching Learning
... 15 years. The simplest approach is to take very thin slices of material and re-orientate them every coherence length. This has done with GaAs where up to 50 layers of GaAs slices have been formed. Where we want to use a ‘standard’ non-linear crystal, a different approach is taken. Here we use crysta ...
... 15 years. The simplest approach is to take very thin slices of material and re-orientate them every coherence length. This has done with GaAs where up to 50 layers of GaAs slices have been formed. Where we want to use a ‘standard’ non-linear crystal, a different approach is taken. Here we use crysta ...
crystals - MDPI.com
... Figure 1. The structure of the H2TBC ligand determined by X-ray single crystal analysis, 1. (C: dark gray, N: blue, O: red and H: light gray). One of the most difficult steps in engineering MOFs is finding the correct synthetic parameters that will yield the desired structure. Parameters such as the ...
... Figure 1. The structure of the H2TBC ligand determined by X-ray single crystal analysis, 1. (C: dark gray, N: blue, O: red and H: light gray). One of the most difficult steps in engineering MOFs is finding the correct synthetic parameters that will yield the desired structure. Parameters such as the ...
Converting 3D rigid metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to 2D flexible
... oxygen and coordinate to the Zn ion, which promotes the disassembly of the parent metal cluster. Subsequently, the carboxylate ligands replace the oxygen of acetate acid, and BPP replaces BiPY completely to form a favourable topology via structural rearrangement. Importantly, the daughter material 2 ...
... oxygen and coordinate to the Zn ion, which promotes the disassembly of the parent metal cluster. Subsequently, the carboxylate ligands replace the oxygen of acetate acid, and BPP replaces BiPY completely to form a favourable topology via structural rearrangement. Importantly, the daughter material 2 ...
Liquid crystals
... Liquid phase Molecules lack both position or orientation They are free to move in a random fashion Liquid phase has less order than the solid phase The intermolecular forces are only strong enough to keep the liquid molecules fairly close together Liquids can be easily deformed Liquid crys ...
... Liquid phase Molecules lack both position or orientation They are free to move in a random fashion Liquid phase has less order than the solid phase The intermolecular forces are only strong enough to keep the liquid molecules fairly close together Liquids can be easily deformed Liquid crys ...
Chapter 5 Section 1 Characteristics of Minerals
... ____________________. X rays that pass through a crystal and strike a photographic plate produce an image that shows the geometric arrangement of the atoms that make up the crystal. Crystalline Structure of Silicate Minerals • Even though there are many kinds of silicate minerals, their crystalline ...
... ____________________. X rays that pass through a crystal and strike a photographic plate produce an image that shows the geometric arrangement of the atoms that make up the crystal. Crystalline Structure of Silicate Minerals • Even though there are many kinds of silicate minerals, their crystalline ...
Crystal structure of high-temperature
... region. These regions are characterized by different unit cell parameters. Such a difference is best manifested in a sample with 6.24 oxygen atoms. As is is well known, there is a correlation between oxygen content in a sample of Y-phase and the period c of this phase. Thus, we can assume that the r ...
... region. These regions are characterized by different unit cell parameters. Such a difference is best manifested in a sample with 6.24 oxygen atoms. As is is well known, there is a correlation between oxygen content in a sample of Y-phase and the period c of this phase. Thus, we can assume that the r ...
Evaluating Computational Predictions of the Relative
... without explicit treatment of correlation encounter. Such problems can be partially addressed by density functional theory (DFT), with the substantial advantage over mechanics methods that extensive parameterization for new functionality is not needed. The molecular mechanics calculations were compa ...
... without explicit treatment of correlation encounter. Such problems can be partially addressed by density functional theory (DFT), with the substantial advantage over mechanics methods that extensive parameterization for new functionality is not needed. The molecular mechanics calculations were compa ...
Introduction to Attenuated Total Internal Reflectance
... Because the evanescent wave decays very rapidly with distance from the surface, it is important to have the sample in intimate contact with the crystal. This is easily achieved with most liquids since they wet the surface of the ATR crystal. For solids, it is important to use a pressure device which ...
... Because the evanescent wave decays very rapidly with distance from the surface, it is important to have the sample in intimate contact with the crystal. This is easily achieved with most liquids since they wet the surface of the ATR crystal. For solids, it is important to use a pressure device which ...
Electrically modulated fluorescence in optically active polymer
... as a function of applied electric field (where fitting parameter χ and R2 have value less than 1, it provides best exponential decay fitting). ...
... as a function of applied electric field (where fitting parameter χ and R2 have value less than 1, it provides best exponential decay fitting). ...
Mineral Groups
... silica tetrahedra. As a result the Si:O ratio is 1:4. The blue dots represented by M1 and M2 are the locations of the 2+ cations. Olivines have the structural formula M2SiO4. Typically the M cations are Mg2+ and Fe2+. Pure Mg2SiO4 is known as Forsterite and Fe2SiO4 is known as Fayalite. Thus Olivine ...
... silica tetrahedra. As a result the Si:O ratio is 1:4. The blue dots represented by M1 and M2 are the locations of the 2+ cations. Olivines have the structural formula M2SiO4. Typically the M cations are Mg2+ and Fe2+. Pure Mg2SiO4 is known as Forsterite and Fe2SiO4 is known as Fayalite. Thus Olivine ...
Guerra F., Leone M., Robotti N. The discovery of X
... considered was the most general one, that is the triclinic type (the edges of the elementary parallelepiped may thus have any lengths and be inclined at any angles to one other). The comparison of the theory with the experimental data was done by Laue in the simplest case, namely that of zinc blende ...
... considered was the most general one, that is the triclinic type (the edges of the elementary parallelepiped may thus have any lengths and be inclined at any angles to one other). The comparison of the theory with the experimental data was done by Laue in the simplest case, namely that of zinc blende ...
High-energy x-ray production with pyroelectric crystals
... endpoint energy. In x-ray fluorescence, for example, high-energy sources enable the excitation of the K-shell x-ray peaks for high-Z materials as well as the lower-energy L-shell peaks, allowing more positive sample identification. This report shows how a paired-crystal pyroelectric source can be us ...
... endpoint energy. In x-ray fluorescence, for example, high-energy sources enable the excitation of the K-shell x-ray peaks for high-Z materials as well as the lower-energy L-shell peaks, allowing more positive sample identification. This report shows how a paired-crystal pyroelectric source can be us ...
Purification and - Jena Bioscience
... c International Union of Crystallography Copyright Author(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site or institutional repository provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases other than as specified above is not pe ...
... c International Union of Crystallography Copyright Author(s) of this paper may load this reprint on their own web site or institutional repository provided that this cover page is retained. Republication of this article or its storage in electronic databases other than as specified above is not pe ...
Study of Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Microcavities as a
... The two parameters r and a are chosen for yield of a large photonic band gaps. ...
... The two parameters r and a are chosen for yield of a large photonic band gaps. ...
The discovery of X-rays diffraction: from crystals to DNA. A case
... considered was the most general one, that is the triclinic type (the edges of the elementary parallelepiped may thus have any lengths and be inclined at any angles to one other). The comparison of the theory with the experimental data was done by Laue in the simplest case, namely that of zinc blende ...
... considered was the most general one, that is the triclinic type (the edges of the elementary parallelepiped may thus have any lengths and be inclined at any angles to one other). The comparison of the theory with the experimental data was done by Laue in the simplest case, namely that of zinc blende ...
Ultrapure, high mobility organic photoconductors
... program designed to obtain reliable experimental data over wide temperature ranges on charge-cartier transport in organic photoconductors. Naphthalene and perylene were selected, among others, to serve as model substances. Naphthalene is one of the most simple aromatic molecules; very extensive inve ...
... program designed to obtain reliable experimental data over wide temperature ranges on charge-cartier transport in organic photoconductors. Naphthalene and perylene were selected, among others, to serve as model substances. Naphthalene is one of the most simple aromatic molecules; very extensive inve ...
Manual JBS Magic Triangle
... (5) Observe the crystal under a microscope to check for degradation. If no degradation occurs after about 3–5 minutes, proceed with usual crystal mounting for X-ray data collection. It may be advised to test the soaking conditions with a low quality crystal and if no problems occur then proceed with ...
... (5) Observe the crystal under a microscope to check for degradation. If no degradation occurs after about 3–5 minutes, proceed with usual crystal mounting for X-ray data collection. It may be advised to test the soaking conditions with a low quality crystal and if no problems occur then proceed with ...
Crystal Structure of an Enzyme-Substrate Complex Provides Insight
... same conditions as the wild-type, thus minimizing variability, and as the structure was solved by replacement with the wild-type coordinates, differences would be more likely to be downweighted due to model bias than to be artifacts. In fact, the mean Ca deviation between the structures of wildÊ. ty ...
... same conditions as the wild-type, thus minimizing variability, and as the structure was solved by replacement with the wild-type coordinates, differences would be more likely to be downweighted due to model bias than to be artifacts. In fact, the mean Ca deviation between the structures of wildÊ. ty ...
Defect Density Waves and Specific Manifestations of the Memory
... the following idea. The DDW arise owing to the diffusion of defects, and this process takes quite a long time. Therefore, the periodic distribution of the defect density should survive for a certain time outside the temperature range of the incommensurate phase. However, in the incommensurate phase, ...
... the following idea. The DDW arise owing to the diffusion of defects, and this process takes quite a long time. Therefore, the periodic distribution of the defect density should survive for a certain time outside the temperature range of the incommensurate phase. However, in the incommensurate phase, ...
Tellurium crystals - Iowa Research Online
... state of any sample other than crystals, no consistent results can be obtained from either supposedly amor phous or crystal aggregate samples. The question as to whether or not the fact of having platinum sealed in the Tellurium crystals might not be responsible for a part of this curve, due to th ...
... state of any sample other than crystals, no consistent results can be obtained from either supposedly amor phous or crystal aggregate samples. The question as to whether or not the fact of having platinum sealed in the Tellurium crystals might not be responsible for a part of this curve, due to th ...
Crystal structure of oxygen-evolving photosystem II at 1.9 Ε
... Mn4Ca-cluster composed of 4 Mn atoms and 1 Ca atom, which cycles through several different Si-states (with i=0-4) upon extraction of each electron by the PSII reaction center (PSII-RC) P6801, 2. When 4 electrons and 4 protons are extracted from 2 molecules of water, 1 molecule of di-oxygen is formed ...
... Mn4Ca-cluster composed of 4 Mn atoms and 1 Ca atom, which cycles through several different Si-states (with i=0-4) upon extraction of each electron by the PSII reaction center (PSII-RC) P6801, 2. When 4 electrons and 4 protons are extracted from 2 molecules of water, 1 molecule of di-oxygen is formed ...
An unusually small dimer interface is observed in all available
... used to identify cytosolic sulfotransferases in the PDB starting with the sequence of human SULT1E1. This resulted in a total of 41 PDB entries. Twenty-eight of these proteins are cytosolic sulfotransferases and 13 are other proteins with similar folds including the heparan sulfotransferase, a bacte ...
... used to identify cytosolic sulfotransferases in the PDB starting with the sequence of human SULT1E1. This resulted in a total of 41 PDB entries. Twenty-eight of these proteins are cytosolic sulfotransferases and 13 are other proteins with similar folds including the heparan sulfotransferase, a bacte ...
Ionic Bonding - Effingham County Schools
... and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal. Example: A sodium ion, Na+, has a charge of 1+. A chloride ion, Cl-, has a charge of 1-. There is an electrical force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. In sodium chloride, these ions comb ...
... and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal. Example: A sodium ion, Na+, has a charge of 1+. A chloride ion, Cl-, has a charge of 1-. There is an electrical force of attraction between oppositely charged ions. In sodium chloride, these ions comb ...
Effect of potassium nitrate on the optical and structural properties
... to be a NLO material. It can be concluded that only when the optical transmission spectrum of the crystal has a wide range of transparency window, without any absorption at the fundamental and second harmonic wavelengths, preferably when the lower limit of the transparency window is well below the 3 ...
... to be a NLO material. It can be concluded that only when the optical transmission spectrum of the crystal has a wide range of transparency window, without any absorption at the fundamental and second harmonic wavelengths, preferably when the lower limit of the transparency window is well below the 3 ...
Properties of different LC cells with high optical anisotropy as a
... this case, decrease in the viscosity probably has positive influence on the diffraction efficiency what was expected. As it was theoretically predicted, refractive optical index of liquid crystal mixture extremely increases diffraction efficiency. The tested cells with LC mixtures and with high refr ...
... this case, decrease in the viscosity probably has positive influence on the diffraction efficiency what was expected. As it was theoretically predicted, refractive optical index of liquid crystal mixture extremely increases diffraction efficiency. The tested cells with LC mixtures and with high refr ...
Crystallographic database
A crystallographic database is a database specifically designed to store information about the structure of molecules and crystals. Crystals are solids having, in all three dimensions of space, a regularly repeating arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules. They are characterized by symmetry, morphology, and directionally dependent physical properties. A crystal structure describes the arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in a crystal. (Molecules need to crystallize into solids so that their regularly repeating arrangements can be taken advantage of in X-ray, neutron, and electron diffraction based crystallography.)Crystal structures of crystalline material are typically determined from X-ray or neutron single-crystal diffraction data and stored in crystal structure databases. They are routinely identified by comparing reflection intensities and lattice spacings from X-ray powder diffraction data with entries in powder-diffraction fingerprinting databases.Crystal structures of nanometer sized crystalline samples can be determined via structure factor amplitude information from single-crystal electron diffraction data or structure factor amplitude and phase angle information from Fourier transforms of HRTEM images of crystallites. They are stored in crystal structure databases specializing in nanocrystals and can be identified by comparing zone axis subsets in lattice-fringe fingerprint plots with entries in a lattice-fringe fingerprinting database.Crystallographic databases differ in access and usage rights and offer varying degrees of search and analysis capacity. Many provide structure visualization capabilities. They can be browser based or installed locally. Newer versions are built on the relational database model and support the Crystallographic Information File (CIF) as a universal data exchange format.