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Quantum Mechanics of Many-Particle Systems: Atoms, Molecules
Quantum Mechanics of Many-Particle Systems: Atoms, Molecules

... ‘interaction operator’ – depends on the coordinates of both particles. With neglect of interaction the wave function can be taken as a product P si(1, 2) = ψa (1)ψb (2), which indicates Particle 1 in state ψa and Particle 2 in state ψb . This is a first example of the Independent Particle Model and ...
Beyond Effective Potential via Variational Perturbation Theory
Beyond Effective Potential via Variational Perturbation Theory

... means of approximation methods. This is due to the fact that the equations which describe physical phenomena normally cannot be solved analytically. Therefore, over the course of the history of physics, many different approximation techniques have been developed in order to treat non-analytically so ...
Numerical analysis of transmission coefficient, LDOS, and DOS in
Numerical analysis of transmission coefficient, LDOS, and DOS in

... logic circuits. The current transport in all of these devices is controlled by the resonant tunneling transport phenomenon. The basic approach for realization of such devices involves use of superlattice nanostructures in one of the terminals of a MODFET. It is very difficult to carry out accurate t ...
Quantum many-particle electron transport in time-dependent systems with Bohmian trajectories by Alfonso Alarc´
Quantum many-particle electron transport in time-dependent systems with Bohmian trajectories by Alfonso Alarc´

... Date of defense: April 2011 ...
Quantum Mechanics and Solid State Physics for Electric
Quantum Mechanics and Solid State Physics for Electric

... The material in this book is organized in three distinct parts: Quantum Mechanics, Solid State Physics and the Appendices. The first part deals with (non-relativistic) Quantum Mechanics which is the base of all of modern quantum physics. The phenomena, unexplainable in the frame of classical physics ...
Detecting a many-body mobility edge with quantum
Detecting a many-body mobility edge with quantum

Inner-shell excitation of open-shell atoms - Shih
Inner-shell excitation of open-shell atoms - Shih

The quantum states of muons in fluorides
The quantum states of muons in fluorides

... •  Few  systema=c  microscopic  studies  to  date  of   diamagne=c  muon  states  in  solids.     ...
Effect of Electron–Electron Interaction on Spin Relaxation of Charge
Effect of Electron–Electron Interaction on Spin Relaxation of Charge

... dynamics were studied for optically oriented electrons in n-type GaAs/AlGaAs-based quantum wells. (s) ...
Entropy density of quasifree states supported by left/right movers
Entropy density of quasifree states supported by left/right movers

... Let PR , PL be nontrivial and b h sufficiently smooth. Nonequilibrium (β− > 0) (Leading order) The singular nature of the symbol does not affect the leading order of the entropy density asymptotics. (Nonvanishing density) Any strictly positive temperature in the system leads to a nonvanishing asympt ...
Kappa Magnus L 20170508
Kappa Magnus L 20170508

... Successful ways of predicting chemical reactivity is of both fundamental and of applied interest. Methods with high predicting power are likely to generate a deeper theoretical understanding of the factors governing reactivity, and they also have the potential to save time, effort, resources, enviro ...
Two-Fluid Model for Heavy Electron Physics
Two-Fluid Model for Heavy Electron Physics

Free Energies of Cavity and Noncavity Hydrated Electrons at the
Free Energies of Cavity and Noncavity Hydrated Electrons at the

... the electron even one water diameter closer to the interface at 6 Å destabilizes the system by ∼4 kBT, and a system in which the electron lies just another 1 Å closer, or 0.5 nm from the interface, is destabilized by ∼10 kBT. Indeed, we were unable to restrain the LGS electron closer than 4.5 Å from ...
Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of solids W. M. C. Foulkes
Quantum Monte Carlo simulations of solids W. M. C. Foulkes

... Continuum QMC simulations require much more computer time than density-functional or HF calculations, but can already achieve chemical accuracy (usually defined as 1 kcal per mole, which is about 0.04 eV per molecule) in small systems and may soon achieve it in solids. Chemical accuracy is sufficien ...
Superconductivity and Charge Order of Confined Fermi Systems
Superconductivity and Charge Order of Confined Fermi Systems

... We begin by showing the density profile in Fig. 1. Results are given both in the LDA and in a trapped 30 × 30 system with µ = 0.8 and Vtrap = 0.0097. These two approaches yield results in very good agreement for ρi . An important point is the absence of a density plateau at ρ = 1. This is in accorda ...
DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION AND APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC STRUCTURAL DESCRIPTORS TO THE
DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION AND APPLICATION OF ELECTRONIC STRUCTURAL DESCRIPTORS TO THE

... Roughly and generally speaking, theoretical chemistry may be defined as the use of non-experimental reasoning to explain or predict chemical phenomena. Therefore, a theoretical chemist uses chemical, physical, mathematical and computing skills to study chemical systems. In theoretical chemistry, che ...
VARIATIONAL MONTE CARLO ESTIMATION OF THE
VARIATIONAL MONTE CARLO ESTIMATION OF THE

... In this work we would like to present a new approach to computation of dissociation energy De of CuH using the variational Monte Carlo (VMC) method. In Chapter 2 we give a historical overview of different ab. initio methods used in quantum chemistry nowadays. The emphasis is on quantum Monte Carlo ( ...
Pauli Exclusion Principle
Pauli Exclusion Principle

... When an atom is placed in an external magnetic field B, the total angular momentum J is quantized in space relative to the direction of B and the energy of the atomic state characterized by the angular momentum quantum number j is split into 2j + 1 energy levels corresponding to the 2j +1 possible v ...
Electron-hole correlations in semiconductor quantum dots with tight-binding wave functions
Electron-hole correlations in semiconductor quantum dots with tight-binding wave functions

Quantum Monte Carlo, or, how to solve the many
Quantum Monte Carlo, or, how to solve the many

... is clearly one of complexity. However there exists a class of methods, collectively called ‘projector Monte Carlo’, which in principle solve quantum problems exactly - they attempt the much more difficult job of simultaneously creating and sampling the unknown exact ground state wave function. Diffu ...
V. Linetsky, “The Path Integral Approach to Financial Modeling and
V. Linetsky, “The Path Integral Approach to Financial Modeling and

... for financial models. Since financial models are stochastic, expectations of various quantities contingent upon price paths (financial derivatives) are given by path integrals, where the action functional for the underlying risk-neutral price process defines a risk-neutral measure on the set of all ...
Two-Dimensional Schrodinger Scattering and Electron Transport in Graphene
Two-Dimensional Schrodinger Scattering and Electron Transport in Graphene

Measurement of the quantum capacitance of interacting electrons in
Measurement of the quantum capacitance of interacting electrons in

Effect of edge reconstruction and electron
Effect of edge reconstruction and electron

... agree reasonably well with those in Ref. 14 for the systems that were studied in Ref. 14. We identify the defect bands in the electronic band structures of the GNRs with reconstructed edge defects and relate strong electron backscattering in these GNRs to the presence of these bands. We estimate rea ...
Probing a scattering resonance in Rydberg molecules with a Bose
Probing a scattering resonance in Rydberg molecules with a Bose

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Density functional theory

Density functional theory (DFT) is a computational quantum mechanical modelling method used in physics, chemistry and materials science to investigate the electronic structure (principally the ground state) of many-body systems, in particular atoms, molecules, and the condensed phases. Using this theory, the properties of a many-electron system can be determined by using functionals, i.e. functions of another function, which in this case is the spatially dependent electron density. Hence the name density functional theory comes from the use of functionals of the electron density. DFT is among the most popular and versatile methods available in condensed-matter physics, computational physics, and computational chemistry.DFT has been very popular for calculations in solid-state physics since the 1970s. However, DFT was not considered accurate enough for calculations in quantum chemistry until the 1990s, when the approximations used in the theory were greatly refined to better model the exchange and correlation interactions. In many cases the results of DFT calculations for solid-state systems agree quite satisfactorily with experimental data. Computational costs are relatively low when compared to traditional methods, such as Hartree–Fock theory and its descendants based on the complex many-electron wavefunction.Despite recent improvements, there are still difficulties in using density functional theory to properly describe intermolecular interactions (of critical importance to understanding chemical reactions), especially van der Waals forces (dispersion); charge transfer excitations; transition states, global potential energy surfaces, dopant interactions and some other strongly correlated systems; and in calculations of the band gap and ferromagnetism in semiconductors. Its incomplete treatment of dispersion can adversely affect the accuracy of DFT (at least when used alone and uncorrected) in the treatment of systems which are dominated by dispersion (e.g. interacting noble gas atoms) or where dispersion competes significantly with other effects (e.g. in biomolecules). The development of new DFT methods designed to overcome this problem, by alterations to the functional and inclusion of additional terms to account for both core and valence electrons or by the inclusion of additive terms, is a current research topic.
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