Income Inequality, Fertility, Human Capital Accumulation and
... quality. Parents with higher income would prefer to have fewer children and may offer better education, while parents with lower income would have more children but may not be able to provide them much education. The argument is that for the rich, the opportunity costs of having more children are hi ...
... quality. Parents with higher income would prefer to have fewer children and may offer better education, while parents with lower income would have more children but may not be able to provide them much education. The argument is that for the rich, the opportunity costs of having more children are hi ...
Stewardship for a “Full” World
... he economies of China and India are growing at a rapid clip. But these nations seem to be making the same environmental mistakes that Western countries made during their development—this time with a vengeance, given their enormous populations. And their “real” economic improvements, RESOURCES once t ...
... he economies of China and India are growing at a rapid clip. But these nations seem to be making the same environmental mistakes that Western countries made during their development—this time with a vengeance, given their enormous populations. And their “real” economic improvements, RESOURCES once t ...
Five Debates Over Macroeconomic Policy + Revision
... This figure shows how the amount of capital per worker influences the amount of output per worker. Other determinants of output, including human capital, natural resources, and technology, are held constant. The curve becomes flatter as the amount of capital increases because of diminishing returns ...
... This figure shows how the amount of capital per worker influences the amount of output per worker. Other determinants of output, including human capital, natural resources, and technology, are held constant. The curve becomes flatter as the amount of capital increases because of diminishing returns ...
K/N
... substitute away from leisure and toward work (leisure becomes more expensive). This is a substitution effect. <>
– Estimating this substitution effect is difficult since PVLR is not easily held constant.
Estimates range from 0 - 2% (For a 1% incre ...
... substitute away from leisure and toward work (leisure becomes more expensive). This is a substitution effect. <
ESCAP High-level Policy Dialogue
... • Fiscal stimulus in 2009 had a big impact when the economy experienced a slowdown. This is indicated by economic growth higher compared without stimulus, unemployment and poverty rates declined. • Lesson Learned: a. Tax cut policy would be more effective than expenditure policy. This mat ...
... • Fiscal stimulus in 2009 had a big impact when the economy experienced a slowdown. This is indicated by economic growth higher compared without stimulus, unemployment and poverty rates declined. • Lesson Learned: a. Tax cut policy would be more effective than expenditure policy. This mat ...
Problem Set 1
... the growth rate of part a.? What fraction would be left for consumer items? [Hint: another word for the fraction of output devoted to building new capital goods is the investment rate, i.e. the ratio It/Yt. And, remember that savings equals investment, so the investment rate equals the savings rate. ...
... the growth rate of part a.? What fraction would be left for consumer items? [Hint: another word for the fraction of output devoted to building new capital goods is the investment rate, i.e. the ratio It/Yt. And, remember that savings equals investment, so the investment rate equals the savings rate. ...
Section 2: Demand and output
... Chart 2.2 Service sector output growth remains robust Contributions to average quarterly GVA growth by output sector(a) ...
... Chart 2.2 Service sector output growth remains robust Contributions to average quarterly GVA growth by output sector(a) ...
PDF
... and a few others) which were able to rapidly grow for prolonged periods of time relying on a manufacturing export-oriented strategy. Despite their small size, these new emerging industrializing countries (NIC) became important exporters of manufactured goods to the North. The emergence of these lit ...
... and a few others) which were able to rapidly grow for prolonged periods of time relying on a manufacturing export-oriented strategy. Despite their small size, these new emerging industrializing countries (NIC) became important exporters of manufactured goods to the North. The emergence of these lit ...
Economy in Brief
... relative to those in the United States, with the negative spread between Canadian and U.S. yields on 3-month Treasury bills at about 2 percentage points. Indeed, Canadian rates have been below comparable U.S. rates up to, at times, 10-year maturities for the first time since 1985. ...
... relative to those in the United States, with the negative spread between Canadian and U.S. yields on 3-month Treasury bills at about 2 percentage points. Indeed, Canadian rates have been below comparable U.S. rates up to, at times, 10-year maturities for the first time since 1985. ...
Economic Consequences of War
... Over the past 30 years, the war in Sri Lanka between the government forces and the armed militant group named “the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)” has been a prominent part of its people’s life and economy. The number of deaths is estimated at over 70,000 and around 5 percent of the populat ...
... Over the past 30 years, the war in Sri Lanka between the government forces and the armed militant group named “the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE)” has been a prominent part of its people’s life and economy. The number of deaths is estimated at over 70,000 and around 5 percent of the populat ...
PDF
... The counterfactual scenarios: In the case where there is a uniformly slow rate of global population growth, Australia is adversely affected not only by the lower trajectory of its own labour force but also by the relative decline in demand for its products abroad. This is clear from Figure 2. In thi ...
... The counterfactual scenarios: In the case where there is a uniformly slow rate of global population growth, Australia is adversely affected not only by the lower trajectory of its own labour force but also by the relative decline in demand for its products abroad. This is clear from Figure 2. In thi ...
solution 24/01/03
... In rates of growth, this read, % M + %V = %P + %Y Or, % P = %M + %V - %Y This expression gives a theory of inflationn in the sense that it establishes a relationship between inflation and three factors: the rates of growth of money, velocity and output. Put like this, this is a tautology. Th ...
... In rates of growth, this read, % M + %V = %P + %Y Or, % P = %M + %V - %Y This expression gives a theory of inflationn in the sense that it establishes a relationship between inflation and three factors: the rates of growth of money, velocity and output. Put like this, this is a tautology. Th ...
Taking Mankiw, Romer and Weil Seriously. NBER Working Paper
... or capital as an indication that a certain theory has better explanatory power. Rather, we focus here on the dynamics of growth following an external shock. The main advantage of this emphasis is that we no longer need to assume that countries have already reached their steady state or that the prod ...
... or capital as an indication that a certain theory has better explanatory power. Rather, we focus here on the dynamics of growth following an external shock. The main advantage of this emphasis is that we no longer need to assume that countries have already reached their steady state or that the prod ...
E719_No03_Chapter02
... changes as well as in the method of calculation. Its measurement is based on the change in the cost of a standard (base year) bundle of consumer goods over time. Percentage changes in the CPI are also used to ...
... changes as well as in the method of calculation. Its measurement is based on the change in the cost of a standard (base year) bundle of consumer goods over time. Percentage changes in the CPI are also used to ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Manmohan Agarwal
... We also find in section IV that the differences with East Asia and particularly China depend on the basis of the comparison. This can be seen if we take into account that the reforms in China started in 1979 and in India in 1991 and that the staring points in these two years were very different for ...
... We also find in section IV that the differences with East Asia and particularly China depend on the basis of the comparison. This can be seen if we take into account that the reforms in China started in 1979 and in India in 1991 and that the staring points in these two years were very different for ...
Macroeconomic Policies for Sustainable and Resilient Growth in Northern and Central Asia Almaty, Kazakhstan
... diversification than others). • Macroeconomic policies should not be considered neutral to diversification. • And they can be oriented to support diversification by orienting them to management of relative prices among different sectors ...
... diversification than others). • Macroeconomic policies should not be considered neutral to diversification. • And they can be oriented to support diversification by orienting them to management of relative prices among different sectors ...
Productivity Growth in the Americas (12 March 02).
... similar high productivity growth, but of course the events of recent economic crisis are preventing that trend from continuing for the time being. According to the same IDB report, productivity growth was also strong in Uruguay. However, in Brazil productivity growth was close to zero-actually sligh ...
... similar high productivity growth, but of course the events of recent economic crisis are preventing that trend from continuing for the time being. According to the same IDB report, productivity growth was also strong in Uruguay. However, in Brazil productivity growth was close to zero-actually sligh ...
Taking the Measure of Turbulent Markets, Focusing on Value
... many price hedges have rolled off. How great are the default risks at this point? JB: Other than the old saw about the cure for high prices being high prices and the cure for low prices is low prices, that energy sector dynamic at the moment looks challenging. It’s hard to see what would change to b ...
... many price hedges have rolled off. How great are the default risks at this point? JB: Other than the old saw about the cure for high prices being high prices and the cure for low prices is low prices, that energy sector dynamic at the moment looks challenging. It’s hard to see what would change to b ...
How Natural Resources Affect Economic Development
... Note: Data points are missing for some years for some countries, but they tend to average out so that this does not inject an intolerable bias. Some discrepancy also arises from the use of constant 1995 US dollars because the more the inflation rate the greater the degree of the uncertainty that is ...
... Note: Data points are missing for some years for some countries, but they tend to average out so that this does not inject an intolerable bias. Some discrepancy also arises from the use of constant 1995 US dollars because the more the inflation rate the greater the degree of the uncertainty that is ...
Viet Nam
... a percentage point to 6.1%, reflecting improved consumer sentiment. Growth in public consumption eased to 7.0% as the government reduced capital expenditure and contained increases in public sector wages. Investment strengthened last year as gross capital formation rose by 8.9%, spurred by an estima ...
... a percentage point to 6.1%, reflecting improved consumer sentiment. Growth in public consumption eased to 7.0% as the government reduced capital expenditure and contained increases in public sector wages. Investment strengthened last year as gross capital formation rose by 8.9%, spurred by an estima ...
18 mark F582 - mrshearingeconomics
... Samuel Tombs of Capital Economics said he expected inflation to fall even further. "A favourable combination of lower import prices, flat commodity prices and recovering productivity is likely to help CPI inflation fall further, perhaps to about 1% by the end of the year," he said. As well as the im ...
... Samuel Tombs of Capital Economics said he expected inflation to fall even further. "A favourable combination of lower import prices, flat commodity prices and recovering productivity is likely to help CPI inflation fall further, perhaps to about 1% by the end of the year," he said. As well as the im ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.