Productivity and Growth in an Unstable Emerging Market Economy
... physical (as well as human) capital accumulation change in opposite directions as we change the value of , the general trends of the three sources remain the same. Moreover, our interpretations of those trends will not change. The results of the sensitivity analysis can be requested from the first ...
... physical (as well as human) capital accumulation change in opposite directions as we change the value of , the general trends of the three sources remain the same. Moreover, our interpretations of those trends will not change. The results of the sensitivity analysis can be requested from the first ...
2003-6
... Robust and sustainable levels of economic growth are important for all societies and critical for developing countries afflicted by poverty. But the question of rapid economic growth is especially acute in transforming economies where alienated and disaffected sectors of society must enjoy at least ...
... Robust and sustainable levels of economic growth are important for all societies and critical for developing countries afflicted by poverty. But the question of rapid economic growth is especially acute in transforming economies where alienated and disaffected sectors of society must enjoy at least ...
The Economics of Natural Disasters
... Other factors that influence an economy’s vulnerability to natural disaster are political and institutional. Of course, part of the influence of these factors is through their effect on economic growth and development, and thus on national income and wealth. Better policies and institutions make for ...
... Other factors that influence an economy’s vulnerability to natural disaster are political and institutional. Of course, part of the influence of these factors is through their effect on economic growth and development, and thus on national income and wealth. Better policies and institutions make for ...
Economic Issues In The Australian Economy
... ○ According to demand-side economists like Keynesians (their mantra: what is spent is earnt) changes in aggregate demand cause economic growth/ decline and consequently swings in the business cycle. As national income rises, investment ‘accelerates’ causing further increases in household consumption ...
... ○ According to demand-side economists like Keynesians (their mantra: what is spent is earnt) changes in aggregate demand cause economic growth/ decline and consequently swings in the business cycle. As national income rises, investment ‘accelerates’ causing further increases in household consumption ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES
... gains – cause households to shift consumption to the present from the future. And the specific forms of capital taxation often shift capital from more productive uses to investments like housing that do much less to raise national income and economic growth. Avoiding these tax increases requires ma ...
... gains – cause households to shift consumption to the present from the future. And the specific forms of capital taxation often shift capital from more productive uses to investments like housing that do much less to raise national income and economic growth. Avoiding these tax increases requires ma ...
View/Open
... may reflect differences in the quality of finance, which are, in turn, determined by the quality of financial regulation and rule of law. For example, an increase in financial development, as captured by standard indicators of financial development, may not result in increased growth because of corr ...
... may reflect differences in the quality of finance, which are, in turn, determined by the quality of financial regulation and rule of law. For example, an increase in financial development, as captured by standard indicators of financial development, may not result in increased growth because of corr ...
SESSION NOTES OECD/ESCAP/ADB REGIONAL CONSULTATION ON INCLUSIVE GROWTH IN
... was accompanied by social gains and relative political stability. Between the early 1990s and 2012, the total population expanded by over 200 million, but the number of people living in acute poverty – less than USD 1.25 per day in PPP terms – fell by 75 million. Several countries have attained midd ...
... was accompanied by social gains and relative political stability. Between the early 1990s and 2012, the total population expanded by over 200 million, but the number of people living in acute poverty – less than USD 1.25 per day in PPP terms – fell by 75 million. Several countries have attained midd ...
Prospects for Reconciling the Conflict between
... academia and sometimes acknowledged in political circles. Nevertheless, there is not a unified response. In political and policy circles, the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is posited to solve the conflict between economic growth and environmental protection. In academia, however, the EKC has bee ...
... academia and sometimes acknowledged in political circles. Nevertheless, there is not a unified response. In political and policy circles, the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) is posited to solve the conflict between economic growth and environmental protection. In academia, however, the EKC has bee ...
View/Open
... and a significant decline in the growth rate of land input during the period 1966-67 to 1988-89. However, the growth of capital input shows a marked acceleration during the sub-period 1966-80 followed by a deceleration during the Eighties. Recent studies by Patnaik (1987), Rath (1989) and Shetty (1 ...
... and a significant decline in the growth rate of land input during the period 1966-67 to 1988-89. However, the growth of capital input shows a marked acceleration during the sub-period 1966-80 followed by a deceleration during the Eighties. Recent studies by Patnaik (1987), Rath (1989) and Shetty (1 ...
CHAPTER 1. NATIONAL ECONOMIES: SUSTAINING GROWTH INTRODUCTION
... even though they still have corrupt, closed political institutions. But the same history also suggests the need for caution. European experience shows that the pattern of growth acceleration alternating with reversal can persist for centuries.The transition to modern economic growth is not inevitabl ...
... even though they still have corrupt, closed political institutions. But the same history also suggests the need for caution. European experience shows that the pattern of growth acceleration alternating with reversal can persist for centuries.The transition to modern economic growth is not inevitabl ...
FRBSF E L
... seasonality. Therefore, the residual GDP seasonal variation appears to reflect the BEA’s granular, bottomup seasonal adjustment procedure. Indeed, we found that all of the major components of GDP— consumption, business investment, net exports, government spending, and inventory investment— displayed ...
... seasonality. Therefore, the residual GDP seasonal variation appears to reflect the BEA’s granular, bottomup seasonal adjustment procedure. Indeed, we found that all of the major components of GDP— consumption, business investment, net exports, government spending, and inventory investment— displayed ...
- 3 - Chapter I Major trends in the world economy This chapter is an
... rapidly took a downward turn in 2001, which had a negative impact on the NIEs and the ASEAN economies as a high percentage of their exports were directed to the US. The US economy after the end of 2001 showed signs of recovery due to increased automobile sales and the effects of fiscal and financial ...
... rapidly took a downward turn in 2001, which had a negative impact on the NIEs and the ASEAN economies as a high percentage of their exports were directed to the US. The US economy after the end of 2001 showed signs of recovery due to increased automobile sales and the effects of fiscal and financial ...
Chapter 1
... growth can be accounted for by a decline in productivity growth. The slowdown in productivity since 1974 is widespread. ...
... growth can be accounted for by a decline in productivity growth. The slowdown in productivity since 1974 is widespread. ...
Lions on the move: The progress and potential of African economies
... Promising long-term growth prospects Looking ahead, a critical question is whether Africa’s surge represents a onetime event or an economic takeoff. The continent’s growth also picked up during the oil boom of the 1970s but slowed sharply when oil and other commodity prices collapsed during the subs ...
... Promising long-term growth prospects Looking ahead, a critical question is whether Africa’s surge represents a onetime event or an economic takeoff. The continent’s growth also picked up during the oil boom of the 1970s but slowed sharply when oil and other commodity prices collapsed during the subs ...
Outlook for the Domestic Economy
... However, with MYEFO published after the release of the September quarter National Accounts, the outlook for 2013-14 and 2014-15 will not be reassessed in detail until after the December quarter National Accounts released on 5 March. This report is instead focused on the outlook for 2015-16, which, f ...
... However, with MYEFO published after the release of the September quarter National Accounts, the outlook for 2013-14 and 2014-15 will not be reassessed in detail until after the December quarter National Accounts released on 5 March. This report is instead focused on the outlook for 2015-16, which, f ...
Is Greek Debt Really Unsustainable?
... Higher real growth rates would be perfectly conceivable given external support for investment, in which case also the inflation gap would shrink, and the primary surplus would rise without any increase in discretionary fiscal consolidation. Once the growth dynamic is kick-started the substantial unu ...
... Higher real growth rates would be perfectly conceivable given external support for investment, in which case also the inflation gap would shrink, and the primary surplus would rise without any increase in discretionary fiscal consolidation. Once the growth dynamic is kick-started the substantial unu ...
Chapter 16
... 4. Increasing the government’s surplus would increase the government saving component of national saving. 5. Tax policies that increase the after-tax rate of return on saving would boost the private saving part of national saving. 6. Monetary policy that preserves stable prices and minimizes uncerta ...
... 4. Increasing the government’s surplus would increase the government saving component of national saving. 5. Tax policies that increase the after-tax rate of return on saving would boost the private saving part of national saving. 6. Monetary policy that preserves stable prices and minimizes uncerta ...
What`s Wrong with the GDP
... They acknowledge that GDP leaves out far too many variables. Let us now look at what some of those variables are. Perhaps most glaringly, what is not counted by the GDP are goods and services provided outside of monetized exchange. Thus all work done in the informal sector, such as domestic work, go ...
... They acknowledge that GDP leaves out far too many variables. Let us now look at what some of those variables are. Perhaps most glaringly, what is not counted by the GDP are goods and services provided outside of monetized exchange. Thus all work done in the informal sector, such as domestic work, go ...
problem set 1
... Economists often examine percentage changes in variables. The percentage change in real GDP from one year to the next, for example, represents economic growth during that year. The percentage change in the CPI or in the GDP deflator measure the rate of inflation for that year. The percentage change ...
... Economists often examine percentage changes in variables. The percentage change in real GDP from one year to the next, for example, represents economic growth during that year. The percentage change in the CPI or in the GDP deflator measure the rate of inflation for that year. The percentage change ...
the relationships between gdp, export and investment: case study iran
... policymakers. World Bank studies show causes such as high rates of savings, investment, a large proportion of exports in GDP, based on export promotion policies and competitive markets play a key role in East Asia's economic growth (World Bank: 1993).Extra financial savings make it possible more inv ...
... policymakers. World Bank studies show causes such as high rates of savings, investment, a large proportion of exports in GDP, based on export promotion policies and competitive markets play a key role in East Asia's economic growth (World Bank: 1993).Extra financial savings make it possible more inv ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.