Changing lifestyles and consumption patterns in developing countries:
... and destroying ecosystems [1]. Large-scale economic development in the North occurring in the first half of last century has left deep marks on natural resources availability and quality. These are dangerous side-effect of the development model the North follows and the South emulates. Changing life ...
... and destroying ecosystems [1]. Large-scale economic development in the North occurring in the first half of last century has left deep marks on natural resources availability and quality. These are dangerous side-effect of the development model the North follows and the South emulates. Changing life ...
The Population-Development Nexus - the Max Planck Institute for
... country, there are three production sectors: resource intensive industry (producing a final good), resource nonintensive (“service”) industry (also producing a final good), and natural resource extraction industry (producing an intermediate good). There is also a set of international trade prices, a ...
... country, there are three production sectors: resource intensive industry (producing a final good), resource nonintensive (“service”) industry (also producing a final good), and natural resource extraction industry (producing an intermediate good). There is also a set of international trade prices, a ...
pg07 Malley 5018580 en
... links between education spending policy, human capital externalities and growth. Given the potential benefits from policy and the lack of quantitative research to date, in this paper we calibrate, solve and conduct policy analysis using a standard endogenous growth model. In the spirit of Lucas’s (20 ...
... links between education spending policy, human capital externalities and growth. Given the potential benefits from policy and the lack of quantitative research to date, in this paper we calibrate, solve and conduct policy analysis using a standard endogenous growth model. In the spirit of Lucas’s (20 ...
Relaxing intellectual property rights may increase growth
... the study finds that although FDI and IPR have positive effects on economic growth for most of the countries, stronger IPR mitigates the growth effect of FDI. Moreover, at the highest observed levels of FDI, it appears that more lax IPR increases the growth rate. The mitigating impact of IPR on the ...
... the study finds that although FDI and IPR have positive effects on economic growth for most of the countries, stronger IPR mitigates the growth effect of FDI. Moreover, at the highest observed levels of FDI, it appears that more lax IPR increases the growth rate. The mitigating impact of IPR on the ...
Slide 1
... Weeks 7-8: Europe and the Great Depression Week 7-1 Europe and the Great Depression Week 7-2 A Tale of Two Recoveries: the U.S. and Germany, 19331937 Week 8-1 Europe’s Great Depression, 1920-1960; A Long Term ...
... Weeks 7-8: Europe and the Great Depression Week 7-1 Europe and the Great Depression Week 7-2 A Tale of Two Recoveries: the U.S. and Germany, 19331937 Week 8-1 Europe’s Great Depression, 1920-1960; A Long Term ...
0002 EN
... MFA loans to third countries are subject to individual decisions by the Council. A proposal by the Commission for granting an MFA loan of EUR 50 million and a grant of EUR 30 million to Lebanon was adopted on 20 August 2007 and has been forwarded to the European Parliament for consultation and to t ...
... MFA loans to third countries are subject to individual decisions by the Council. A proposal by the Commission for granting an MFA loan of EUR 50 million and a grant of EUR 30 million to Lebanon was adopted on 20 August 2007 and has been forwarded to the European Parliament for consultation and to t ...
living better on less? toward an economics of
... human wellbeing. The following inquiry considers what empirical evidence exists for this assumed correlation, in following three situations: (1) across nations; (2) between individuals within a nation; a ...
... human wellbeing. The following inquiry considers what empirical evidence exists for this assumed correlation, in following three situations: (1) across nations; (2) between individuals within a nation; a ...
Book title: None yet
... Our fundamental interest in this chapter is not whether a decent livelihood for all is best pursued by an employment guarantee, or as in the case of the bolsa familia of Brazil by direct grants to needy families, or as in the case of Argentina by subsidizing private employers to hire the unemployed ...
... Our fundamental interest in this chapter is not whether a decent livelihood for all is best pursued by an employment guarantee, or as in the case of the bolsa familia of Brazil by direct grants to needy families, or as in the case of Argentina by subsidizing private employers to hire the unemployed ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... National Bureau of Economic Research
... The official aggregate productivity statistics are derived from expenditure-based GDP, but researchers and analysts also look at productivity derived from GDI. The paper provides a useful accounting for the sources of the difference in the growth rates of these alternative measures, reminding us of jus ...
... The official aggregate productivity statistics are derived from expenditure-based GDP, but researchers and analysts also look at productivity derived from GDI. The paper provides a useful accounting for the sources of the difference in the growth rates of these alternative measures, reminding us of jus ...
Economics Homework 1 Due: before Noon of April 12 (Friday
... 28.Henry buys a bond issued by Ralston Purina, which uses the funds to buy new machinery for one of its factories. a. Henry and Ralston Purina are both investing. b. Henry and Ralston Purina are both saving. c. Henry is investing; Ralston Purina is saving. d. Henry is saving; Ralston Purina is inve ...
... 28.Henry buys a bond issued by Ralston Purina, which uses the funds to buy new machinery for one of its factories. a. Henry and Ralston Purina are both investing. b. Henry and Ralston Purina are both saving. c. Henry is investing; Ralston Purina is saving. d. Henry is saving; Ralston Purina is inve ...
THE EFFECT OF INTEREST RATE, INFLATION RATE, GDP, ON
... investors usually decide to invest in certain selected companies. Shahmoradi and Baghbanyan (2011) concentrated on the determining factors of foreign direct investment inflows in developing countries, study was conducted for the period 1990-2007. Obamuyi and Olorunfemi (2011) examined the implicatio ...
... investors usually decide to invest in certain selected companies. Shahmoradi and Baghbanyan (2011) concentrated on the determining factors of foreign direct investment inflows in developing countries, study was conducted for the period 1990-2007. Obamuyi and Olorunfemi (2011) examined the implicatio ...
January 2007 Implications for Fiscal Policy and Cross-Country Differences
... from its level in the unconstrained optimum. A tighter tax constraint reflects weaker fiscal institutions and lowers the equilibrium growth rate. This implies that otherwise identical countries have lower growth rates if they have larger tax distortions evidenced, for example, by larger discrepancie ...
... from its level in the unconstrained optimum. A tighter tax constraint reflects weaker fiscal institutions and lowers the equilibrium growth rate. This implies that otherwise identical countries have lower growth rates if they have larger tax distortions evidenced, for example, by larger discrepancie ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES Stephen G. Cecchetti
... continue to argue about the potential for government tax and expenditure policies to stabilize the economy, and the decades-long debate over the exact nature of the monetary transmission mechanism continues. It is as impossible now to give detailed advice to policymakers about when and by how much t ...
... continue to argue about the potential for government tax and expenditure policies to stabilize the economy, and the decades-long debate over the exact nature of the monetary transmission mechanism continues. It is as impossible now to give detailed advice to policymakers about when and by how much t ...
Some Observations on the Great Depression
... developed to account for secular growth. With the natural extension to include the labor-leisure decision, the theory has proved successful in accounting for phenomena other than what it was designed to explain. For example, the theory predicts well the behavior of the U.S. economy during World War ...
... developed to account for secular growth. With the natural extension to include the labor-leisure decision, the theory has proved successful in accounting for phenomena other than what it was designed to explain. For example, the theory predicts well the behavior of the U.S. economy during World War ...
UNEXPECTED CONVERGENCE:
... However, this possibility is not very seriously entertained by many economists. The finding of income convergence among the club of the rich countries (Western Europe and its offshoots—to use Maddison’s terminology) during the earlier period of globalization 1870-1913 provides empirical support for ...
... However, this possibility is not very seriously entertained by many economists. The finding of income convergence among the club of the rich countries (Western Europe and its offshoots—to use Maddison’s terminology) during the earlier period of globalization 1870-1913 provides empirical support for ...
Growth and Poverty Eradication
... the top income strata (in some cases only the top 1 per cent) have been the biggest (or even the only) winners from boom conditions, capturing higher rentier incomes through capital gains and interest payments than would have been possible under more regulated financial structures. Capital mobility ...
... the top income strata (in some cases only the top 1 per cent) have been the biggest (or even the only) winners from boom conditions, capturing higher rentier incomes through capital gains and interest payments than would have been possible under more regulated financial structures. Capital mobility ...
presentación
... commodity prices • Disaster risk management •Economic participation of women •Energy efficiency & climate change • Sub-national , sectoral, or programmatic lending and knowledge services • Fee-based services • South-South/North-South knowledge sharing e.g. Brazil-Africa • Global engagement (COP 16, ...
... commodity prices • Disaster risk management •Economic participation of women •Energy efficiency & climate change • Sub-national , sectoral, or programmatic lending and knowledge services • Fee-based services • South-South/North-South knowledge sharing e.g. Brazil-Africa • Global engagement (COP 16, ...
07 HF DSM LCG JULY 2011
... billions of dollars a quarter, and has a savings rate of over 50%. Presumably, there will be large losses on loans and real estate. But unlike Western nations, the Chinese central government has trillions of dollars in cash reserves to deal with such challenges when and if they arise. Back in the US ...
... billions of dollars a quarter, and has a savings rate of over 50%. Presumably, there will be large losses on loans and real estate. But unlike Western nations, the Chinese central government has trillions of dollars in cash reserves to deal with such challenges when and if they arise. Back in the US ...
Industrial Development of India in Pre and Post Reform Period
... The slowdown of industrial growth in three consecutive years was mainly due to the poor performance of electricity generation, mining, and decline in agriculture production in 1997-98. It also affected rural incomes which directly resulted in lower demand for certain industrial product, capital mark ...
... The slowdown of industrial growth in three consecutive years was mainly due to the poor performance of electricity generation, mining, and decline in agriculture production in 1997-98. It also affected rural incomes which directly resulted in lower demand for certain industrial product, capital mark ...
Economic growth
Economic growth is the increase in the inflation-adjusted market value of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Of more importance is the growth of the ratio of GDP to population (GDP per capita, which is also called per capita income). An increase in growth caused by more efficient use of inputs (such as physical capital, population, or territory) is referred to as intensive growth. GDP growth caused only by increases in the amount of inputs available for use is called extensive growth.In economics, ""economic growth"" or ""economic growth theory"" typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at ""full employment"". As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic development process particularly in low-income countries.Growth is usually calculated in real terms – i.e., inflation-adjusted terms – to eliminate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of goods produced. Measurement of economic growth uses national income accounting. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.