Slide 1
... Historical patterns show protracted period of sluggishness following booms Sources: IMF, International Financial Statistics; and staff calculations. Note: Unweighted average of real credit growth around boom years identified between 1983 and 2008. Credit was deflated by the CPI index. Boom year in s ...
... Historical patterns show protracted period of sluggishness following booms Sources: IMF, International Financial Statistics; and staff calculations. Note: Unweighted average of real credit growth around boom years identified between 1983 and 2008. Credit was deflated by the CPI index. Boom year in s ...
Is inequality good for growth?
... • If a person is employed, then they accumulate human capital (one year of work experience is greater than depreciation of the capital) • If the person is unemployed, then the capital depreciates quickly • This model explains the South African labour market – While there has been an increase in year ...
... • If a person is employed, then they accumulate human capital (one year of work experience is greater than depreciation of the capital) • If the person is unemployed, then the capital depreciates quickly • This model explains the South African labour market – While there has been an increase in year ...
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... activity, the total activity rate goes from 70 percent in the North to 52 percent in the South, with the Centre in between at 67.2 percent. The relative difference increases when we consider females only. In this case, the activity rate goes from 62.6 percent in the North to only 39.1 percent in the ...
... activity, the total activity rate goes from 70 percent in the North to 52 percent in the South, with the Centre in between at 67.2 percent. The relative difference increases when we consider females only. In this case, the activity rate goes from 62.6 percent in the North to only 39.1 percent in the ...
Positive Attitude: A Guarantee for Success in Employment
... supposed to comply with the demands of social development, to proceed from the actual conditions, to keep up with the times, to establish the sense of self-improvement, self-independence and self-confidence, to face up to their weaknesses, to exert their advantages according to social demands and th ...
... supposed to comply with the demands of social development, to proceed from the actual conditions, to keep up with the times, to establish the sense of self-improvement, self-independence and self-confidence, to face up to their weaknesses, to exert their advantages according to social demands and th ...
The Impact of the New Economic Model on Latin America`s Agriculture
... agricultural labor over the last two and a half decades (1970±94 2) has been a solid 2.3% 3 (mainly due to a stagnation of agricultural labor from a regional point of view), much higher than in the nonagricultural sector, where it actually was slightly negative ()0.3%). This notwithstanding, labor p ...
... agricultural labor over the last two and a half decades (1970±94 2) has been a solid 2.3% 3 (mainly due to a stagnation of agricultural labor from a regional point of view), much higher than in the nonagricultural sector, where it actually was slightly negative ()0.3%). This notwithstanding, labor p ...
Bamyan Draft Tourism Development Policy
... Demand Side No marketing efforts No market research available Tourist arrivals on ‘word-of-mouth’ publicity ...
... Demand Side No marketing efforts No market research available Tourist arrivals on ‘word-of-mouth’ publicity ...
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... Measurement issues Cross-country comparisons of public sectors commonly use gross expenditure or revenue measures as a share of GDP, cf. Figure 4.1. This approach is problematic since it neglects important institutional differences; see Adema et al. (2011). Some countries pursue a gross principle wh ...
... Measurement issues Cross-country comparisons of public sectors commonly use gross expenditure or revenue measures as a share of GDP, cf. Figure 4.1. This approach is problematic since it neglects important institutional differences; see Adema et al. (2011). Some countries pursue a gross principle wh ...
The Asian Model - Iowa State University Department of Economics
... The Meiji Restoration refers to the period when Japanese economy was opened up to Western technology. – Japan opened the door to foreign trade, equality of classes, eliminated feudal guilds, divided agricultural estates among the peasants, instituted monetary taxes and established businesses and sup ...
... The Meiji Restoration refers to the period when Japanese economy was opened up to Western technology. – Japan opened the door to foreign trade, equality of classes, eliminated feudal guilds, divided agricultural estates among the peasants, instituted monetary taxes and established businesses and sup ...
Global Watch June 2003 special issue
... consumption is overheated and that the Thai economy is nearing the state of ‘bubble’ economy. 2. The following four factors can be cited as the forces supporting strong consumption; 1) improvement in employment environment, 2) effect of low interest rates, 3) expansion of personal finance market, an ...
... consumption is overheated and that the Thai economy is nearing the state of ‘bubble’ economy. 2. The following four factors can be cited as the forces supporting strong consumption; 1) improvement in employment environment, 2) effect of low interest rates, 3) expansion of personal finance market, an ...
FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY OF THE VIETNAMESE ECONOMY IN TRANSITION
... economy in Viet Nam. The Asian financial crisis, which originated in Thailand and expanded to other East Asian countries, led to trade and investment disruptions. The Vietnamese economy was not directly hit by this crisis, thanks to strong capital controls. However, the reduction in foreign direct i ...
... economy in Viet Nam. The Asian financial crisis, which originated in Thailand and expanded to other East Asian countries, led to trade and investment disruptions. The Vietnamese economy was not directly hit by this crisis, thanks to strong capital controls. However, the reduction in foreign direct i ...
Public- Private Dialogue in Nigeria: Myth or reality
... collaborate with the private sector to hasten development. Similarly, the 10th Nigerian Economic Summit with the theme: "Partnership for Growth and Transformation" was an attempt to regenerate and invigorate sustained PPD and collaboration process in a democratic setting. Again, the 12th Nigerian Ec ...
... collaborate with the private sector to hasten development. Similarly, the 10th Nigerian Economic Summit with the theme: "Partnership for Growth and Transformation" was an attempt to regenerate and invigorate sustained PPD and collaboration process in a democratic setting. Again, the 12th Nigerian Ec ...
ANALYTICAL SUMMARY Javier MARTÍNEZ PEINADO “The
... way to undertake regressive social adjustments and impose new discipline standards in labor & wage terms, coming back to neoliberalism basics of 1970s. Public intervention is growingly been contested across Europe, and the Eurozone, seeking to establish a new asymmetric economy governance, shifting ...
... way to undertake regressive social adjustments and impose new discipline standards in labor & wage terms, coming back to neoliberalism basics of 1970s. Public intervention is growingly been contested across Europe, and the Eurozone, seeking to establish a new asymmetric economy governance, shifting ...
Economics Principles and Applications
... important characteristic of the economy in long-run • Output tends toward its potential, full-employment level on its own, with no need for government to steer the economy toward ...
... important characteristic of the economy in long-run • Output tends toward its potential, full-employment level on its own, with no need for government to steer the economy toward ...
Discussant remarks – ISIC 75 Turnover/output
... – Sweden. The growth of the sector has primarily been driven by an increased insurance rate for pets. – Netherlands. Business Sentiment Survey, do the expectations indicators show the same trend as Turnover or GDP? – Japan. From the statistics of the sector, as the collected by the economic ...
... – Sweden. The growth of the sector has primarily been driven by an increased insurance rate for pets. – Netherlands. Business Sentiment Survey, do the expectations indicators show the same trend as Turnover or GDP? – Japan. From the statistics of the sector, as the collected by the economic ...
EconomicOutlook2016M05
... briefs. The first quarterly data of 2016 reveals that recovery in investment stands out and a moderate progress in consumption persists. Nonetheless, government spending exhibits a sharp decline. As for investment, significant increases are seen in import of investment goods and its production; howe ...
... briefs. The first quarterly data of 2016 reveals that recovery in investment stands out and a moderate progress in consumption persists. Nonetheless, government spending exhibits a sharp decline. As for investment, significant increases are seen in import of investment goods and its production; howe ...
The stock-flow consistent approach
... which tracks income flows and the money/debt stock through time, ...
... which tracks income flows and the money/debt stock through time, ...
full version pdf of speech here
... Second World War, and Bill Hewlett was 36 at the time. Most of the household names are either older than you think, or haven‟t made any money yet. Facebook is five years old, employs only 700 people, and makes no money. The meat of the economy, on any measure – employment, GDP, tax revenues – is in ...
... Second World War, and Bill Hewlett was 36 at the time. Most of the household names are either older than you think, or haven‟t made any money yet. Facebook is five years old, employs only 700 people, and makes no money. The meat of the economy, on any measure – employment, GDP, tax revenues – is in ...
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... Not all services are environmentally benign, but many services such as education and health care typically have less environmental impact than goods production. This formulation also assumes that investment in natural capital is wisely managed; for example, replacement of natural forest with plantat ...
... Not all services are environmentally benign, but many services such as education and health care typically have less environmental impact than goods production. This formulation also assumes that investment in natural capital is wisely managed; for example, replacement of natural forest with plantat ...
Answer: B
... Answer: Import substitution promotes that economic activity in which the country is relatively inefficient. This lowers the real income at any given time and decreases the resources which can be used for investment purposes, hence lower growth rates. An additional answer is that import substitution ...
... Answer: Import substitution promotes that economic activity in which the country is relatively inefficient. This lowers the real income at any given time and decreases the resources which can be used for investment purposes, hence lower growth rates. An additional answer is that import substitution ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).