The Public Sector, Privatization, and Development in Sub
... "Public sector employment is half of all modern sector employment, compared with only onethird in Asia. Allowing the country size, public enterprises are more numerous than in most other developing countries, and they engage in a wider array of activities. Public investment accounts for the bulk of ...
... "Public sector employment is half of all modern sector employment, compared with only onethird in Asia. Allowing the country size, public enterprises are more numerous than in most other developing countries, and they engage in a wider array of activities. Public investment accounts for the bulk of ...
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... export orders caused by the world economic slowdown was responsible for this development. It was further intensified by the deteriorating price competitiveness of the Chinese economy. In real effective terms, the Chinese currency appreciated by about 15 percent since the start of 2008. Most segments ...
... export orders caused by the world economic slowdown was responsible for this development. It was further intensified by the deteriorating price competitiveness of the Chinese economy. In real effective terms, the Chinese currency appreciated by about 15 percent since the start of 2008. Most segments ...
OECD Labour Markets In the Great Recession
... • If we predict where structural change would have taken employment levels (by extrapolating 2000-07 trends for two years) we get completely different story • Making this correction also implies that the recession caused a lot more job losses: aggregate employment was on an upward trend C A Pissarid ...
... • If we predict where structural change would have taken employment levels (by extrapolating 2000-07 trends for two years) we get completely different story • Making this correction also implies that the recession caused a lot more job losses: aggregate employment was on an upward trend C A Pissarid ...
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM)
... The relationship between the financial development and economic growth is not a new invention. Many researches have been carried out to conceptualize how the development and the structure of the financial sector can affect savings mobilization, investment, , capital accumulation, technological advan ...
... The relationship between the financial development and economic growth is not a new invention. Many researches have been carried out to conceptualize how the development and the structure of the financial sector can affect savings mobilization, investment, , capital accumulation, technological advan ...
Is Turkish Capitalism Consistent with Capitalist Globalization
... obscuring the country of origin, and they affect all national economies, in areas such as employment conditions, profit repatriation, currencies, and levels of local production. 3 While Sklair emphasises the importance of transnational capital and TNCs in a global system, Robinson’s emphasis is on t ...
... obscuring the country of origin, and they affect all national economies, in areas such as employment conditions, profit repatriation, currencies, and levels of local production. 3 While Sklair emphasises the importance of transnational capital and TNCs in a global system, Robinson’s emphasis is on t ...
chp11 - Vassar economics
... remaining, the bands around parity were widened to 15 percent, and their very width meant that although the EMS survived, it could no longer be regarded as a truly fixed parity arrangement. Despite the disruption to the system and the threat to the EMU, the leaders of the member nations resolved to i ...
... remaining, the bands around parity were widened to 15 percent, and their very width meant that although the EMS survived, it could no longer be regarded as a truly fixed parity arrangement. Despite the disruption to the system and the threat to the EMU, the leaders of the member nations resolved to i ...
Japan`s Changes in Industrial Structure and Economic Growth
... The United States: With the gradual repayment of excessive debt on housing loans associated with the global financial crisis, consumption now has some chance to recover. However, there is now evident pressure on the growth rate from the “fiscal cliff,” or the spending cuts and tax increases for redu ...
... The United States: With the gradual repayment of excessive debt on housing loans associated with the global financial crisis, consumption now has some chance to recover. However, there is now evident pressure on the growth rate from the “fiscal cliff,” or the spending cuts and tax increases for redu ...
... unemployment is a complex phenomenon. Unemployment is referred to a situation where an individual who is physically able, mentally alert and intellectually sound is willing to employ these qualities to earn a living lacks the opportunity to do so (Lawanson, 2007). A nation can enjoy a high standard ...
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... ongoing basis with the same commodities produced by other regions are efficiently cultivated commodity in terms of technology, social economy and has comparative or competitive advantages. The concept of comparative advantage theory was proposed by David Ricardo. What form the background of this the ...
... ongoing basis with the same commodities produced by other regions are efficiently cultivated commodity in terms of technology, social economy and has comparative or competitive advantages. The concept of comparative advantage theory was proposed by David Ricardo. What form the background of this the ...
Is growth good for the poor? Thailand`s boom and bust
... So began a major review article entitled ``Growth hides rising poverty'', appearing in the Thai press at the end of 1995[1]. The article appeared at what proved subsequently to be the end of a sustained period of economic growth in Thailand, one of the most dramatic economic booms experienced anywhe ...
... So began a major review article entitled ``Growth hides rising poverty'', appearing in the Thai press at the end of 1995[1]. The article appeared at what proved subsequently to be the end of a sustained period of economic growth in Thailand, one of the most dramatic economic booms experienced anywhe ...
Structural Change in an Open Economy
... the decline in manufacturing in most developed countries. Indeed, Autor, Dorn, and Hanson ...
... the decline in manufacturing in most developed countries. Indeed, Autor, Dorn, and Hanson ...
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... Pacific basin economies, again with reference to Table 1 and Fig. lB. Among the high-income industrial market economies, New Zealand and the U.S. exceed the parity level with ratios around 1.5 since, in their agricultural sectors, the output shares are higher than the labor shares. Australia and Can ...
... Pacific basin economies, again with reference to Table 1 and Fig. lB. Among the high-income industrial market economies, New Zealand and the U.S. exceed the parity level with ratios around 1.5 since, in their agricultural sectors, the output shares are higher than the labor shares. Australia and Can ...
Intermediate Macroeconomics
... – Real GDP values goods and services at constant prices – Nominal GDP values goods and services at current prices – Real GDP – a better measure of economic well-being – Real GDP rises only when the amount of goods and services produced in the economy rises – Nominal GDP can rise because output has i ...
... – Real GDP values goods and services at constant prices – Nominal GDP values goods and services at current prices – Real GDP – a better measure of economic well-being – Real GDP rises only when the amount of goods and services produced in the economy rises – Nominal GDP can rise because output has i ...
BBA II Semester Subject: - Economics II
... are “between jobs” or are looking for their first jobs. It is a kind of unemployment that occurs when the economy is trying to match people and jobs correctly. So, if you get fired for poor work, if you quit because you dislike your job, or if you are just looking for your first job, you are frictio ...
... are “between jobs” or are looking for their first jobs. It is a kind of unemployment that occurs when the economy is trying to match people and jobs correctly. So, if you get fired for poor work, if you quit because you dislike your job, or if you are just looking for your first job, you are frictio ...
UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR Q1 2009 North West Summary Report
... for Surviving the Downturn’ a guide to help businesses plan survival strategies and activities which could help them in facing the current economic challenges. It provides businesses with practical help and topics to discuss within their management teams as well as with their advisors. The findings ...
... for Surviving the Downturn’ a guide to help businesses plan survival strategies and activities which could help them in facing the current economic challenges. It provides businesses with practical help and topics to discuss within their management teams as well as with their advisors. The findings ...
Gender Statistics
... the production of goods and services, as defined by the SNA 1993 during a specified period.” Implications • SNA Production boundary defines what activities are considered as economic and thus, who are considered to be economically active • Guarantees consistency between activity concepts of employme ...
... the production of goods and services, as defined by the SNA 1993 during a specified period.” Implications • SNA Production boundary defines what activities are considered as economic and thus, who are considered to be economically active • Guarantees consistency between activity concepts of employme ...
Accounting for the ‘Little Divergence’
... The Industrial Revolution is arguably the most important break in global economic history, separating a world of at best very modest improvements in real incomes from the period of ‘modern economic growth’ characterized by rapid growth of GDP per capita. The debate about this phenomenon has recently ...
... The Industrial Revolution is arguably the most important break in global economic history, separating a world of at best very modest improvements in real incomes from the period of ‘modern economic growth’ characterized by rapid growth of GDP per capita. The debate about this phenomenon has recently ...
Gross domestic product
... • Capital deepening - process of increasing the amount of capital per worker is called. Important source of growth in modern economies. • Physical capital - more equipment. • Human capital - training and education. Chapter 12 ...
... • Capital deepening - process of increasing the amount of capital per worker is called. Important source of growth in modern economies. • Physical capital - more equipment. • Human capital - training and education. Chapter 12 ...
OFW Remittances: Magic Bullet?
... say that everyone came out unscathed; there was some frictional unemployment during the crisis and sometime after. Now that most economies are seen to be recovering, remittances likewise have a stable outlook; in fact, it is forecasted that there will be an uptick in the number of deployed workers ...
... say that everyone came out unscathed; there was some frictional unemployment during the crisis and sometime after. Now that most economies are seen to be recovering, remittances likewise have a stable outlook; in fact, it is forecasted that there will be an uptick in the number of deployed workers ...
Transformation in economics
Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).