• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
A Global Economy with Multiple Growth Poles
A Global Economy with Multiple Growth Poles

Homework #5
Homework #5

... about what you are saying about yourself when you do any work for someone else! 1. Use the Keynesian Model to answer this set of questions. Suppose that in the economy we are analyzing that the consumption function is given as C = 100 + .5(Y – T) and that taxes are autonomous and equal to $40 millio ...
Chapter 13 power point
Chapter 13 power point

...  Changes in economic conditions that increase or decrease the productivity of capital and labor.  We will take a closer look at different kinds of real shocks: • Weather • Oil shocks • Other shocks including wars, terrorist attacks, major new regulations, mass strikes, tax changes, and new technol ...
Understing Innovation book - Economic Growth and Distribution
Understing Innovation book - Economic Growth and Distribution

... The most direct employment impact of innovation is found in the firms that introduce them, and the evidence available suggests that firms innovating in products, but also in processes, grow faster and are more likely to expand their employment than non -innovative ones, regardless of industry, size ...
Fiscal Policy in an Unemployment Crisis
Fiscal Policy in an Unemployment Crisis

The Social Value of Employment and the Redistributive Imperative for Development
The Social Value of Employment and the Redistributive Imperative for Development

... engage with their community in a manner that engenders a sense of identity and belonging to a collective endeavour and shared social objectives. In other words, work is valued for multifaceted reasons and serves multifaceted functions, some of which are clearly economic (understood in a restrictive ...
Unemployment, NAIRU and the Phillips Curve
Unemployment, NAIRU and the Phillips Curve

... rate of 2% and a level of national will start pressures to rise again push and inflation the economy up to 3.75%. will end income giving an unemployment rate upProducers inofthe long try run toinexpand aforposition output withbut at ...
Real Exchange Rate Undervaluation: Static Losses, Dynamic Gains
Real Exchange Rate Undervaluation: Static Losses, Dynamic Gains

UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR Q1 2009 West Midlands Summary Report
UK BUSINESS CONFIDENCE MONITOR Q1 2009 West Midlands Summary Report

... for Surviving the Downturn’ a guide to help businesses plan survival strategies and activities which could help them in facing the current economic challenges. It provides businesses with practical help and topics to discuss within their management teams as well as with their advisors. The findings ...
External Influences on Output: an Industry Analysis
External Influences on Output: an Industry Analysis

... domestic demand, and find that the effect of foreign aggregate demand on Australian exports can be high, particularly when the foreign-income elasticity of demand for Australian exports is high, as happens to be the case for Japan and the United States. They also found that the stock market in the U ...
Why Does Government Grow? Stephen Kirchner
Why Does Government Grow? Stephen Kirchner

... • There are problems in reconciling theories of government growth with theories of government size. • Many of the theories of government growth are observationally equivalent, making it difficult to distinguish empirically between different hypotheses. These hypotheses also need not be mutually ex ...
Trends in Soviet Labour Productivity, 1928–1985: War, Postwar Recovery, and Slowdown*
Trends in Soviet Labour Productivity, 1928–1985: War, Postwar Recovery, and Slowdown*

... persisted. During the war, the capital stock was damaged or depreciated, and since the destruction of physical assets was proportionately more severe than the demographic loss the capital–labour ratio probably fell; but this makes postwar investments abnormally profitable, so that investment is enco ...
- UM Students` Repository
- UM Students` Repository

... economic parity between the predominant Malays (Bumiputra) and the predominant Chinese. This policy was announced in 1971 under the Second Malaysia Plan (SMP).2 Two major objectives of NEP were: (i) to eradicate poverty regardless of race and (ii) restructure society by eliminating the identificatio ...
Globalisation: Definitions and Perspectives
Globalisation: Definitions and Perspectives

PDF
PDF

... economy and it has a number of adverse effects in the economy. The economy suffers a reduction in the consumer expenditures that affect the business and production activities of the market, unemployment hampers the job market, inflation brings along higher prices and lower purchasing power, there is ...
The Impact of Local Government Expenditure Efficiency on
The Impact of Local Government Expenditure Efficiency on

... Rahmah Yabbar ...
A theory of countercyclical government multiplier
A theory of countercyclical government multiplier

... public employment, the government posts additional vacancies. Furthermore, ­increasing p­ ublic employment mechanically reduces the number of job seekers. Therefore, increasing public employment raises labor market tightness—the number of vacancies per jobseeker—and makes it more costly for firms to ...
Creative Destruction - Barrow Cadbury Trust
Creative Destruction - Barrow Cadbury Trust

Tunisia`s Economic Challenges
Tunisia`s Economic Challenges

Impact Of Government Expenditure On Gross Domestic Product In
Impact Of Government Expenditure On Gross Domestic Product In

PPT
PPT

... The primary components of GDP are consumption, government spending, business investment, and net exports. Consumer spending is critical to continued growth hence the reason that consumer confidence is such a closely watched statistic. • The most recent numbers indicate that the U.S. economy has slow ...
77 II.  Economic performance of the developing countries of the... Table 10a.  Sri Lanka.  Resources balance, 1974-1979
77 II. Economic performance of the developing countries of the... Table 10a. Sri Lanka. Resources balance, 1974-1979

... annual per capita increases in GDP remained comparatively high. 10. In the island developing economies of the Pacific listed in table 1, growth rates during the ...
Focus Germany: Outlook 2017: Solid, despite
Focus Germany: Outlook 2017: Solid, despite

The Cyclically Adjusted Budget: History and Exegesis of a Fateful
The Cyclically Adjusted Budget: History and Exegesis of a Fateful

Chapter 1 - How will Australia change over next 40
Chapter 1 - How will Australia change over next 40

< 1 ... 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 ... 547 >

Transformation in economics



Transformation in economics refers to a long-term change in dominant economic activity in terms of prevailing relative engagement or employment of able individuals.Human economic systems undergo a number of deviations and departures from the ""normal"" state, trend or development. Among them are Disturbance (short-term disruption, temporary disorder), Perturbation (persistent or repeated divergence, predicament, decline or crisis), Deformation (damage, regime change, loss of self-sustainability, distortion), Transformation (long-term change, restructuring, conversion, new “normal”) and Renewal (rebirth, transmutation, corso-ricorso, renaissance, new beginning).Transformation is a unidirectional and irreversible change in dominant human economic activity (economic sector). Such change is driven by slower or faster continuous improvement in sector productivity growth rate. Productivity growth itself is fueled by advances in technology, inflow of useful innovations, accumulated practical knowledge and experience, levels of education, viability of institutions, quality of decision making and organized human effort. Individual sector transformations are the outcomes of human socio-economic evolution.Human economic activity has so far undergone at least four fundamental transformations:From nomadic hunting and gathering (H/G) to localized agricultureFrom localized agriculture (A) to internationalized industryFrom international industry (I) to global servicesFrom global services (S) to public sector (including government, welfare and unemployment, GWU)This evolution naturally proceeds from securing necessary food, through producing useful things, to providing helpful services, both private and public (See H/G→A→I→S→GWU sequence in Fig. 1). Accelerating productivity growth rates speed up the transformations, from millennia, through centuries, to decades of the recent era. It is this acceleration which makes transformation relevant economic category of today, more fundamental in its impact than any recession, crisis or depression. The evolution of four forms of capital (Indicated in Fig. 1) accompanies all economic transformations.Transformation is quite different from accompanying cyclical recessions and crises, despite the similarity of manifested phenomena (unemployment, technology shifts, socio-political discontent, bankruptcies, etc.). However, the tools and interventions used to combat crisis are clearly ineffective for coping with non-cyclical transformations. The problem is whether we face a mere crisis or a fundamental transformation (globalization→relocalization).
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report