Implementing measures to manage the rapid deterioration of the Arctic
... size of the sea ice in the Arctic has reached its lowest level since its record low in 2007. According to the Polar Science Center, the volume of Arctic ice has decreased by 40% over the past 3 decades. If the melting of Arctic ice continues at its current rate, according to the NSIDC, we could have ...
... size of the sea ice in the Arctic has reached its lowest level since its record low in 2007. According to the Polar Science Center, the volume of Arctic ice has decreased by 40% over the past 3 decades. If the melting of Arctic ice continues at its current rate, according to the NSIDC, we could have ...
Living within a Carbon Budget
... Dr Sylvia Knight and Harriet Pearson for assisting the team in production of this report. ...
... Dr Sylvia Knight and Harriet Pearson for assisting the team in production of this report. ...
Why Explore Venus Now - Lunar and Planetary Institute
... and perhaps even to identify terrestrial processes which would otherwise be missed. Hunten (1992) reviewed the Pioneer Venus results on the presence of water vapor on Venus, and proposed in “Lessons for Earth” that the model examining the greenhouse effect in a steam atmosphere on Earth as might res ...
... and perhaps even to identify terrestrial processes which would otherwise be missed. Hunten (1992) reviewed the Pioneer Venus results on the presence of water vapor on Venus, and proposed in “Lessons for Earth” that the model examining the greenhouse effect in a steam atmosphere on Earth as might res ...
Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in the European Union
... The tourist industry has been characterised by spectacular growth in the last half century, increasing from 25 million international tourist arrivals in 1950 to 922 million in 2009 (Figure 6). This corresponds to an annual average global growth rate of 6.8%. By 2020, international tourist arrivals a ...
... The tourist industry has been characterised by spectacular growth in the last half century, increasing from 25 million international tourist arrivals in 1950 to 922 million in 2009 (Figure 6). This corresponds to an annual average global growth rate of 6.8%. By 2020, international tourist arrivals a ...
Climate Public Expenditure and Institutional Revies
... Executive Summary Fiji is on the front lines of climate change. Increased droughts, floods and extreme events such as cyclones affect every sector of Fiji’s economy and impact employment levels, the availability of natural resources and resilience to disasters. As such, Fiji is proactively creating ...
... Executive Summary Fiji is on the front lines of climate change. Increased droughts, floods and extreme events such as cyclones affect every sector of Fiji’s economy and impact employment levels, the availability of natural resources and resilience to disasters. As such, Fiji is proactively creating ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES A PRECAUTIONARY TALE OF UNCERTAIN TAIL FATTENING
... A striking feature of the economics of climate change is that worst-case scenarios are both highly unsure and non-negligible. Deep structural uncertainty about what might conceivably go awry with the planet is coupled with essentially unlimited downside liability on the ultimate extent of possible g ...
... A striking feature of the economics of climate change is that worst-case scenarios are both highly unsure and non-negligible. Deep structural uncertainty about what might conceivably go awry with the planet is coupled with essentially unlimited downside liability on the ultimate extent of possible g ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES USING AUCTION, RETAIL, AND WHOLESALE PRICES
... Eiswein, Auslese, Spätlese, Kabinett, Quality Wine), and (2) their regions, we have interacted the temperature variable with each of these categories in order to produce quality- and region-specific temperature coefficient estimates. Quality Wine from the Upper Mosel serves as reference. It is appar ...
... Eiswein, Auslese, Spätlese, Kabinett, Quality Wine), and (2) their regions, we have interacted the temperature variable with each of these categories in order to produce quality- and region-specific temperature coefficient estimates. Quality Wine from the Upper Mosel serves as reference. It is appar ...
Module 12 Arctic Biodiversity in a Global Context
... on the peninsula and oceanic islands is precipitation comparable to most other cold regions (40 cm rain equivalents). Radiation is another distinction between the three regions. Being at relatively low latitudes, the alpine areas have much longer summers and usually year-round daylight. The low prec ...
... on the peninsula and oceanic islands is precipitation comparable to most other cold regions (40 cm rain equivalents). Radiation is another distinction between the three regions. Being at relatively low latitudes, the alpine areas have much longer summers and usually year-round daylight. The low prec ...
Climate trends in the Arctic as observed from space
... mainly positive. Unusually high positive values are shown over sea ice but these are mainly in areas where the summer ice edges have been retreating in recent years. There are also some negative trends, predominantly located in parts of Siberia and in the Bering Sea, that are associated primarily wi ...
... mainly positive. Unusually high positive values are shown over sea ice but these are mainly in areas where the summer ice edges have been retreating in recent years. There are also some negative trends, predominantly located in parts of Siberia and in the Bering Sea, that are associated primarily wi ...
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... The consequences of climate change on mangrove ecosystems are assessed below, identifying the processes that will respond to climate change, the direction of community response, the maximum rates of change that can be withstood, and implications for management and planning in mangrove areas. ...
... The consequences of climate change on mangrove ecosystems are assessed below, identifying the processes that will respond to climate change, the direction of community response, the maximum rates of change that can be withstood, and implications for management and planning in mangrove areas. ...
Warm Arctic*cold continents: climate impacts of the
... Recent Arctic changes are likely due to coupled Arctic amplification mechanisms with increased linkage between Arctic climate and sub-Arctic weather. Historically, sea ice grew rapidly in autumn, a strong negative radiative feedback. But increased sea-ice mobility, loss of multi-year sea ice, enhanc ...
... Recent Arctic changes are likely due to coupled Arctic amplification mechanisms with increased linkage between Arctic climate and sub-Arctic weather. Historically, sea ice grew rapidly in autumn, a strong negative radiative feedback. But increased sea-ice mobility, loss of multi-year sea ice, enhanc ...
Different characteristics of cold day and cold surge frequency over
... not be able to be simply induced by a general warming. Walsh et al. [2001] claimed that despite recent global warming, there is no long‐term trend toward fewer cold surge occurrences in Europe and the United States in historical observations. However, so far, no study has documented the influence of ...
... not be able to be simply induced by a general warming. Walsh et al. [2001] claimed that despite recent global warming, there is no long‐term trend toward fewer cold surge occurrences in Europe and the United States in historical observations. However, so far, no study has documented the influence of ...
iudf urban risk draft - Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs
... risk reduction objectives and strategies. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), for instance, stresses the linkages, while in 2010 signatories to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agreed to the Cancún Adaptation Framework. This calls for “climate chan ...
... risk reduction objectives and strategies. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), for instance, stresses the linkages, while in 2010 signatories to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) agreed to the Cancún Adaptation Framework. This calls for “climate chan ...
some good sustainable development practices
... Learning from the achievements in this field during the last decade, the Law on Efficient Use of Energy was passed by the National Assembly in 2010 and became effective in early 2011. In order to further promote this process, Viet Nam has been actively developing the Green Growth Strategy which is e ...
... Learning from the achievements in this field during the last decade, the Law on Efficient Use of Energy was passed by the National Assembly in 2010 and became effective in early 2011. In order to further promote this process, Viet Nam has been actively developing the Green Growth Strategy which is e ...
Effects of Heat Stress on Working Populations when Facing Climate
... in 2007 stated clearly that ‘warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level’. Data records clearly show that the eleven years between 1 ...
... in 2007 stated clearly that ‘warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice and rising global average sea level’. Data records clearly show that the eleven years between 1 ...
The Role of Local Institutions in Adaptation to Climate Change
... LIVELIHOODS ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE Climate change will be pivotal in redefining development in the twenty-first century. How nations, societies, communities, and households respond to the impacts of climate changes and variability to which the world has already been committed will in many inst ...
... LIVELIHOODS ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE Climate change will be pivotal in redefining development in the twenty-first century. How nations, societies, communities, and households respond to the impacts of climate changes and variability to which the world has already been committed will in many inst ...
Coastal Planning, Federal Consistency, and Climate Change: A
... companies explore potential offshore sites for oil and gas exploration. At an early stage in this process, environmental impacts are considered under NEPA. Coastal states are made aware of the possible environmental impacts, which must include analysis of potential effects on identified coastal reso ...
... companies explore potential offshore sites for oil and gas exploration. At an early stage in this process, environmental impacts are considered under NEPA. Coastal states are made aware of the possible environmental impacts, which must include analysis of potential effects on identified coastal reso ...
Changing Communities: Changing Climate,
... heat wave and are beyond the normal range of activity. They can be the result of sudden and drastic changes in temperature, precipitation and sea-level or they may be the result of a more gradual, but prolonged, shift in temperature or precipitation that is beyond the normal range. Such events inclu ...
... heat wave and are beyond the normal range of activity. They can be the result of sudden and drastic changes in temperature, precipitation and sea-level or they may be the result of a more gradual, but prolonged, shift in temperature or precipitation that is beyond the normal range. Such events inclu ...
Implications of global change for Important Bird Areas in South Africa
... least one of four criteria. It should hold (1) significant numbers of one or more species of global conservation concern, (2) significant populations of one or more restricted-range species (those with global distributions of < 50,000 km2), (3) a significant component of a group of species whose dis ...
... least one of four criteria. It should hold (1) significant numbers of one or more species of global conservation concern, (2) significant populations of one or more restricted-range species (those with global distributions of < 50,000 km2), (3) a significant component of a group of species whose dis ...
Consortium for Permafrost Ecosystems in Transition
... (2010) and Hayes (2010) report that an estimated 1200 to >4000 m3 of water are needed per fracture, which among other environmental concerns, represents a major demand on surface water and groundwater availability. This significant industrial demand must be managed effectively relative to the regio ...
... (2010) and Hayes (2010) report that an estimated 1200 to >4000 m3 of water are needed per fracture, which among other environmental concerns, represents a major demand on surface water and groundwater availability. This significant industrial demand must be managed effectively relative to the regio ...
Chapter 7: Human Health
... disease) and vectors are moving northward into Canada and will likely continue to expand their range. In addition, new research suggests climate change will exacerbate air pollution issues in some parts of Canada, although further reductions of air contaminant emissions could offset climate change i ...
... disease) and vectors are moving northward into Canada and will likely continue to expand their range. In addition, new research suggests climate change will exacerbate air pollution issues in some parts of Canada, although further reductions of air contaminant emissions could offset climate change i ...
key parameters for trend detection
... While observations of surface climate are essential, detailed information on the three-dimensional state of the atmosphere is necessary to ensure that we can understand and predict climate on all scales. The specific variables of interest are upper-air temperature, wind, humidity, clouds and the ear ...
... While observations of surface climate are essential, detailed information on the three-dimensional state of the atmosphere is necessary to ensure that we can understand and predict climate on all scales. The specific variables of interest are upper-air temperature, wind, humidity, clouds and the ear ...
An Economic Analysis of Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations
... All of the eight sectors examined will have impacts from climate change, and for all sectors a range of adaptations is available. Because New York State is a coastal state and is highly developed, the largest direct impacts and costs are likely to be associated with coastal areas. Among the sectors ...
... All of the eight sectors examined will have impacts from climate change, and for all sectors a range of adaptations is available. Because New York State is a coastal state and is highly developed, the largest direct impacts and costs are likely to be associated with coastal areas. Among the sectors ...
Progress report on WESTPAC activities since its seventh session
... models. This could be done initially through experiments in a small number of countries, using their existing regional/local data and high resolution modelling capabilities. If this project is successful it will constitute a test case and will work to encourage other countries to participate. The in ...
... models. This could be done initially through experiments in a small number of countries, using their existing regional/local data and high resolution modelling capabilities. If this project is successful it will constitute a test case and will work to encourage other countries to participate. The in ...
- The Climate Institute
... and has also committed, internationally, to consider post-2030 emissions reductions targets at this time. It will do so, not only as other nations step up their activities in line with their commitments under the Paris climate agreement, but also as the global investor community becomes increasingly ...
... and has also committed, internationally, to consider post-2030 emissions reductions targets at this time. It will do so, not only as other nations step up their activities in line with their commitments under the Paris climate agreement, but also as the global investor community becomes increasingly ...