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IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)
IOSR Journal of VLSI and Signal Processing (IOSR-JVSP)

... sources like solar, wind, biomass, tidal, fuel cell, vibration etc. into usable electrical energy. This process is done by means of energy harvesters which transform the ambient energy into electrical energy [5] [6]. Energy Harvesting Systems (EHS) are not able to work without Power Converter circui ...
Aalborg Universitet Wind Power Plant
Aalborg Universitet Wind Power Plant

... Recently, Marquardt and Lesnicar have proposed a new converter topology referred to as the 'modular multi-level converter' for the VSC converter [5]. In the MMC, several elementary switching sub-modules are stacked together to attain the required dc operating voltage. Unlike other high­ voltage VSC ...
E2V Technologies CX1725A, CX1725AX Air Cooled, Hollow Anode
E2V Technologies CX1725A, CX1725AX Air Cooled, Hollow Anode

... are observed. E2V Technologies does not accept responsibility for damage or injury resulting from the use of electronic devices it produces. Equipment manufacturers and users must ensure that adequate precautions are taken. Appropriate warning labels and notices must be provided on equipments incorp ...
Transmission Lines
Transmission Lines

... • It is quite common to use subtransmission voltages to transport power over medium distances (i.e., across large populated areas) or to transport power over long distances if the total current requirement is low, such as for serving less populated areas that are far away. • The higher transmission ...
- International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering
- International Journal of Innovative Science, Engineering

... IGBT’s has led to the transmission of power based on Voltage source converters (VSCs). HVDC lightweight is additionally known as voltage source converter HVDC or VSC HVDC. HVDC lightweight will management each active and reactive power severally while not commutation failure within the inverters, ea ...
Aalborg Universitet Connection of Large Offshore Wind Farms
Aalborg Universitet Connection of Large Offshore Wind Farms

... The needs to improve the voltage waveform and reduce switching losses have led to the development of multi-level converters [31]. The advancement of multi-level converters is considered a major step toward VSC applications for high power HVDC transmission [10]. These converters provide a number of l ...
Power Quality Problems and New Solutions
Power Quality Problems and New Solutions

... Even the most advanced transmission and distribution systems are not able to provide electrical energy with the desired level of reliability for the proper functioning of the loads in modern society. Modern T&D (transmission and distribution) systems are projected for 99,9 to 99,99% availability. Th ...
electric power transmission
electric power transmission

... different approaches, viz. the philosophy of outdoor switchgear in Russia and that of hybrid SF6–insulated switchgear in Japan. Both sets of major substation apparatus, however, call for further operational development and, very much like the case was with 735–800 kV equipment earlier, for various i ...
Title A Design Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Permanent Magnet Wind
Title A Design Fuzzy Logic Controller for a Permanent Magnet Wind

... Abstract: In this paper, a design fuzzy logic controller for a variable speed permanent magnet wind generator connected to a grid system through a LC-filter is proposed. A new current control method of grid side conversion is developed by integrating the fuzzy controller, in which both active and re ...
A Novel Inter Connection of DFIG with Grid in Logic Control
A Novel Inter Connection of DFIG with Grid in Logic Control

... The DFIG-based wind turbine system is one of the main variable-speed wind power systems Nowadays, variable speed wind turbines with a DFIG directly connected to the grid are widely used in the field. For the dynamic feature, the DFIG becomes the most popular generator for wind power generation syste ...
Pepco Holdings` Distributed Energy Resources
Pepco Holdings` Distributed Energy Resources

... Innovations in Solar Energy (SUNRISE) ...
Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Webinar
Distributed Energy Resources (DER) Webinar

... Innovations in Solar Energy (SUNRISE) ...
Paper
Paper

... cables, towers and sub stations between the generating station and consumers and facilitates the interconnection of electrical generation plants on a global scale. It has more freedom of choice of both receiver and transmitters. Even mobile transmitters and receivers can be chosen for the WPT system ...
HQ2213311336
HQ2213311336

... transmission over more than 80-120 km is technically not feasible due to reactive power limitations. Then, long distance HVDC transmissions with overhead lines were built as they are more economical than transmissions with AC lines [5]. To interconnect systems operating at different frequencies, Bac ...
Engineering Challenges in Wind Turbine Design
Engineering Challenges in Wind Turbine Design

... • Increasing Dependence on Wind Power – Large Grids with Significant Penetration of Wind Power • Modern variable speed wind turbine-generators do not contribute to system inertia • System inertia declines as wind generation displaces synchronous generators (which are de-committed) • Result is deeper ...
System reliability
System reliability

... fault on one of the circuits when both circuits are in service and a transient fault when the system is already depleted with one circuit under maintenance/outage. Accordingly, 3 pole opening (100 msec) of the faulted circuit shall be considered when both circuits are assumed in operation ( single p ...
PRC-023-1 * Transmission Relay Loadability
PRC-023-1 * Transmission Relay Loadability

... of the line. R1.3.2. An impedance at each end of the line, which reflects the actual system source impedance with a 1.05 per unit voltage behind each source impedance. R1.4. Set transmission line relays on series compensated transmission lines so they do not operate at or below the maximum power tra ...
PSCAD Simulation of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems and Total
PSCAD Simulation of Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Systems and Total

... be converted into a three phase AC power using a three phase inverter. IT is part of inverters task to keep the DC voltage across its input (DC-DC converters output) at a constant value. In this PSCAD model, the three phase inverter consists of a simple P and Q regulation circuit, a firing pulse gen ...
wireless and carrier communication based smart metering
wireless and carrier communication based smart metering

... extremely large. The algorithm starts from a completely empty network, with all switches open and all loads detached. Load points are attached one by one by switching branches onto the current sub tree. It involves the term Distributed generation (DG) refers to electricity that is produced at or nea ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)

... Turbulence) code. The FAST code is a comprehensive aero elastic simulator capable of predicting both the extreme and fatigue loads of two and three bladed horizontal-axis wind turbines [8]. This simulator has been chosen for validation because in 2005, it was evaluated by German ischer Lloyd Wind En ...
Aalborg Universitet A Harmonic Current Suppression Control Strategy for Droop-Controlled Inverter
Aalborg Universitet A Harmonic Current Suppression Control Strategy for Droop-Controlled Inverter

... Therefore, a harmonic grid-feeding current suppression strategy of GF-VCI is discussed in [11], the regular multiple PR controllers are used as voltage controller to deal with harmonic current issue. However, the influence of grid frequency deviation resulting from load disturbance is not considere ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSRJEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSRJEEE)

... Power quality monitoring systems are capable of detecting disturbances by means of Mathematical Morphology (MM) very quickly. Yet, the signal under examination is frequently corrupted by noises, and the performance of the MM would be greatly degraded. Sen Ouyang and Jianhua Wang [12] have presented ...
International Electrical Engineering Journal (IEEJ) Vol. 5 (2014) No.12, pp. 1673-1679
International Electrical Engineering Journal (IEEJ) Vol. 5 (2014) No.12, pp. 1673-1679

... that the active powers at different frequencies are independent from each other and the voltage or current at one frequency has no influence on the active power at other frequencies. The independence of the active power at different frequencies gives the possibility that a converter without a power ...


... It is reported that the global installed photovoltaic (PV) capacity hit a new record by the beginning of 2013, being over 100 GW [1]. The development of single-phase PV systems connected to the public grid has been booming progressively in recent years as well, mainly due to the attractive feed-in t ...
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)
IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE)

... power continuously if the combined capacity of loads are not capable of absorbing the full amount of power generated. The right amount of energy should be produce that would meet the demand, while not to overstress the sources. The sharing can certainly be realized by adding an explicit communicatio ...
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Electrical grid



An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from suppliers to consumers. It consists of generating stations that produce electrical power, high-voltage transmission lines that carry power from distant sources to demand centers, and distribution lines that connect individual customers.Power stations may be located near a fuel source, at a dam site, or to take advantage of renewable energy sources, and are often located away from heavily populated areas. They are usually quite large to take advantage of the economies of scale. The electric power which is generated is stepped up to a higher voltage at which it connects to the electric power transmission network.The bulk power transmission network will move the power long distances, sometimes across international boundaries, until it reaches its wholesale customer (usually the company that owns the local electric power distribution network).On arrival at a substation, the power will be stepped down from a transmission level voltage to a distribution level voltage. As it exits the substation, it enters the distribution wiring. Finally, upon arrival at the service location, the power is stepped down again from the distribution voltage to the required service voltage(s).
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