The Nervous System
... 3. Impulse moves across synapse (tiny space between one neuron’s axon and another’s dendrites) with the help of neurotransmitters This is an image of neurons located in the cerebral cortex of a hamster. ...
... 3. Impulse moves across synapse (tiny space between one neuron’s axon and another’s dendrites) with the help of neurotransmitters This is an image of neurons located in the cerebral cortex of a hamster. ...
The Nervous System
... • The cerebrum -- which is just Latin for "brain" -- is the newest (evolutionarily) and largest part of the brain as a whole. It is here that things like perception, imagination, thought, judgment, and decision occur. • The surface of the cerebrum -- the cerebral cortex -- is composed of six thin l ...
... • The cerebrum -- which is just Latin for "brain" -- is the newest (evolutionarily) and largest part of the brain as a whole. It is here that things like perception, imagination, thought, judgment, and decision occur. • The surface of the cerebrum -- the cerebral cortex -- is composed of six thin l ...
Biopsychology and the Foundations of
... It involves the endocrine glands: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. ...
... It involves the endocrine glands: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. ...
Presentation
... It involves the endocrine glands: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. ...
... It involves the endocrine glands: pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pancreas, ovaries, and testes. ...
Chapter 13
... • Reticular formation – major component of the reticular activating system (RAS) that ...
... • Reticular formation – major component of the reticular activating system (RAS) that ...
The Brain and Behaviour
... to the primary auditory cortex and connected to Broca’s area by a bundle of nerves is called Wernicke’s area. Wernicke’s area is involved with comprehension of speech; more specifically, with interpreting the sounds of human speech. When a word is heard, the auditory sensation is processed by the pr ...
... to the primary auditory cortex and connected to Broca’s area by a bundle of nerves is called Wernicke’s area. Wernicke’s area is involved with comprehension of speech; more specifically, with interpreting the sounds of human speech. When a word is heard, the auditory sensation is processed by the pr ...
ChapTer 3 - Physicians for Social Responsibility
... Basic Neuroanatomy: Subsections of the Brain and Their Functions ...
... Basic Neuroanatomy: Subsections of the Brain and Their Functions ...
REGULATION
... acetylcholine and norepinephrine, is released into the synaptic cleft (space between 2 neurons). B. The electrical impulse is now converted into a chemical response that stimulates the adjoining neuron to receive the transmitted impulse. C. Once the impulse has been transmitted, cholinesterase break ...
... acetylcholine and norepinephrine, is released into the synaptic cleft (space between 2 neurons). B. The electrical impulse is now converted into a chemical response that stimulates the adjoining neuron to receive the transmitted impulse. C. Once the impulse has been transmitted, cholinesterase break ...
Comparative approaches to cortical microcircuits
... Cortical microcircuits are particularly difficult to compare (across brain areas as well as across animal species), in great part because we still understand little about them and the coding principles that they express. (It is useful to remember here that we know the architecture of cerebellum in e ...
... Cortical microcircuits are particularly difficult to compare (across brain areas as well as across animal species), in great part because we still understand little about them and the coding principles that they express. (It is useful to remember here that we know the architecture of cerebellum in e ...
The Nervous System
... • Brain & spinal cord make up the central nervous system • Coordinates all of the body s activities ...
... • Brain & spinal cord make up the central nervous system • Coordinates all of the body s activities ...
Sensory Deprivation on Neuroplasticity
... • The cerebral cortex (responds to experience and is responsible for movement, memory, learning, and all sensory input) of the enriched rats was significantly heavier and thicker. • There was greater activity of the nervous system enzyme acetylcholinesterase found in the brain tissue of the enriched ...
... • The cerebral cortex (responds to experience and is responsible for movement, memory, learning, and all sensory input) of the enriched rats was significantly heavier and thicker. • There was greater activity of the nervous system enzyme acetylcholinesterase found in the brain tissue of the enriched ...
Chapter 10 THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
... them to the cell body • Axon – conducts impulses away from the nerve cell • Terminal end fibers – lead the nervous impulse away from the axon and toward the synapse. ...
... them to the cell body • Axon – conducts impulses away from the nerve cell • Terminal end fibers – lead the nervous impulse away from the axon and toward the synapse. ...
LESSON 1.2 WORKBOOK How does brain structure impact its function?
... in the periphery via sensory neurons first enter the spinal cord and then pass into the brain. Then once the brain has decided on a response, output from the brain passes into the spinal cord before it exits to the somatic or autonomic peripheral motor neurons in the periphery. The central nervous s ...
... in the periphery via sensory neurons first enter the spinal cord and then pass into the brain. Then once the brain has decided on a response, output from the brain passes into the spinal cord before it exits to the somatic or autonomic peripheral motor neurons in the periphery. The central nervous s ...
Vertebrate Zoology BIOL 322/Nervous System Ch 33 and Brain
... 1. dura mater – outermost, thick, white, completely encases the brain and spinal cord ...
... 1. dura mater – outermost, thick, white, completely encases the brain and spinal cord ...
ANPS 019 Beneyto 11-06
... information from, and sends motor commands to, the opposite side of the body • Although similar in structure, the 2 hemispheres have different functions (e.g., language on left, face recognition on right) • Specific regions of the cerebral cortex have specific functions, but there is overlap in func ...
... information from, and sends motor commands to, the opposite side of the body • Although similar in structure, the 2 hemispheres have different functions (e.g., language on left, face recognition on right) • Specific regions of the cerebral cortex have specific functions, but there is overlap in func ...
neurotransmitter
... • There are dozens of different neurotransmitters (NT) in the neurons of the body. • NTs can be either excitatory or inhibitory • Each neuron generally synthesizes and releases a single type of neurotransmitter • The major neurotransmitters are indicated on the next slide. ...
... • There are dozens of different neurotransmitters (NT) in the neurons of the body. • NTs can be either excitatory or inhibitory • Each neuron generally synthesizes and releases a single type of neurotransmitter • The major neurotransmitters are indicated on the next slide. ...
The Process of Forming Perceptions
... happening in new and unfamiliar situations, • If the situation is new you will not be able to transfer enough detail to understand exactly what is happening, but you can use your judgment, your imagination to make an inference about what is happening, ...
... happening in new and unfamiliar situations, • If the situation is new you will not be able to transfer enough detail to understand exactly what is happening, but you can use your judgment, your imagination to make an inference about what is happening, ...
Sensory Systems
... • The brain is programmed to maintain equilibrium. When the brain is faced with a new experience, it subconsciously/ subcortically and/or consciously/cortically evaluates the experience. If the experience is understood in the light of previous experiences remembered by the brain, it gets a little e ...
... • The brain is programmed to maintain equilibrium. When the brain is faced with a new experience, it subconsciously/ subcortically and/or consciously/cortically evaluates the experience. If the experience is understood in the light of previous experiences remembered by the brain, it gets a little e ...
CE7427: Cognitive Neuroscience and Embedded Intelligence
... unconscious mind, but his theory has never been verified in scientific way. ...
... unconscious mind, but his theory has never been verified in scientific way. ...
Human brain
The human brain is the main organ of the human nervous system. It is located in the head, protected by the skull. It has the same general structure as the brains of other mammals, but with a more developed cerebral cortex. Large animals such as whales and elephants have larger brains in absolute terms, but when measured using a measure of relative brain size, which compensates for body size, the quotient for the human brain is almost twice as large as that of a bottlenose dolphin, and three times as large as that of a chimpanzee. Much of the size of the human brain comes from the cerebral cortex, especially the frontal lobes, which are associated with executive functions such as self-control, planning, reasoning, and abstract thought. The area of the cerebral cortex devoted to vision, the visual cortex, is also greatly enlarged in humans compared to other animals.The human cerebral cortex is a thick layer of neural tissue that covers most of the brain. This layer is folded in a way that increases the amount of surface that can fit into the volume available. The pattern of folds is similar across individuals, although there are many small variations. The cortex is divided into four lobes – the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. (Some classification systems also include a limbic lobe and treat the insular cortex as a lobe.) Within each lobe are numerous cortical areas, each associated with a particular function, including vision, motor control, and language. The left and right sides of the cortex are broadly similar in shape, and most cortical areas are replicated on both sides. Some areas, though, show strong lateralization, particularly areas that are involved in language. In most people, the left hemisphere is dominant for language, with the right hemisphere playing only a minor role. There are other functions, such as visual-spatial ability, for which the right hemisphere is usually dominant.Despite being protected by the thick bones of the skull, suspended in cerebrospinal fluid, and isolated from the bloodstream by the blood–brain barrier, the human brain is susceptible to damage and disease. The most common forms of physical damage are closed head injuries such as a blow to the head, a stroke, or poisoning by a variety of chemicals which can act as neurotoxins, such as ethanol alcohol. Infection of the brain, though serious, is rare because of the biological barriers which protect it. The human brain is also susceptible to degenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease, (mostly as the result of aging) and multiple sclerosis. A number of psychiatric conditions, such as schizophrenia and clinical depression, are thought to be associated with brain dysfunctions, although the nature of these is not well understood. The brain can also be the site of brain tumors and these can be benign or malignant.There are some techniques for studying the brain that are used in other animals that are just not suitable for use in humans and vice versa. It is easier to obtain individual brain cells taken from other animals, for study. It is also possible to use invasive techniques in other animals such as inserting electrodes into the brain or disabling certains parts of the brain in order to examine the effects on behaviour – techniques that are not possible to be used in humans. However, only humans can respond to complex verbal instructions or be of use in the study of important brain functions such as language and other complex cognitive tasks, but studies from humans and from other animals, can be of mutual help. Medical imaging technologies such as functional neuroimaging and EEG recordings are important techniques in studying the brain. The complete functional understanding of the human brain is an ongoing challenge for neuroscience.