Western Greece and Ionian Sea petroleum systems
... represents the breakup unconformity of the postrift sequence in the Ionian Basin. Longstanding differential subsidence during the deposition of the Vigla limestones, as shown by the marked variations in the thickness of this formation, was probably caused by continued halokinesis of the basal Ionian ...
... represents the breakup unconformity of the postrift sequence in the Ionian Basin. Longstanding differential subsidence during the deposition of the Vigla limestones, as shown by the marked variations in the thickness of this formation, was probably caused by continued halokinesis of the basal Ionian ...
The Relevance of Brittle Fault Zones in Tunnel Construction
... 3. Brittle Fault Zones Deformation at shallow depths in the crust results in the formation of brittle fault zones. The main characteristics of this deformation process is the crushing of rocks and the reduction of grain size without mineralogical or chemical alteration taking place (HEITZMANN, 1985; ...
... 3. Brittle Fault Zones Deformation at shallow depths in the crust results in the formation of brittle fault zones. The main characteristics of this deformation process is the crushing of rocks and the reduction of grain size without mineralogical or chemical alteration taking place (HEITZMANN, 1985; ...
A Pictorial Guide to Metamorphic Rocks in the Field
... If cleavage planes occur throughout the rock, spaced on the scale of the mineral grains, it is referred to as a homogeneous or penetrative cleavage (Fig. 15.1C, and the first cleavage surface in E). If the planes are distinct and spaced more widely apart, they are referred to as a spaced cleavage (F ...
... If cleavage planes occur throughout the rock, spaced on the scale of the mineral grains, it is referred to as a homogeneous or penetrative cleavage (Fig. 15.1C, and the first cleavage surface in E). If the planes are distinct and spaced more widely apart, they are referred to as a spaced cleavage (F ...
Chi, G., Liu, Y. and Dube, B. 2009. Relationship between CO2
... The Red Lake greenstone belt is one of the foremost Au mining camps in Canada and hosts the world-class Campbell-Red Lake Au deposit. Belt-scale hydrothermal alteration is characterized by proximal ferroan dolomite zones associated with Au mineralization surrounded by distal calcite zones, both bein ...
... The Red Lake greenstone belt is one of the foremost Au mining camps in Canada and hosts the world-class Campbell-Red Lake Au deposit. Belt-scale hydrothermal alteration is characterized by proximal ferroan dolomite zones associated with Au mineralization surrounded by distal calcite zones, both bein ...
tension cracks parallel with the axial plane
... Whether they are lenticular or elongated in the direction of the fold axis is impossible to decide on the flat surface. The lenses consist of feldspar and quartz. Farther northwest on the shore of Haraholm, an occurrence of varved gneiss contains pegmatite lenses with a much greater length— breadth ...
... Whether they are lenticular or elongated in the direction of the fold axis is impossible to decide on the flat surface. The lenses consist of feldspar and quartz. Farther northwest on the shore of Haraholm, an occurrence of varved gneiss contains pegmatite lenses with a much greater length— breadth ...
VEIN-STOCKWORK TIN, TUNGSTEN
... Vein-stockwork deposits of tin and tungsten occur in a wide variety of structural styles that include individual veins, multiple vein systems, vein and fracture stockworks, breccias, and replacement zones in altered wall rocks adjacent to veins. The deposits generally occur in or near granitic intru ...
... Vein-stockwork deposits of tin and tungsten occur in a wide variety of structural styles that include individual veins, multiple vein systems, vein and fracture stockworks, breccias, and replacement zones in altered wall rocks adjacent to veins. The deposits generally occur in or near granitic intru ...
Unraveling the alteration history of the basement rocks along the P2
... • Arsenian pyrite (1-2.5 wt% As) occurs with uraninite • Inclusions of Mg-rich chlorite in As-pyrite • Pyrite and ore hosted in Fe-rich ...
... • Arsenian pyrite (1-2.5 wt% As) occurs with uraninite • Inclusions of Mg-rich chlorite in As-pyrite • Pyrite and ore hosted in Fe-rich ...
2012 Americas School of Mines
... The addition of saline groundwater, seawater, or meteoric water to magma creates a hydrothermal system, essentially a hot (>200C) brine, which can dissolve and transport large quantities of metals and other elements. As a hydrothermal solution moves upwards, it cools and undergoes a pressure decrea ...
... The addition of saline groundwater, seawater, or meteoric water to magma creates a hydrothermal system, essentially a hot (>200C) brine, which can dissolve and transport large quantities of metals and other elements. As a hydrothermal solution moves upwards, it cools and undergoes a pressure decrea ...
OPAQUE OXIDES IN SOME ROCKS OF THE BASEMENT
... rutile and hematite in occasionalspecimensfrom Western Australia and Olary, South Australia, in some of which the rutile is in excessand crystallized first as coarsecrystals, the sub-graphic intergrowths between this pair of oxides in the ilmenite lamellae of the Babiang partially altered hornblende ...
... rutile and hematite in occasionalspecimensfrom Western Australia and Olary, South Australia, in some of which the rutile is in excessand crystallized first as coarsecrystals, the sub-graphic intergrowths between this pair of oxides in the ilmenite lamellae of the Babiang partially altered hornblende ...
Unusual nickel and copper to noble
... tive to the high-MgO tholeiite from which the rocks are formed, which is consistent with the petrographic observations that these rocks are olivine and bronzite cumulates with minor chro mite. The relative position of the Tverrfjell and Eiterdalen samples suggests either that the liquid from which ...
... tive to the high-MgO tholeiite from which the rocks are formed, which is consistent with the petrographic observations that these rocks are olivine and bronzite cumulates with minor chro mite. The relative position of the Tverrfjell and Eiterdalen samples suggests either that the liquid from which ...
La Caridad Porphyry Cu-Mo Deposit: A Complete Hydrothermal
... A High sulfidation event that represent the latest alteration stages and the collapse of the system, affected the central part of the pit and is represented by quartz-tennantite-chalcopyrite-pyritesericite veinlets. Lead-zinc-silver mineralization was emplaced as peripheral veins during the final st ...
... A High sulfidation event that represent the latest alteration stages and the collapse of the system, affected the central part of the pit and is represented by quartz-tennantite-chalcopyrite-pyritesericite veinlets. Lead-zinc-silver mineralization was emplaced as peripheral veins during the final st ...
Permian Cyclic Strata, Northern Midland and Delaware Basins, West
... clayrock and siltrock. Nodular anhydrite commonly is associated with dolomite. Stromatolitic algae produce most of the characteristic laminae. Supratidal and intertidal flats were bordered by extremely wide lagoons which, during normal sea level, probably extended 10-150 mi shelfward. Lagoonal beds ...
... clayrock and siltrock. Nodular anhydrite commonly is associated with dolomite. Stromatolitic algae produce most of the characteristic laminae. Supratidal and intertidal flats were bordered by extremely wide lagoons which, during normal sea level, probably extended 10-150 mi shelfward. Lagoonal beds ...
Tourmaline Isotopes: No Element Left Behind
... remain the sole geologic witnesses. Tourmaline is a stable detrital mineral and is relatively abundant in mature clastic sediments, forming an important source of information in provenance studies. Unfortunately, subduction-related fluids are not the sole carriers of isotopically heavy B. Tourmaline ...
... remain the sole geologic witnesses. Tourmaline is a stable detrital mineral and is relatively abundant in mature clastic sediments, forming an important source of information in provenance studies. Unfortunately, subduction-related fluids are not the sole carriers of isotopically heavy B. Tourmaline ...
Southern Urals CONTENTS Age and tectonic/structural setting
... Magnitogorsk island arc which shows first alkaline basalts, then cherts, sandstones, slope facies, axial facies derived from the arc, and associated plutonic rocks. High pressure metamorphism at 376.5 Ma indicated the time when the East European craton was at its deepest within the subduction zone. ...
... Magnitogorsk island arc which shows first alkaline basalts, then cherts, sandstones, slope facies, axial facies derived from the arc, and associated plutonic rocks. High pressure metamorphism at 376.5 Ma indicated the time when the East European craton was at its deepest within the subduction zone. ...
ZINCIAN SPINEL ASSOCIATED WITH METAMORPHOSED
... Zincian spinel [(Zn,Fe,Mg)Al2O4] is an accessory mineral in a variety of rock types, in particular, metamorphosed massivesulfide deposits, pegmatites, aluminous metasedimentary rocks, skarns, marbles, and sulfide-bearing granulites. Textural and compositional studies of zincian spinel in thirteen Pr ...
... Zincian spinel [(Zn,Fe,Mg)Al2O4] is an accessory mineral in a variety of rock types, in particular, metamorphosed massivesulfide deposits, pegmatites, aluminous metasedimentary rocks, skarns, marbles, and sulfide-bearing granulites. Textural and compositional studies of zincian spinel in thirteen Pr ...
constraints, geotectonic setting and basin development Saxo
... 1996; Murphy et al. 2004). Studies of U/Pb-ages from detrital zircon grains have suggested that the Saxo-Thuringian Zone, the Tepla-Barrandian Unit and the Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif show a West African provenance (Linnemann et al. 2000, 2004; Gehmlich 2003; Tichomirowa 2003; Drost et a ...
... 1996; Murphy et al. 2004). Studies of U/Pb-ages from detrital zircon grains have suggested that the Saxo-Thuringian Zone, the Tepla-Barrandian Unit and the Moldanubian Zone of the Bohemian Massif show a West African provenance (Linnemann et al. 2000, 2004; Gehmlich 2003; Tichomirowa 2003; Drost et a ...
Geology and gold mineralization of mesozoic rocks in the Pine
... keV, and counting times of 10 seconds for major and trace elements and 20 seconds for rare earth elements. Natural and synthetic minerals were used as standards and replicate analyses of standards were preformed. Precision on major and trace elements is estimated to better than 1% except for Fe and ...
... keV, and counting times of 10 seconds for major and trace elements and 20 seconds for rare earth elements. Natural and synthetic minerals were used as standards and replicate analyses of standards were preformed. Precision on major and trace elements is estimated to better than 1% except for Fe and ...
Chapter 20: Anorthosites
... Plutonic rocks with over 90% plagioclase – No known volcanic equivalents Highly felsic nature and their location in continental areas they share with granitoid rocks The felsic mineral, however, is a calcic plagioclase, which, along with associated high-temperature mafic minerals, suggests a stronge ...
... Plutonic rocks with over 90% plagioclase – No known volcanic equivalents Highly felsic nature and their location in continental areas they share with granitoid rocks The felsic mineral, however, is a calcic plagioclase, which, along with associated high-temperature mafic minerals, suggests a stronge ...
Geology and volcanic setting of the Horne deposit, Rouyn
... produced 260 t of Au and 1.13 Mt of Cu making it the largest gold producer of its class. A new mapping program has been initiated to constrain the volcanological and stratigraphic setting of the deposit and to understand the geological factors that contributed to its unusual size and gold-rich natur ...
... produced 260 t of Au and 1.13 Mt of Cu making it the largest gold producer of its class. A new mapping program has been initiated to constrain the volcanological and stratigraphic setting of the deposit and to understand the geological factors that contributed to its unusual size and gold-rich natur ...
Basalt: An Ancient Material for Innovative and Modern Applications
... Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, very hard igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase, pyroxene and magnetite minerals, Both of pyroxene and magnetite contain iron and this is the reason why they are black. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock, such as a lava flow, but can also form i ...
... Basalt is a dark-colored, fine-grained, very hard igneous rock composed mainly of plagioclase, pyroxene and magnetite minerals, Both of pyroxene and magnetite contain iron and this is the reason why they are black. It most commonly forms as an extrusive rock, such as a lava flow, but can also form i ...
Chapter 22 Evidence for Early and Mid
... glacial origin for the Atud-Nuwaybah diamictites is inferred because large clasts and matrix zircons have ages (Palaeoproterozoic and Neoarchean) and compositions (especially quartzite, arkose, and microdiamictite) that require transport from outside the ANS Cryogenian basin. Northern ANS-BIF may al ...
... glacial origin for the Atud-Nuwaybah diamictites is inferred because large clasts and matrix zircons have ages (Palaeoproterozoic and Neoarchean) and compositions (especially quartzite, arkose, and microdiamictite) that require transport from outside the ANS Cryogenian basin. Northern ANS-BIF may al ...
AbdolnaserFazlnia-Word offic file
... and Al from granitic magma toward the boundaries of mingling and mixing caused to have formed rims of biotite-calcite around granitic lenses. Mingling and mixing between layered gabbros and granites were not founded in the research. Mineral assemblages in the layered and massive gabbros consist main ...
... and Al from granitic magma toward the boundaries of mingling and mixing caused to have formed rims of biotite-calcite around granitic lenses. Mingling and mixing between layered gabbros and granites were not founded in the research. Mineral assemblages in the layered and massive gabbros consist main ...
loch loyal syenite complex
... This pluton has an oval exposure over an area of about 3 km² to the south of the main Ben Loyal mass and forms an imposing conical hill rising above the Moine rocks. On the early maps of the Geological Survey it is shown connected to the Ben Loyal intrusion in the poorly exposed ground at the head o ...
... This pluton has an oval exposure over an area of about 3 km² to the south of the main Ben Loyal mass and forms an imposing conical hill rising above the Moine rocks. On the early maps of the Geological Survey it is shown connected to the Ben Loyal intrusion in the poorly exposed ground at the head o ...
ch11 - earthjay science
... After the Acadian orogeny, carbonate sedimentation was followed by deposition of clastic sediments. Clastic sediments are thicker and coarser to the east, nearer their source area in the Acadian highlands. ...
... After the Acadian orogeny, carbonate sedimentation was followed by deposition of clastic sediments. Clastic sediments are thicker and coarser to the east, nearer their source area in the Acadian highlands. ...
Formation and Evolution of Granite Magmas During
... scattered diffuse neosome patches (Fig. 2b) in which the S1 foliation disappears and the grainsize has increased. This process only affected the leucocratic members of the grey gneiss that contain quartz, plagioclase and Kfeldspar; hence, the term palaeosome applies only to these fertile bulk compos ...
... scattered diffuse neosome patches (Fig. 2b) in which the S1 foliation disappears and the grainsize has increased. This process only affected the leucocratic members of the grey gneiss that contain quartz, plagioclase and Kfeldspar; hence, the term palaeosome applies only to these fertile bulk compos ...
Clastic rock
Clastic rocks are composed of fragments, or clasts, of pre-existing minerals and rock. A clast is a fragment of geological detritus, chunks and smaller grains of rock broken off other rocks by physical weathering. Geologists use the term clastic with reference to sedimentary rocks as well as to particles in sediment transport whether in suspension or as bed load, and in sediment deposits.