Evolution and Development
... • Behaviors and psychological phenomena have effects on the organism’s environment and thus have fitness • There are constraints on evolution of adaptations • Modularity: Different behaviors and Psychological phenomena can evolve relatively independently of each other – Different genes affect differ ...
... • Behaviors and psychological phenomena have effects on the organism’s environment and thus have fitness • There are constraints on evolution of adaptations • Modularity: Different behaviors and Psychological phenomena can evolve relatively independently of each other – Different genes affect differ ...
Standards Addressed
... Summarize the major concepts of natural selection (differential survival and reproduction of chance inherited variants, depending on environmental conditions. B5.1B Describe how natural selection provides a mechanism for evolution B5.1d Explain how a new species or variety originates through the evo ...
... Summarize the major concepts of natural selection (differential survival and reproduction of chance inherited variants, depending on environmental conditions. B5.1B Describe how natural selection provides a mechanism for evolution B5.1d Explain how a new species or variety originates through the evo ...
Unit 3 Outline - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
... Mutations are genetic changes that provide the raw material for evolutionary change. Genetic Drift Genetic drift refers to changes in the allele frequencies of gene pool due to chance. The founder effect and the bottleneck effect are both examples of genetic drift. Gene Flow Gene flow is the movemen ...
... Mutations are genetic changes that provide the raw material for evolutionary change. Genetic Drift Genetic drift refers to changes in the allele frequencies of gene pool due to chance. The founder effect and the bottleneck effect are both examples of genetic drift. Gene Flow Gene flow is the movemen ...
Frequency-Dependent Selection on a Polygenic Trait
... selection, the fitness differences between phenotypes maintained in the population being much larger than under pure stabilizing selection. ...
... selection, the fitness differences between phenotypes maintained in the population being much larger than under pure stabilizing selection. ...
Evolution and Ecology
... A. Natural history provides questions: ecology attempts to answer them. B. Scientists distinguish between two kinds of explanations for ecological phenomena, proximate and ultimate explanations (or factors, or causes). 1. A proximate explanation is the immediate cause of a phenomena. a. It explains ...
... A. Natural history provides questions: ecology attempts to answer them. B. Scientists distinguish between two kinds of explanations for ecological phenomena, proximate and ultimate explanations (or factors, or causes). 1. A proximate explanation is the immediate cause of a phenomena. a. It explains ...
Biology
... reproduce successfully – Give examples of mutations affecting an organisms phenotype that would make them more and less successful! ...
... reproduce successfully – Give examples of mutations affecting an organisms phenotype that would make them more and less successful! ...
23.4 a closer look at natural selection
... 5. Mutations are any change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism’s DNA. These mutations provide the raw material from which new traits may arise and be selected. What occurs in a point mutation? ...
... 5. Mutations are any change in the nucleotide sequence of an organism’s DNA. These mutations provide the raw material from which new traits may arise and be selected. What occurs in a point mutation? ...
Superposition Oldest on Bottom…Youngest on top
... genetic changes due to sexual reproduction and mutation 3. The environment doesn’t have enough resources to support all of the individuals that are born. 4. Some of these changes will be beneficial to an organism. These benefits lead to a stronger organism and these stronger traits are pass down to ...
... genetic changes due to sexual reproduction and mutation 3. The environment doesn’t have enough resources to support all of the individuals that are born. 4. Some of these changes will be beneficial to an organism. These benefits lead to a stronger organism and these stronger traits are pass down to ...
The genetics and bioinformatics of haploid selection We are looking
... growing evidence that genetic and epigenetic effects transferred through gametes may affect the fitness of offspring, as exemplified by very recent results produced in our lab which show provide striking evidence for an effect of sperm phenotypes on offspring fitness and establish links between thes ...
... growing evidence that genetic and epigenetic effects transferred through gametes may affect the fitness of offspring, as exemplified by very recent results produced in our lab which show provide striking evidence for an effect of sperm phenotypes on offspring fitness and establish links between thes ...
DOC
... The 2nd consequence of changes caused by natural selection occurs when the different populations in a species somehow become isolated and subjected to different environmental conditions with natural selection acting non-uniformly; so different lines of changes will occur in various combinations. In ...
... The 2nd consequence of changes caused by natural selection occurs when the different populations in a species somehow become isolated and subjected to different environmental conditions with natural selection acting non-uniformly; so different lines of changes will occur in various combinations. In ...
The Evolution of Populations
... makes to the gene pool of the next generation, relative to the contributions of other individuals. Natural selection is the only evolutionary mechanism that continually leads to adaptive ...
... makes to the gene pool of the next generation, relative to the contributions of other individuals. Natural selection is the only evolutionary mechanism that continually leads to adaptive ...
EXAM 3-A
... 34. What distinguishes a phylogenetic species? a) It has distinctive characteristics such as size, shape, or coloration. b) It represents a different twig in a phylogeny of populations. c) It is reproductively isolated from other species. 35. How does a species become evolutionary independent? a) O ...
... 34. What distinguishes a phylogenetic species? a) It has distinctive characteristics such as size, shape, or coloration. b) It represents a different twig in a phylogeny of populations. c) It is reproductively isolated from other species. 35. How does a species become evolutionary independent? a) O ...
Chapter 13 Objectives 7th edition
... Briefly summarize the history of evolutionary thought by characterizing the views of early Lamarck, Darwin, and Greek philosophers. Explain how Darwin’s voyage on the Beagle influenced his thinking. Describe the ideas and events that led to Darwin’s 1859 publication of The Origin of Species. Explain ...
... Briefly summarize the history of evolutionary thought by characterizing the views of early Lamarck, Darwin, and Greek philosophers. Explain how Darwin’s voyage on the Beagle influenced his thinking. Describe the ideas and events that led to Darwin’s 1859 publication of The Origin of Species. Explain ...
EVOLUTION
... common ancestor 2. Convergent Evolution – describes two unrelated species that share similar traits 3. Parallel Evolution – describes two unrelated species or two related lineages that have made similar evolutionary changes after their divergence from a common ancestor ...
... common ancestor 2. Convergent Evolution – describes two unrelated species that share similar traits 3. Parallel Evolution – describes two unrelated species or two related lineages that have made similar evolutionary changes after their divergence from a common ancestor ...
selection
... Challenge of Intermediate Selection: Valuation of Stage-Setting Moves • Learning in the absence of [immediate] feedback (Fang, Denrell, and Levinthal, 2004, Fang and Levinthal, 2009) – Samuels (1958): machine learning for checkers • Reward ‘stage-setting’ moves as opposed to full paths or ultimate ...
... Challenge of Intermediate Selection: Valuation of Stage-Setting Moves • Learning in the absence of [immediate] feedback (Fang, Denrell, and Levinthal, 2004, Fang and Levinthal, 2009) – Samuels (1958): machine learning for checkers • Reward ‘stage-setting’ moves as opposed to full paths or ultimate ...
Chapter 16 Evolution of Populations Reading ONLY
... of evolutionary change. In small populations, alleles can become more or less common simply by chance. This kind of change in allele frequency is called genetic drift. It occurs when individuals with a particular allele leave more descendants than other individuals, just by chance. Over time, this c ...
... of evolutionary change. In small populations, alleles can become more or less common simply by chance. This kind of change in allele frequency is called genetic drift. It occurs when individuals with a particular allele leave more descendants than other individuals, just by chance. Over time, this c ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.