Shankara
... The external world is given as a phenomenon in consciousness & is experienced as external. The existence of the external world is confirmed by all the standard means of knowledge (pramanas). [See next slide] Although consciousness is always accompanied by an object, there is a distinction between co ...
... The external world is given as a phenomenon in consciousness & is experienced as external. The existence of the external world is confirmed by all the standard means of knowledge (pramanas). [See next slide] Although consciousness is always accompanied by an object, there is a distinction between co ...
ANCIENT PHILOSOPHY LECTURE THALES, HERACLITUS
... individual things and different features of a thing or several things. His argument for this is the most difficult to decipher from his writings. But there are several ways building on Parmenides’s denial of the other things to support his denial of plurality. 1. If the world is not one Being, but m ...
... individual things and different features of a thing or several things. His argument for this is the most difficult to decipher from his writings. But there are several ways building on Parmenides’s denial of the other things to support his denial of plurality. 1. If the world is not one Being, but m ...
Pragmatism Lite - NYU Philosophy
... claim about what beliefs are; it is rather to make a historical claim about how they come into existence. The thought is that what we believe is not to be explained by the way the world is or by the available evidence, but rather by the fact that some of our beliefs turn out to be more useful than o ...
... claim about what beliefs are; it is rather to make a historical claim about how they come into existence. The thought is that what we believe is not to be explained by the way the world is or by the available evidence, but rather by the fact that some of our beliefs turn out to be more useful than o ...
chapter 2 - Robert M Wallace
... point of view of first-person decision-making that he sometimes postulated a separate “world” for each of them: the “phenomenal” world for the third-person point of view, in which actions are explained by inclinations, and the “noumenal” world for the first-person point of view, in which actions are ...
... point of view of first-person decision-making that he sometimes postulated a separate “world” for each of them: the “phenomenal” world for the third-person point of view, in which actions are explained by inclinations, and the “noumenal” world for the first-person point of view, in which actions are ...
Chapter 9 Not Knowing Mar. `10 “Ignorance is the necessary
... am about in this chapter is to show that many of the traditional exemplars of the ad ignorantiam have a discernibly Lockean cachet. In this I may be right or wrong, but one thing is clear at the outset: Proposition 9.2a THE INNOCENT AD IGNORANTIAM: In Locke’s treatment of it the ad ignorantiam is no ...
... am about in this chapter is to show that many of the traditional exemplars of the ad ignorantiam have a discernibly Lockean cachet. In this I may be right or wrong, but one thing is clear at the outset: Proposition 9.2a THE INNOCENT AD IGNORANTIAM: In Locke’s treatment of it the ad ignorantiam is no ...
Chapter One: Introduction
... Finally, chapter 7 addresses the second kind of epistemic injustice that I want to explore: hermeneutical injustice. A central case of this sort of injustice is found in the example of a woman who suffers sexual harassment prior to the time when we had this critical concept, so that she cannot prop ...
... Finally, chapter 7 addresses the second kind of epistemic injustice that I want to explore: hermeneutical injustice. A central case of this sort of injustice is found in the example of a woman who suffers sexual harassment prior to the time when we had this critical concept, so that she cannot prop ...
Does Representationalism Undermine the Knowledge Argument?
... not physically explicable. Further, nonphysicalists can accept the diaphanousness of experience. They can argue that, although one cannot attend to the phenomenal character of one’s experiences except by attending to what one’s experiences represent, experiences involve nonphysical representational ...
... not physically explicable. Further, nonphysicalists can accept the diaphanousness of experience. They can argue that, although one cannot attend to the phenomenal character of one’s experiences except by attending to what one’s experiences represent, experiences involve nonphysical representational ...
Word - John Provost, PhD
... virtues. According to these philosophers, moral sentiments like compassion and sympathy are forms of knowledge regarding moral standards that should be taken seriously. Sympathy forms the heart of our conscience and complements rather than competes with the more cognitive virtues. Sympathy involves ...
... virtues. According to these philosophers, moral sentiments like compassion and sympathy are forms of knowledge regarding moral standards that should be taken seriously. Sympathy forms the heart of our conscience and complements rather than competes with the more cognitive virtues. Sympathy involves ...
Rene Descartes Handout #1 Historical
... to raise doubt about a posteriori beliefs. There is a potential self-defeat here. There are several possible responses to this criticism of Descartes. Here is one. Although Descartes may have in fact utilized such premises, it is clear that his argument need not make these controversial assumptions ...
... to raise doubt about a posteriori beliefs. There is a potential self-defeat here. There are several possible responses to this criticism of Descartes. Here is one. Although Descartes may have in fact utilized such premises, it is clear that his argument need not make these controversial assumptions ...
Epistemic Error and Experiential Evidence
... between colors and color appearances. Their move is to simply deny that there can be knowledge of appearances, categorizing such phenomena as rainbows, prismatic refractions, and afterimages, which are uncontroversially referred to as color appearances, as color illusions, not genuine or real instan ...
... between colors and color appearances. Their move is to simply deny that there can be knowledge of appearances, categorizing such phenomena as rainbows, prismatic refractions, and afterimages, which are uncontroversially referred to as color appearances, as color illusions, not genuine or real instan ...
A novel approch to national technological accumulation and
... innovations; the institutionalised search for more important innovations with the development of R&D facilities; the conducting of basic research”. Within this definition, technological capabilities include not only the ability to search and select the most appropriate technology to be assimilated f ...
... innovations; the institutionalised search for more important innovations with the development of R&D facilities; the conducting of basic research”. Within this definition, technological capabilities include not only the ability to search and select the most appropriate technology to be assimilated f ...
Thinking Through the Body, Educating for the Humanities: A Plea for
... Besides grounding our social norms and moral values, the body is the essential medium or tool through which they are transmitted, inscribed, and preserved in society. Ethical codes are mere abstractions until they are given life through incorporation into bodily dispositions and action. Any properly ...
... Besides grounding our social norms and moral values, the body is the essential medium or tool through which they are transmitted, inscribed, and preserved in society. Ethical codes are mere abstractions until they are given life through incorporation into bodily dispositions and action. Any properly ...
is the frequent occurence, not of deformity, but of misplaced beauty
... Sophists filled this need for rhetorical training and by their teaching proved that education could make an individual a more effective citizen and improve his status in Athenian society. For these services they exacted large fees, and were, in fact, the first in Greece to take fees for teaching wis ...
... Sophists filled this need for rhetorical training and by their teaching proved that education could make an individual a more effective citizen and improve his status in Athenian society. For these services they exacted large fees, and were, in fact, the first in Greece to take fees for teaching wis ...
Review of Peter Loptson, Reality: Fundamental Topics in Metaphysics
... of the concept of identity imply that between the so-called "two" things there is a relation that might be called identity. Let us consider some cases so simple that if such a relation were present it would surely be readily discernible. I am now reading this page of my paper. Is the page I am hold ...
... of the concept of identity imply that between the so-called "two" things there is a relation that might be called identity. Let us consider some cases so simple that if such a relation were present it would surely be readily discernible. I am now reading this page of my paper. Is the page I am hold ...
THE UNTRUTH AND THE TRUTH OF SKEPTICISM
... such a relation were present it would surely be readily discernible. I am now reading this page of my paper. Is the page I am holding now in my hands the same as the page I held a few moments ago? Of course. I have no doubt that it is. But is my confidence based on my discerning a relation of ident ...
... such a relation were present it would surely be readily discernible. I am now reading this page of my paper. Is the page I am holding now in my hands the same as the page I held a few moments ago? Of course. I have no doubt that it is. But is my confidence based on my discerning a relation of ident ...
Linking Ways of Knowing with Ways of Being Practical Author(s
... practical decisions: What knowledge should be included in the curriculum; why; how should it be taught; and to whom? Schwab stresses that educational decisions are always made for concrete classroom situations, for real schools, and for ever-changing contexts. Furthermore, they are made under the co ...
... practical decisions: What knowledge should be included in the curriculum; why; how should it be taught; and to whom? Schwab stresses that educational decisions are always made for concrete classroom situations, for real schools, and for ever-changing contexts. Furthermore, they are made under the co ...
Social Consciousness
... whether our ways of thinking are in fact the true basis of the suffering we are constantly ascribing to specific ills or specific ideas and attitudes external to the thinking process. The scientific study of society has been guilty of encapsulating and enslaving minds and, consequently, has been equ ...
... whether our ways of thinking are in fact the true basis of the suffering we are constantly ascribing to specific ills or specific ideas and attitudes external to the thinking process. The scientific study of society has been guilty of encapsulating and enslaving minds and, consequently, has been equ ...
3. Hume - CSUN.edu
... impressions: horses and birds. Such an analysis of ideas will yield, according to Hume, an understanding that they are all derived by the mind’s working on the impressions provided us by our senses and experiences. British Empiricist: Hume ...
... impressions: horses and birds. Such an analysis of ideas will yield, according to Hume, an understanding that they are all derived by the mind’s working on the impressions provided us by our senses and experiences. British Empiricist: Hume ...
Counterfactuals and Modal Epistemology
... possible. In any case, in the context of Williamson’s example (CF), it is clear that we want to rule out scenarios which radically violate the true, actual laws of physics, as they would be irrelevant for our expectationforming capacities. But now the problem of cotenability strikes back. Our imagi ...
... possible. In any case, in the context of Williamson’s example (CF), it is clear that we want to rule out scenarios which radically violate the true, actual laws of physics, as they would be irrelevant for our expectationforming capacities. But now the problem of cotenability strikes back. Our imagi ...
How do logic and argument play a role in developing humour
... In the first comic strip, the humour comes from an unexpected conclusion. The conclusion is the reverse outcome of what you’d expect from the situation. Instead of arguing that the window was broken the humour comes from the fact that the person who threw the brick is annoyed that the brick was chip ...
... In the first comic strip, the humour comes from an unexpected conclusion. The conclusion is the reverse outcome of what you’d expect from the situation. Instead of arguing that the window was broken the humour comes from the fact that the person who threw the brick is annoyed that the brick was chip ...
Connectivism Blog
... response takes a bit longer than the 140 characters allowed by Twitter, so I'll tackle it here. First, a new idea is often an old idea in today's context. For example, what is the new idea in constructivism? That people construct their own knowledge? Or the social, situated nature of learning? Or th ...
... response takes a bit longer than the 140 characters allowed by Twitter, so I'll tackle it here. First, a new idea is often an old idea in today's context. For example, what is the new idea in constructivism? That people construct their own knowledge? Or the social, situated nature of learning? Or th ...
Phaedo
... It is objected by Simmias and Cebes that these arguments only prove a former and not a future existence. Socrates answers this objection by recalling the previous argument, in which he had shown that the living come from the dead. But the fear that the soul at departing may vanish into air (especial ...
... It is objected by Simmias and Cebes that these arguments only prove a former and not a future existence. Socrates answers this objection by recalling the previous argument, in which he had shown that the living come from the dead. But the fear that the soul at departing may vanish into air (especial ...
1 What is Scientific Progress? Lessons from Scientific Practice Moti
... The medical sciences are mutually interdependent. Progress in one field is often closely associated with development in others. The rise in one branch of science can often have its origin in a recently made analysis within another sphere, and yet it may appear at the first glance that the former is ...
... The medical sciences are mutually interdependent. Progress in one field is often closely associated with development in others. The rise in one branch of science can often have its origin in a recently made analysis within another sphere, and yet it may appear at the first glance that the former is ...
philosophical anthropology: ernst cassirer, max
... the Cassirerian and Schelerian views is both feasible and possible. Yet it is necessary to clarify and reinterpret certain key terms involved. Suffice it to say at the moment that at least the terms metaphysics and cultural are apparently not taken in the same light by Cassirer and Scheler. Let us f ...
... the Cassirerian and Schelerian views is both feasible and possible. Yet it is necessary to clarify and reinterpret certain key terms involved. Suffice it to say at the moment that at least the terms metaphysics and cultural are apparently not taken in the same light by Cassirer and Scheler. Let us f ...
Plato's Problem
Plato's Problem is the term given by Noam Chomsky to the gap between knowledge and experience. It presents the question of how we account for our knowledge when environmental conditions seem to be an insufficient source of information. It is used in linguistics to refer to the ""argument from poverty of the stimulus"" (APS). In a more general sense, Plato's Problem refers to the problem of explaining a ""lack of input"". Solving Plato's Problem involves explaining the gap between what one knows and the apparent lack of substantive input from experience (the environment). Plato's Problem is most clearly illustrated in the Meno dialogue, in which Socrates demonstrates that an uneducated boy nevertheless understands geometric principles.