Temporal trends in the discovery of human viruses
... rate of at least approximately one per year to 2020. In this context, it is worth noting that three new species were reported in 2007: two polyoma viruses, Ki and Wu, and a reovirus, Melaka (Allander et al. 2007; Chua et al. 2007; Gaynor et al. 2007). Other viruses may have been reported but not yet ...
... rate of at least approximately one per year to 2020. In this context, it is worth noting that three new species were reported in 2007: two polyoma viruses, Ki and Wu, and a reovirus, Melaka (Allander et al. 2007; Chua et al. 2007; Gaynor et al. 2007). Other viruses may have been reported but not yet ...
MEDICAL INNOVATION: POLIO VACCINE (PHARMACEUTICAL
... virus, and can lead to severe muscle weakness, limb deformity, paralysis and death, particularly among children. Although it has been around since the beginning of human history as a source of childhood paralysis, polio was not identified as a distinct disease until the mid-19th century. Beginning a ...
... virus, and can lead to severe muscle weakness, limb deformity, paralysis and death, particularly among children. Although it has been around since the beginning of human history as a source of childhood paralysis, polio was not identified as a distinct disease until the mid-19th century. Beginning a ...
Time From Infection to Disease and
... Recall bias may introduce misclassification of the timing of exposure to EVD and the incubation period in either direction, as patients may recall exposures to known EVD patients more than with unrecognized infectious sources. The assumption that Ebola is only transmitted from patients with wet sympt ...
... Recall bias may introduce misclassification of the timing of exposure to EVD and the incubation period in either direction, as patients may recall exposures to known EVD patients more than with unrecognized infectious sources. The assumption that Ebola is only transmitted from patients with wet sympt ...
antibody response in chicks vaccinated against infectious bronchitis
... these are based on several different strategies for the detection of IBV antibodies. Usually, such test have been evaluated and validated by the manufacturer, and it is therefore important that the instruction specified for their use be followed carefully. No antibodies against IBV were found in the ...
... these are based on several different strategies for the detection of IBV antibodies. Usually, such test have been evaluated and validated by the manufacturer, and it is therefore important that the instruction specified for their use be followed carefully. No antibodies against IBV were found in the ...
Epstein-Barr virus infection and gastrointestinal diseases
... tivity in HD is extremely high in some geographical areas the role that the virus plays in their pathogenesis is still not fully understood.37 On the other hand, gastrointestinal involvement is an extremely rare event in HD and might occur as infiltration from mesenteric lymph nodes.38 Initial sympt ...
... tivity in HD is extremely high in some geographical areas the role that the virus plays in their pathogenesis is still not fully understood.37 On the other hand, gastrointestinal involvement is an extremely rare event in HD and might occur as infiltration from mesenteric lymph nodes.38 Initial sympt ...
Pathology Laboratory Air exchange Diseases
... – Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)* – Sepsis – Infectious Pneumonias – Mechanic Trauma (shock) – Extensive burns – Pancreatitis – Toxic fumes inhalation ...
... – Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS)* – Sepsis – Infectious Pneumonias – Mechanic Trauma (shock) – Extensive burns – Pancreatitis – Toxic fumes inhalation ...
Construction and in vivo infection of a new simian
... passage, starting from initially non-pathogenic SHIVs (Joag et al., 1996, 1997; Reimann et al., 1996). Using the SHIV/ monkey system, Harouse et al. (1999) demonstrated the role of co-receptor usage of HIV-1 Env for pathogenesis. Thus, SHIV/monkey systems have been valuable tools for understanding, ...
... passage, starting from initially non-pathogenic SHIVs (Joag et al., 1996, 1997; Reimann et al., 1996). Using the SHIV/ monkey system, Harouse et al. (1999) demonstrated the role of co-receptor usage of HIV-1 Env for pathogenesis. Thus, SHIV/monkey systems have been valuable tools for understanding, ...
Clinical features and pathobiology of Ebolavirus
... humans exposed 10 years previously to Ebola. A cell-based plaque assay and an end point titration assay (TCID50) have also been developed to detect and quantitate filoviruses for use in pre-clinical studies [14,15]. 5. Pathogenic mechanisms The clinical outcome of Ebolavirus infection as stated above ...
... humans exposed 10 years previously to Ebola. A cell-based plaque assay and an end point titration assay (TCID50) have also been developed to detect and quantitate filoviruses for use in pre-clinical studies [14,15]. 5. Pathogenic mechanisms The clinical outcome of Ebolavirus infection as stated above ...
Zika Information for - BC Centre for Disease Control
... Zika virus is an emerging Flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Originally found only in Africa and Asia, the virus was first reported in the Western Hemisphere in 2015 and since then its range has been steadily expanding. Zika is from the same family of viruses as Dengue and West Nile Virus t ...
... Zika virus is an emerging Flavivirus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Originally found only in Africa and Asia, the virus was first reported in the Western Hemisphere in 2015 and since then its range has been steadily expanding. Zika is from the same family of viruses as Dengue and West Nile Virus t ...
Biosafety Application
... 1. Infectious agents requiring handling conditions above Biosafety Level-1. (Biosafety Level determinations are based on the recommendations outlined by the CDC-NIH publication Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories.) 2. Toxins, Microbiological, or Chemical to be used in animal or ...
... 1. Infectious agents requiring handling conditions above Biosafety Level-1. (Biosafety Level determinations are based on the recommendations outlined by the CDC-NIH publication Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories.) 2. Toxins, Microbiological, or Chemical to be used in animal or ...
Leptospirosis Presenting as Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage Dr Mary
... airspace opacification on the chest radiograph, and a decreased hematocrit secondary to bleeding from the pulmonary microvasculature into the alveolar space. Alveolar hemorrhage can occur in the absence of typical manifestations of Weil’s disease. Respiratory system examination may be normal in mild ...
... airspace opacification on the chest radiograph, and a decreased hematocrit secondary to bleeding from the pulmonary microvasculature into the alveolar space. Alveolar hemorrhage can occur in the absence of typical manifestations of Weil’s disease. Respiratory system examination may be normal in mild ...
Slide 1
... Mediterranean, Africa, southeast Asia, and Oceania) the frequency of HBsAg carriers is very high. In these regions most of the inhabitants will eventually become infected with HBV and respond in one of the several ways already described. ...
... Mediterranean, Africa, southeast Asia, and Oceania) the frequency of HBsAg carriers is very high. In these regions most of the inhabitants will eventually become infected with HBV and respond in one of the several ways already described. ...
HERPES B-VIRUS EXPOSURE PROTOCOL
... Crested Macaque and Lion-Tailed Macaque There are two EEP programmes for macaque species managed by the Old World Monkey TAG. There are no reports of Herpes B in either Sulawesi Crested Macaque or Lion Tailed Macaque in the wild. There has been a single report of Herpes B in Lion Tailed Macaques in ...
... Crested Macaque and Lion-Tailed Macaque There are two EEP programmes for macaque species managed by the Old World Monkey TAG. There are no reports of Herpes B in either Sulawesi Crested Macaque or Lion Tailed Macaque in the wild. There has been a single report of Herpes B in Lion Tailed Macaques in ...
Fleas & Plague
... • Also called “endemic typhus” or “flea-borne typhus”, see book for other names • Rickettsial: Rickettsia typhii (different species than epidemic typhus, R. powazekii) • Flea acquires pathogen from rats, passes it in feces, feces get scratched into skin. • No obvious negative effect on flea (unlike ...
... • Also called “endemic typhus” or “flea-borne typhus”, see book for other names • Rickettsial: Rickettsia typhii (different species than epidemic typhus, R. powazekii) • Flea acquires pathogen from rats, passes it in feces, feces get scratched into skin. • No obvious negative effect on flea (unlike ...
Bats are reservoir hosts of several high
... Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Burkholderia spp., Cedecea davisae and Clostridium sordellii have been isolated from or detected in dead bats [17–19]. Artibeus bats are naturally susceptible to Histoplasma capsulatum. Experimental infection of A. literatus with H. capsulatum resulted in fatal histoplas ...
... Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Burkholderia spp., Cedecea davisae and Clostridium sordellii have been isolated from or detected in dead bats [17–19]. Artibeus bats are naturally susceptible to Histoplasma capsulatum. Experimental infection of A. literatus with H. capsulatum resulted in fatal histoplas ...
Oh No! My Joey has Herpes
... A number of medications were used to treat the symptoms of this illness viz Paracetamol for fever, Bromhexine, a mucolytic, to decrease the viscosity of nasal secretions and aid breathing, Mometasone nasal spray to reduce nasal swelling, Oxymetazoline to reduce nasal discharge, FESS nasal saline spr ...
... A number of medications were used to treat the symptoms of this illness viz Paracetamol for fever, Bromhexine, a mucolytic, to decrease the viscosity of nasal secretions and aid breathing, Mometasone nasal spray to reduce nasal swelling, Oxymetazoline to reduce nasal discharge, FESS nasal saline spr ...
RNA helicase: a novel activity associated with a protein encoded by
... can be also identified in cellular and DNA virus enzymes. The most ubiquitous of these motifs is the G/MDD motif conserved among polymerases apparently encoded by all RNA viruses (24,25). This motif has also been related with the common polymerization domain of DNA polymerases (26). Similarly, most ...
... can be also identified in cellular and DNA virus enzymes. The most ubiquitous of these motifs is the G/MDD motif conserved among polymerases apparently encoded by all RNA viruses (24,25). This motif has also been related with the common polymerization domain of DNA polymerases (26). Similarly, most ...
Week 8 Power Points
... In the 1300’s Black Death spread throughout Europe and was responsible for the deaths of one quarter of the population of Europe. The disease is believed to have started in China earlier in the century and the Chinese are thought to have used infected bodies to contaminate their ...
... In the 1300’s Black Death spread throughout Europe and was responsible for the deaths of one quarter of the population of Europe. The disease is believed to have started in China earlier in the century and the Chinese are thought to have used infected bodies to contaminate their ...
Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in
... diversification of the HA gene within this clade and subclade. A small number of clade 3C.3a viruses were also detected. Antigenic characterisation of 3C.2a viruses continued to be technically difficult because many viruses did not agglutinate red blood cells in the absence or presence of oseltamiv ...
... diversification of the HA gene within this clade and subclade. A small number of clade 3C.3a viruses were also detected. Antigenic characterisation of 3C.2a viruses continued to be technically difficult because many viruses did not agglutinate red blood cells in the absence or presence of oseltamiv ...
Amelioration of chicken infectious anaemia virus induced
... minutes each and tapped thoroughly. The unreacted sites were blocked by adding 100 μL of 5 % skimmed milk powder to each well of the plate for 1 hour at 37 ºC. The plates were again washed as mentioned above. 1: 100 single dilutions of the test serum samples were made in another 96 well microtitre p ...
... minutes each and tapped thoroughly. The unreacted sites were blocked by adding 100 μL of 5 % skimmed milk powder to each well of the plate for 1 hour at 37 ºC. The plates were again washed as mentioned above. 1: 100 single dilutions of the test serum samples were made in another 96 well microtitre p ...
Patterns of a Sylvatic Yellow Fever Virus Amplification
... humans in southeastern Senegal was initiated. The environmental factors that influence the abundance, distribution, and infection of mosquito vectors that participate in the sylvatic cycles of arboviruses, including chikungunya (CHIKV), dengue virus 2, and YFV, were investigated in this area startin ...
... humans in southeastern Senegal was initiated. The environmental factors that influence the abundance, distribution, and infection of mosquito vectors that participate in the sylvatic cycles of arboviruses, including chikungunya (CHIKV), dengue virus 2, and YFV, were investigated in this area startin ...
the refusal of recommended vaccine form.
... As the parent/guardian of __________________________, I have investigated the risks and benefits of the following vaccines and diseases. I am aware that there are documented cases of people contracting diseases for which they are clinically fully immunized and that the manufacturers of the vaccines ...
... As the parent/guardian of __________________________, I have investigated the risks and benefits of the following vaccines and diseases. I am aware that there are documented cases of people contracting diseases for which they are clinically fully immunized and that the manufacturers of the vaccines ...
Spatiotemporal environmental triggers of Ebola and Marburg virus
... (Received 19 March 2007; final version received 1 May 2008) Despite their fame, Ebola and Marburg viruses (family Filoviridae) remain mysterious. Filovirus outbreaks are restricted to tropical Africa, but their likely geographic extent has been outlined only recently, and their natural reservoir hos ...
... (Received 19 March 2007; final version received 1 May 2008) Despite their fame, Ebola and Marburg viruses (family Filoviridae) remain mysterious. Filovirus outbreaks are restricted to tropical Africa, but their likely geographic extent has been outlined only recently, and their natural reservoir hos ...
Inhibition of measles virus infection and fusion with peptides
... 20 nM (50 % inhibition). In confirmation of these results, MV plaque formation was inhibited more than 90 % by F455–490. In contrast, the yield of virus under one-step growth conditions was unaffected. However, infections at low m.o.i. (0±04 p.f.u.} cell) gave reduced yields (data not shown), presum ...
... 20 nM (50 % inhibition). In confirmation of these results, MV plaque formation was inhibited more than 90 % by F455–490. In contrast, the yield of virus under one-step growth conditions was unaffected. However, infections at low m.o.i. (0±04 p.f.u.} cell) gave reduced yields (data not shown), presum ...