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Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Disease
Pertussis (Whooping Cough) Disease

... to pertussis and are now ill. If you are not fully immunized against pertussis, call your family doctor and arrange to have your immunizations updated. What can I do to prevent pertussis? Get vaccinated! Infants, teenagers and adults should be vaccinated against whooping cough. For full protection a ...
Vaginitis - Lyndhurst School
Vaginitis - Lyndhurst School

A 34-Day-Old With Fever, Cerebrospinal Fluid
A 34-Day-Old With Fever, Cerebrospinal Fluid

Chickenpox and Shingles - Black Country Partnership NHS
Chickenpox and Shingles - Black Country Partnership NHS

...  Diagnosis can usually be reliably made on physical examination; swabs/specimens are not usually required ...
Swine Coccidians
Swine Coccidians

... This disease is the main gastrointestinal dissemination way. • When oocysts in a waste, pollution eliminated from the feed, water, soil sac or equipment etc, in suitable temperature and humidity piglets will get infectious incubation(潜伏) by the oocysts ...
13. Why Do We Fall Ill 13.1 HEALTH AND ITS FAILURE
13. Why Do We Fall Ill 13.1 HEALTH AND ITS FAILURE

... Ans. (i) Disease : When the functioning or the appearance of one or more systems of the body changes for the worse then the body is said to be suffering from some diseases. (ii) The two causes of diseases are : (a) Infectious causes, (b) Non-infectious causes (a) Infectious causes : Diseases where m ...
Campylobacter - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene
Campylobacter - International Scientific Forum on Home Hygiene

... Further information on the incidence and prevalence of Salmonella food borne infection can be found in a 2009 IFH report11 Who is at risk? Anyone can be infected by Campylobacter but those most at risk are babies, young children under 5 years of age, those over 60 and others with reduced immunity. P ...
Profibrogenic chemokines and viral evolution predict rapid
Profibrogenic chemokines and viral evolution predict rapid

... usually takes 20–40 y, but in some patients severe fibrosis can develop rapidly leading to liver-related death within 5–10 y from the onset of infection (3). Presently, it is not possible to predict which individuals will rapidly evolve to severe fibrosis and liver failure. The mechanisms responsible ...
PDF - Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science
PDF - Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science

... 1998). This is in contrast to viruses, which consist of two or three parts: (i) a helical molecule, (ii) protein coat and (iii) sometimes a viral wrapper (Hogan, 2010). Recent studies support the concept of an infectious protein (Legname et al., 2004), and no specific nucleic acid sequence has been ...
Anthrax - sciencenglish
Anthrax - sciencenglish

... Anthrax vaccine, 3-dose schedule and lot number not approved for this particular use ...
ANTHRAX AND OTHER VACCINES: USE IN THE U.S. MILITARY
ANTHRAX AND OTHER VACCINES: USE IN THE U.S. MILITARY

... – Most Public Health needs are fulfilled by the private sector – BD Vaccines similar to orphan drugs (interest from a few small to mid-size companies) ...
Communicable Disease Control Manual For Schools and Childcare
Communicable Disease Control Manual For Schools and Childcare

... Parents should be requested not to send their children to school when they are ill; should pupils become ill during school hours parents or identified carer‟s should be requested to take them home. When pupils are suffering from infectious diseases they should be excluded from school on medical grou ...
histoplasmosis paper final - Concordia University, Nebraska
histoplasmosis paper final - Concordia University, Nebraska

... fungal infection found in humans, infected around 250,000 people each year. Histoplasmosis is often asymptomatic in people with the illness, presenting symptoms in just 5% of those infected (Fayyaz, 2013). However, it is becoming an increasing significant public health concern as healthy individuals ...
Diaper Dermatitis
Diaper Dermatitis

... rashes • Understand the factors involved with ...
Aquaculture - Biosecurity The importance of biosecurity and
Aquaculture - Biosecurity The importance of biosecurity and

... detection relies on daily monitoring of water quality, general system checks and observing shrimp/fish behavior, shrimp/fish appearance and mortalities. Optimal water quality should be determined for the species being held as it may vary among species, life stages or systems. Health Diagnosis Some e ...
March/April 2000: Volume 28, Number 2 (PDF: 108KB/8 pages)
March/April 2000: Volume 28, Number 2 (PDF: 108KB/8 pages)

... That vaccine was licensed on February 17, after the 2000 schedule had been finalized. On the same day, the ACIP approved recommendations for its use. They are expected to be published this summer and will include: • Routine vaccination of all healthy children <24 months of age. • Vaccination of high ...
Streptococcus and enterococcus
Streptococcus and enterococcus

... post-streptococcal rheumatic fever. Serum antibodies can be demonstrated after streptococcal infection, particularly after severe infections. Streptolysin S is responsible for the -haemolysis around colonies on blood agar plates. It can also induce the release of lysosomal contents with subsequent ...
Simulation of a classical swine fever outbreak in rural areas of the
Simulation of a classical swine fever outbreak in rural areas of the

... simulation, values are drawn randomly from probability density functions as a simulation runs. Transmission of disease (efficient contact): The following modes of transmission are simulated: direct contact between diseased and susceptible animals, indirect contact through contaminated vehicles, equi ...
Brucellosis - WordPress.com
Brucellosis - WordPress.com

... Mediterranean countries, Middle East and Tropics • There are about 500,000 new cases diagnosed per year world wide ...
Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus
Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus

... localized tenderness of the affected finger is followed by the development of vesicular or pustular lesions. Fever, lymphadenitis, and epitrochlear and axillary lymphadenopathy are common.4 Recurrence is infrequent. HSV Infection of the Eye HSV keratoconjunctivitis is the most frequent cause of corn ...
A Shot Against MRSA? - Resources for the Future
A Shot Against MRSA? - Resources for the Future

Understanding the Twentieth Century Decline in Chronic Conditions Among Older Men.
Understanding the Twentieth Century Decline in Chronic Conditions Among Older Men.

... rheumatic fever, particularly in adults, is often accompanied by arthritis, this manifestation is generally considered to be of relatively short duration, benign in children, but painful in adults. However in rare instances a residual nonprogressive athropathy develops (Katz 1977). Musculoskeletal s ...
Number of live organisms in BCG vaccine and other related factors
Number of live organisms in BCG vaccine and other related factors

... regarding tuberculin tests among children who received BCG at birth. This study examined the influence of CFU (colony-forming unit) of BCG on tuberculin reaction in 3-month old children. ...
Bioterrorism Event - Communicable Disease Control and Prevention
Bioterrorism Event - Communicable Disease Control and Prevention

... Suspicion or likelihood of ongoing threat Known person-to-person transmission of disease Multiple modes of transmission (contact, airborne, and/or droplet) The disease is infectious before symptom onset (people infect others before they know they are ill) A high basic reproduction number (mean numbe ...
West Nile virus - Home Health Monitoring Products
West Nile virus - Home Health Monitoring Products

... Transplant patients who are being medicated against graft rejection are particularly susceptible. HIV-infected individuals are also susceptible. Whilst HHV-6 usually causes a benign, self-limiting disease in children, there are a number of cases that progress to serious life-threatening states of th ...
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Onchocerciasis



Onchocerciasis, also known as river blindness and Robles disease, is a disease caused by infection with the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus. Symptoms include severe itching, bumps under the skin, and blindness. It is the second most common cause of blindness due to infection, after trachoma.The parasite worm is spread by the bites of a black fly of the Simulium type. Usually many bites are required before infection occurs. These flies live near rivers, hence the name of the disease. Once inside a person, the worms create larvae that make their way out to the skin. Here they can infect the next black fly that bites the person. There are a number of ways to make the diagnosis including: placing a biopsy of the skin in normal saline and watching for the larva to come out, looking in the eye for larvae, and looking within the bumps under the skin for adult worms.A vaccine against the disease does not exist. Prevention is by avoiding being bitten by flies. This may include the use of insect repellent and proper clothing. Other efforts include those to decrease the fly population by spraying insecticides. Efforts to eradicate the disease by treating entire groups of people twice a year is ongoing in a number of areas of the world. Treatment of those infected is with the medication ivermectin every six to twelve months. This treatment kills the larva but not the adult worms. The medication doxycycline, which kills an associated bacterium called Wolbachia, appears to weaken the worms and is recommended by some as well. Removal of the lumps under the skin by surgery may also be done.About 17 to 25 million people are infected with river blindness, with approximately 0.8 million having some amount of loss of vision. Most infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa, although cases have also been reported in Yemen and isolated areas of Central and South America. In 1915, the physician Rodolfo Robles first linked the worm to eye disease. It is listed by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease.
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