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Global Health Surveillance—Guest Editor`s Introduction
Global Health Surveillance—Guest Editor`s Introduction

... (SARS) outbreak in 2003, the WHO International Health Regulations (IHR) required member countries to report only outbreaks of cholera, yellow fever, and plague. However, as witnessed during the SARS outbreak, a disease that was first identified in China and Hong Kong quickly spread to the United St ...
ZOONOZE
ZOONOZE

... Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Hercegovina, will become a tradition. The main topic of these Scientific symposia will be Emerging Zoonoses. Many emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, where an animal reservoir incubates pathogenic microorganism, with only occasional transmission into ...
West Nile virus in Australia - NSW Department of Primary Industries
West Nile virus in Australia - NSW Department of Primary Industries

... In Australia, disease has been limited to horses, although several cases have been suspected (though not confirmed) in dogs and alpaca. Many animals infected with WNV do not develop any clinical signs. Unlike North American strains, Australian strains of WNV have not caused disease in birds. The ear ...
IPFA Position Paper on ZIKA virus and the safety of plasma
IPFA Position Paper on ZIKA virus and the safety of plasma

... Like most flaviviruses, Zika virus is transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily Aedes aegypti. Aedes albopictus mosquitoes (also called Tiger mosquito) also might transmit the virus. Both mosquitoes are found throughout much of the Americas (including parts of the United States) and also transmit Dengue ...
Brief History of Microbiology
Brief History of Microbiology

...  Identify the important work of Semmelweis and Lister.  Identify the contributions to microbiology made by Jenner, Ehrlich and Fleming.  Define bacteriology, mycology, parasitology, immunology, and virology.  Explain the importance of recombinant DNA technology.  List two examples of biotechnol ...
Types of Pathogens
Types of Pathogens

... Give examples of diseases caused by living organisms. Why do people in developing countries suffer more than in developed countries? List the four major groups of pathogens. Describe how bacteria play a beneficial role. Describe environmental factors influencing how bacteria grow. Explain how viruse ...
Fact Sheet Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever
Fact Sheet Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever

... Sudan, Ivory Coast and Bundibugyo). Zaire, Sudan and Bundibugyo subtypes have been associated with large Ebola haemorrhagic fever (EHF) outbreaks in Africa with high case fatality rate (up to 90%) while Ivory Coast subtype is not associated with large outbreaks. Reston subtype can infect humans but ...
Recognizing and Managing Common Health Problems of Beef Cattle
Recognizing and Managing Common Health Problems of Beef Cattle

... low protein, low roughage, and high sulfate diet ...
Early Life Health and Cognitive Function in Old Age
Early Life Health and Cognitive Function in Old Age

... We also estimated models that included all causes of mortality at once. Although the causes are jointly significantly different from zero, the point estimates for individual diseases are imprecisely estimated. Mortality rates within a census region are highly correlated, making it unwise, with these ...
Infectious Diseases and Microbial Agents
Infectious Diseases and Microbial Agents

... C. Besides new diseases, pathogens change or mutate, giving rise to new, virulent strains 1. Influenza viruses are among those that mutate frequently, which explains why flu shots are given annually and why epidemics of influenza sporadically arise D. Problems occur when mutations in infectious agen ...
Impact of Technology on the Emergence of Infectious Diseases
Impact of Technology on the Emergence of Infectious Diseases

... and environmental degradation (resulting from a variety of factors including land use, motor vehicle exhaust, and refrigerants). Other events, like massive urbanization (as a result of mechanization of farming practices and industrialization), have had substantial but less tangible negative effects. ...
MedMyst Episode One Activity One
MedMyst Episode One Activity One

... thing still remains, the infectious agents who cause these diseases are very good at what they do. Viruses, like prions, are not living things, yet they can cause the deadliest infectious diseases. In fact, it only takes one complete virus particle to cause the viral disease hepatitis B. On the othe ...
Epidemiology - UNC Center for Public Health Preparedness
Epidemiology - UNC Center for Public Health Preparedness

... Health Preparedness, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Public Health. Available at: http://cphp.sph.unc.edu/focus/vol2/issue5/25ForensicEpi_issue.pdf. Accessed March 1, 2012. Notes from the Field: Measles Outbreak – Indiana, June-July 2011. MMWR ...
Cornelius J. Clancy, MD
Cornelius J. Clancy, MD

... Key questions defining research program: ...
Policy and Procedures: ZOONOTIC DISEASE
Policy and Procedures: ZOONOTIC DISEASE

... fecal material, or exposure to insect vectors such as fleas or ticks. Previously, the primary mode of transmission of zoonotic diseases at agricultural fairs, petting zoos, and farm visits was thought to be fecal-oral, that is, by ingestion of bacteria-laden feces via contaminated food or water, or ...
Policy and Procedures: ZOONOTIC DISEASE Purpose: To ensure a
Policy and Procedures: ZOONOTIC DISEASE Purpose: To ensure a

... fecal material, or exposure to insect vectors such as fleas or ticks. Previously, the primary mode of transmission of zoonotic diseases at agricultural fairs, petting zoos, and farm visits was thought to be fecal-oral, that is, by ingestion of bacteria-laden feces via contaminated food or water, or ...
anaemia - eduBuzz.org
anaemia - eduBuzz.org

... • Anaemia is a common disease that you can get almost anywhere. Its main cause is iron • Deficiency. Iron deficiency is when you have not got enough iron in you. There are 5 or 6 infections related to hygiene. ...
EpiSouth
EpiSouth

... communication monitoring . The aim of these innovative methods is  to detect health crises earlier than official  monitoring systems.  The Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases (PROMed‐mail) was founded in 1994 by  the International Society for Infectious Diseases, and it is likely to be the most ...
Not Only Laughter is INFECTIOUS (direction sheet)
Not Only Laughter is INFECTIOUS (direction sheet)

... 4. How many people do you think would be infected if you had four interactions? ________ 5. How many people do you think would be infected if you had ten interactions? ________ After the tenth interaction, would the rate of increase in the number of infected people become faster or slower? Explain w ...
Influenza-Like Illness: You`re sick. Here`s what to do!
Influenza-Like Illness: You`re sick. Here`s what to do!

... every 8 hours. (Maximum daily dose=2400mg) If fever is still high, you can add Tylenol—1000 mg every 4-6 hours, up to a maximum of 4000 mg in 24 hours. This will help a lot! It may be helpful to alternate ibuprofen and Tylenol. Please follow directions. Cough—Cough medicine you buy over the counter ...
Lymphocystis disease in cultured false clown anemonefish
Lymphocystis disease in cultured false clown anemonefish

... diseases because it only focuses on a high production with no consideration of a management. Consequently, the cultured area is very crowded and lacks appropriate management. This leads to stress and epidemic of disease easily especially infectious diseases. Lymphocystis disease (LCD), one of the co ...
CONTAGIOUS DISEASES and the GERM THEORY
CONTAGIOUS DISEASES and the GERM THEORY

... many diseases supposedly caused by a specific germ, that germ is not present. Contrariwise, specific germs said to cause a specific disease are present in huge proportions without the specific disease manifesting itself. Dr. Virginia Vetrano writes, "Just remember that there are no contagious diseas ...
Acute viral infections
Acute viral infections

... • Zoonotic infection in which man acquires virus from the mouse or hamster • Biphasic course- pneumonitis followed by meningitis (and encephalitis in half of these)suggests that second phase may be immunologically mediated – Multisystem disease in which primary viral attack of lymphoid and bone marr ...
C23L1 PPT - Destiny High School
C23L1 PPT - Destiny High School

... • Describe at least 2 ways pathogens can be spread through direct contact. • Describe 2 ways pathogens can be spread through indirect contact. • List different times in which you should wash your hands. • List 3 prevention strategies that reduce the risk for getting or spreading communicable disease ...
L3 The current situations and control strategies of avian influenza
L3 The current situations and control strategies of avian influenza

... The present strategy for ND control in China mainly relies on the vaccination program which only reduces the clinical disease but by no means eliminates the virus. ND and H5 HPAI are the two most important poultry diseases which share similar epidemiology features and control strategies in China. I ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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