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Viral Genomes - HCC Learning Web
Viral Genomes - HCC Learning Web

... apparent  In 2009, a general outbreak (epidemic) of a flulike illness appeared in Mexico and the United States, caused by an influenza virus named H1N1  Flu epidemics are caused by new strains of influenza virus to which people have little immunity ...
vaccination in the hatchery
vaccination in the hatchery

... includes administration of the vaccines either by injection (“in-ovo” or subcutaneous routes) or local application (spray or eye-drop). It has been for many years, the only way to ensure an early and/or improved resistance to mucosal diseases like Infectious Bronchitis or Newcastle Disease. More rec ...
Paper by van den Driessche and Watmough
Paper by van den Driessche and Watmough

... where Vi = Vi− − Vi+ and the functions satisfy assumptions (A1) through (A5) described below. Since each function represents a directed transfer of individuals, they are all nonnegative. Thus, (A1) if x ≥ 0, then Fi , Vi+ , Vi− ≥ 0 for i = 1, . . . , n. If a compartment is empty, then there can be n ...
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS TRAINING FACT AND SKILL SHEET
BLOODBORNE PATHOGENS TRAINING FACT AND SKILL SHEET

... Bloodborne pathogens are disease-causing agents present in blood and other potentially infectious materials. Other potentially infectious materials are human body materials other than blood that could carry bloodborne pathogens. Other potentially infectious materials are defined by the Occupational ...
Clinical Pathology Conference
Clinical Pathology Conference

... secondary forms deposits within the mesangium as well as subepithelial area. • Associated with chronic Hep B and Hep C. • Disease may reflect an interaction between the virus and immunologically vulnerable individuals ...
- Exercise is Medicine Australia
- Exercise is Medicine Australia

... and regulate the body’s salt, potassium and acid content. A gradual loss of these functions is referred to as kidney disease. ...
malaria educational resource for teachers
malaria educational resource for teachers

... medical writings from 2700. The word malaria comes from the Italian for ‘bad air’ as many people became sick with the disease when working around swamps or other low level bodies of water. Malaria is not a naturally occurring disease in Canada and was likely brought over by European immigrants. Ensu ...
Prince Edward Island Communicable Disease Annual Report 2009
Prince Edward Island Communicable Disease Annual Report 2009

... Hepatitis C Hepatitis C is a virus that primarily attacks the cells of the liver. While symptoms of infection are uncommon, those reported include malaise, nausea, right upper quadrant pain, dark urine and jaundice.3 Some people recover from this initial acute phase of the infection, however up to 8 ...
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

... Three of the most common STDs that are caused by viruses are AIDS, genital herpes, and genital warts. This section discusses each of them in greater detail. AIDS is a sexually transmitted disease that is caused by the HIV virus. The HIV virus destroys the body’s ability to fight off infection. The H ...
Addressing Communication Challenges During an
Addressing Communication Challenges During an

... when they can expect information. SHAs can assist in coordinating messages by reviewing and consolidating federal guidance and releasing it to partners with more targeted state and local communications. State agencies should clearly designate authorities to respond to guidance issues or provide reco ...
Innate and Adaptive Immune Pathways Regulating Allergic Lung
Innate and Adaptive Immune Pathways Regulating Allergic Lung

... 3. A. niger induces atopy to bystander antigens, but not itself. Paul Porter, PhD ...
Targeting the human TREX complex to prevent herpesvirus
Targeting the human TREX complex to prevent herpesvirus

... Moreover, poor efficacy has been reported against the oncogenic herpesvirus subfamily  [5] . Consequently, there is an urgent need for the continued development of ...
Infectious Diseases
Infectious Diseases

... A variety of therapeutic options are available for the patient with PCP or disseminated pneumocystis. The gold standard for therapy at present is trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, which is available in both intravenous and oral forms and is effective in approximately 90 percent of patients. The major d ...
Environment, climate change and social factors
Environment, climate change and social factors

... Overall, however, current evidence suggests that climate change is increasing the global burden of infectious diseases (25,26). This is happening in complex ways and in combination with other eco-social changes involving things such as migration, poverty and land use change. In addition, climate is ...
Characterization of Avian H5N1 Influenza Viruses
Characterization of Avian H5N1 Influenza Viruses

... complications with pneumonia; gastrointestinal manifestations, elevated liver enzymes, and renal failure were also usually prominent. The authors noted that except for the index case, all of the children infected fared better than the adults; the children under 13 years had uneventful recoveries, wh ...
No Slide Title - IAEA Publications
No Slide Title - IAEA Publications

Central nervous system infections
Central nervous system infections

... carried in the throats of many healthy individuals Invasion of the blood and meninges is a rare event, but is more common:  in the very young (<2 years of age),  in the elderly, in those with sickle cell disease, in debilitated ...
non-erosive, immune-mediated polyarthritis
non-erosive, immune-mediated polyarthritis

... supporting the tooth (known as “periodontitis”), bacterial inflammation of the lining of the heart (known as “endocarditis”), heartworm disease, infection/inflammation with accumulation of pus in the uterus (pyometra), long-term (chronic) infection/inflammation of the middle ear (known as “otitis me ...
天 津 医 科 大 学 授 课 教 案
天 津 医 科 大 学 授 课 教 案

... emphasizing:The outcome of the disease depends on the extent of water and electrolyte loss and the adequacy of body fluids repletion therapy. If not received adequate hydration, fever secondary to will appear commonly Signs: Loss of skin turgor, scaphoid abdomen, and weak pulse ...
Creutzfelt-Jacob Disease
Creutzfelt-Jacob Disease

... Modes of Transmission • CJD is mostly a sporadic disease. No mode of transmission is proven to account for common form of the disease. • New variant CJD (nvCJD)is believed to occur in humans as a result of exposure to bovine spongiform encephalopathy • A hereditary form of CJD (fCJD) occurs as a re ...
Recibo de Renda - Acta Médica Portuguesa
Recibo de Renda - Acta Médica Portuguesa

... sudden, with fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, sometimes nausea, vomits and/or diarrhoea without blood. The patient usually complains of extreme prostration: as an example, the Liberian Ebola patient who air travelled to Nigeria and started the outbreak there, felt so tired that he lied down o ...
Zika Virus - Agence de la sante publique du Canada
Zika Virus - Agence de la sante publique du Canada

... a disease of significant public health concern. Currently, there is a large outbreak underway (http://www.healthycanadians. gc.ca/diseases-conditions-maladies-affections/disease-maladie/ zika-virus/risks-countries-pays-risques-eng.php) in the Americas with transmission also occurring in some other c ...
Islam MN, Rashid SMH, Hoque MF, Juli MSB, Khatun M
Islam MN, Rashid SMH, Hoque MF, Juli MSB, Khatun M

... Islam M. N., Rashid S. M. H., Hoque M. F., Juli M. S. B. and Khatun M. 2008. Pathogenicity of IBDV Related to Outbreaks in the Vaccinated Flocks and the Causes of Vaccination Failure. j. innov.dev.strategy 2(3): 22-30 Pathogenicity of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) related to the outbreaks i ...
Environment of Care Competency
Environment of Care Competency

... 10. If you are exposed to a bloodborne pathogen while at work, your employer must offer you post-exposure evaluation and follow-up. Which of the following statements correctly describes what will happen during this post-exposure follow-up? ○ You will have to pay for any necessary lab tests ○ You wil ...
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Working Case Definition
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Working Case Definition

... agnosis of the chronic Epstein-Barr virus syndrome may not be appropriate for persons with chronic fatigue who have positive Epstein-Barr virus serologic tests, and that definable occult diseases may actually be the cause of symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and fever. It is also inappropriate to ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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