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Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease
Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease

... community, educational facility and household outbreaks have been documented. Invasive GAS is most common during winter months. Age specific rates are highest in adults  60 years of age and in children less than four years of age. Other risk factors for invasive disease include: HIV/AIDS, cancer, h ...
review article
review article

... Malaria. Approximately 80% of the disease cases are caused by Plasmodium vivax but in the recent years an increased number of cases have been caused by P. falciparum.18,19 The disease occurs seasonally (April through November) and endemically in the most part of the country, usually below 2000 meter ...
Epidemiology of hepatitis B
Epidemiology of hepatitis B

... epidemiological parameters, and modes of transmission of these viruses vary extensively. Hepatitis A virus (HAV) can cause only acute hepatitis while hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can cause both acute and chronic hepatitis. Epidemiology of HAV, HBV, and HCV will be characterize ...
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... Confidential Information,” DC4-711B before the department makes contact with an outside provider. ...
Glomerulonephritis
Glomerulonephritis

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Malawi - Nicole Elizabeth Kosmala

... children of Mtendere Village will go off to secondary school and not have knowledge of safe sexual practices and how to protect themselves from contracting the viruses We believe the teenage group of Mtendere would have benefitted from a safe sex seminar during our time in Malawi ...
CHAPTER 2.1.4 INFECTIOUS HAEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS
CHAPTER 2.1.4 INFECTIOUS HAEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS

... consequences of IHN occur at farms rearing fry or juvenile rainbow trout in freshwater where acute outbreaks can result in very high mortality; however, both Pacific and Atlantic salmon reared in fresh water or sea water can be severely affected. Caused by the rhabdovirus infectious haematopoietic n ...
Selected Communicable Diseases In Child Care Settings
Selected Communicable Diseases In Child Care Settings

... Enteroviruses are small viruses. The enteroviruses that occur in the United States include coxsackieviruses and echoviruses. Polioviruses are also included in the term “enterovirus,” but they have been eradicated from the United States by vaccination. In all, more than 60 different types of enterovi ...
Campylobacter
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Requirements for Preventing Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis
Requirements for Preventing Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

... Tuberculosis (TB), once the leading cause of death in the United States, appeared to be receding into history by the latter part of the 20th century. Thanks to improved social and economic conditions and the development of effective drugs, TB case counts had fallen off so dramatically by the 1980’s ...
Asepsis - Home | Quincy College
Asepsis - Home | Quincy College

... asepsis, standard precautions) to break the chain and stop the spread of infection. ...
Brochure of Institut Pasteur du Cambodge
Brochure of Institut Pasteur du Cambodge

... combining different aspects of clinical research, microbiology, immunology and epidemiology. ...
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Total Health Brochure 082611:Layout 1

... Although we perform a visual examination for oral cancer, occasionally there are lesions in the mouth that are not visible to the eye. We may use an oral cancer screening device to check for abnormal tissue. At least one strain of HPV is now linked to the development of oral cancer. HPV is a common, ...
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James Chu

... The majority of research on viruses of E. histolytica stem from a series of papers published by Diamond et al. from 1972 to 1977. In 1972, they hypothesized two separate polyhedral and filamentous viral strains within E. histolytica that caused cell lysis. I now turn to present their data, which was ...
Epidemiology and Current Situation of Leptospirosis in Malaysia
Epidemiology and Current Situation of Leptospirosis in Malaysia

... • Use rodent –proof material to cover food storage • Scheduled & proper garbage disposal to eliminate food for rodent in surrounding human habitation • Unclogged drain to deny rodent of shelter, food &water • Maintain environmental sanitation i.e. housing areas and recreational parks by regular clea ...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
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... bowel wall, from the mucosa, through the muscle, and can even include the thin outermost layer of digestive tract cells (serosa). The inflammatory process causes dilation of blood vessels with increased warmth, oozing of fluid into the tissue, infiltration with inflammatory cells, and ulceration of ...
Biostatistics for High Value Testing and Treatment
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... significantly affect your certainty of a disease (posttest probability) and should rely on likelihood ratios for a given test when available. • The goals of screening are to detect treatable, asymptomatic, or early stage disease. • The limitations, harms, and costs associated with screening should b ...
Insight into relief for a sore throat
Insight into relief for a sore throat

... a week to be cured. Bacteria: Strep throat is an infection caused by a particular strain of streptococcus bacteria. This infection can also damage the heart valves (rheumatic fever) and kidneys (nephritis), cause scarlet fever, tonsillitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, and ear infections. Symptoms of strep ...
Microbiology - George Pindar School Scarborough
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... How can the work of Semmelweiss help to reduce the problems caused by MRSA? ...
Seroprevalence of Lyme disease and associated risk factors in rural
Seroprevalence of Lyme disease and associated risk factors in rural

... China. Most information regarding risk comes from studies performed in Europe [14] or North America [15, 16] where the lifestyle and habits are completely different. The most previous studies about ticks and B. burgdorferi s.l. were carried out in mountainous areas in China. It was believed that the ...
Respiratory Tract Infections in the Tropics
Respiratory Tract Infections in the Tropics

... poultry handlers have raised concerns that avian influenza may eventually undergo further mutation to cause a new influenza epidemic with greater public health impact than the 191920 pandemic. Diagnosis is confirmed by serological tests or PCR methods. Most cases are self-limiting but new and expens ...
Infections Diseases - Outbreak Procedures and Exclusion Periods
Infections Diseases - Outbreak Procedures and Exclusion Periods

...  Any disease declared by the Chief Health Officer to be vaccine preventable for the purposes of the Public Health Regulations. 3.3. Notifying Parents and Carers of their responsibilities  Principals are to notify parents of their responsibilities, including those outlined in section 3.1, by school ...
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BIO 271 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Course Outline

... This course provides an in-depth study of human pathological processes and their effects on homeostasis. Emphasis is on interrelationships among organ systems in deviations from homeostasis. Upon completion, students should be able to demonstrate a detailed knowledge of pathophysiology. Course topic ...
Bloodborne Pathogens Annual Training Module
Bloodborne Pathogens Annual Training Module

... infection, and is caused by the HIV virus. During the incubation period, which may last for many years, there may be no signs that a person is infected with HIV; however, the person can still pass the virus on to others. *The cumulative prevalence of HIV in the U.S. is estimated to be 1 million *100 ...


... • 29% of cases reported that they had sex with an anonymous partner in the past 12 months. • 29.6% of cases had a history of a sexually transmitted disease (STD). Youth/Young Adults, Age 24 and Younger in Cuyahoga County: • Cuyahoga County had five cases that were below the age of 18. The youngest a ...
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Pandemic



A pandemic (from Greek πᾶν pan ""all"" and δῆμος demos ""people"") is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human populations across a large region; for instance multiple continents, or even worldwide. A widespread endemic disease that is stable in terms of how many people are getting sick from it is not a pandemic. Further, flu pandemics generally exclude recurrences of seasonal flu. Throughout history there have been a number of pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. More recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic as well as the 1918 and 2009 H1N1 pandemics. The Black Death was a devastating pandemic, killing over 75 million people.
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