Measurement of the earthshine polarization in the B, V, R, and I
... not published. Earth observing satellites with polarimetric capabilities took usually measurements of only small fractions of the Earth surface from which it is difficult to determine the net polarization for the entire planet. A result from the POLDER satellite was reported by Wolstencroft & Breon ...
... not published. Earth observing satellites with polarimetric capabilities took usually measurements of only small fractions of the Earth surface from which it is difficult to determine the net polarization for the entire planet. A result from the POLDER satellite was reported by Wolstencroft & Breon ...
A100H–Exploring the Universe: Dark Matter, Dark Energy Martin D
... Either dark matter exists or our understanding of our gravity must be revised ...
... Either dark matter exists or our understanding of our gravity must be revised ...
The most metal-poor galaxies
... the process of formation, because of their extreme metal under-abundance, more than 10 times less than solar, and even more extreme than that of HII regions found in the outskirts of spiral galaxies. At the time of this discovery the general wisdom that most galaxies (in particular the ellipticals) ...
... the process of formation, because of their extreme metal under-abundance, more than 10 times less than solar, and even more extreme than that of HII regions found in the outskirts of spiral galaxies. At the time of this discovery the general wisdom that most galaxies (in particular the ellipticals) ...
Christian Andreas Doppler e the man and his
... Abstract Aims Reminding the life and legacy of the Austrian scientist who discovered the famous ‘Doppler Effect’. Methods and results C.A. Doppler was born the 29th of November 1803 in Salzburg. After studies in Linz and Vienna, he graduated in mathematics, became assistant at the University and lat ...
... Abstract Aims Reminding the life and legacy of the Austrian scientist who discovered the famous ‘Doppler Effect’. Methods and results C.A. Doppler was born the 29th of November 1803 in Salzburg. After studies in Linz and Vienna, he graduated in mathematics, became assistant at the University and lat ...
Plotting the Rotation Curve of M31
... Radii in arcminutes and kiloparsecs and peak frequencies and velocities are listed in the table on page 3. How can we calculate the velocity of an atom from looking at its spectrum? Answer: measure the wavelength or frequency shift in the emission/absorption lines relative to a spectrum of the atom ...
... Radii in arcminutes and kiloparsecs and peak frequencies and velocities are listed in the table on page 3. How can we calculate the velocity of an atom from looking at its spectrum? Answer: measure the wavelength or frequency shift in the emission/absorption lines relative to a spectrum of the atom ...
=======31 Radioactive Decay Data El =======
... becoming a different element. This is called radioactive disintegration. Knowing the half-life (the time it takes for half of the radioactive element to disintegrate) scientists have developed methods to date objects containing a radioactive element. Each radioactive element has its own unique half- ...
... becoming a different element. This is called radioactive disintegration. Knowing the half-life (the time it takes for half of the radioactive element to disintegrate) scientists have developed methods to date objects containing a radioactive element. Each radioactive element has its own unique half- ...
Planet Formation in the Outer Solar System
... Rocky planets must form before the dust disappears. The observations constrain these timescales to 100 Myr or less. Two theories—coagulation and dynamical instability—try to explain planet formation in a viscous disk. Coagulation theories propose that large dust grains decouple from the gas and sett ...
... Rocky planets must form before the dust disappears. The observations constrain these timescales to 100 Myr or less. Two theories—coagulation and dynamical instability—try to explain planet formation in a viscous disk. Coagulation theories propose that large dust grains decouple from the gas and sett ...
Prospects for asteroseismic inference on the envelope helium
... results can be obtained simply by fitting a constant offset to the second differences in addition to the oscillatory term caused by the glitch. Furthermore, the second differences are less susceptible to the propagation of uncertainties in mode frequencies than higher order differences. When determi ...
... results can be obtained simply by fitting a constant offset to the second differences in addition to the oscillatory term caused by the glitch. Furthermore, the second differences are less susceptible to the propagation of uncertainties in mode frequencies than higher order differences. When determi ...
GRB prompt emission
... Hosts! • Hosts of long GRBs are star-forming galaxies • GRBs trace the stellar distribution (in distance from galaxy center) • GRBs occur in dense environments (star forming regions?) ...
... Hosts! • Hosts of long GRBs are star-forming galaxies • GRBs trace the stellar distribution (in distance from galaxy center) • GRBs occur in dense environments (star forming regions?) ...
GRB prompt emission
... Hosts! • Hosts of long GRBs are star-forming galaxies • GRBs trace the stellar distribution (in distance from galaxy center) • GRBs occur in dense environments (star forming regions?) ...
... Hosts! • Hosts of long GRBs are star-forming galaxies • GRBs trace the stellar distribution (in distance from galaxy center) • GRBs occur in dense environments (star forming regions?) ...
Understanding Resolution
... Royal Astronomical Society. Dawes limit is not used to indicate an achievable black space between two point sources. It is however a reliable determination of a limit at which two moderately bright close stars can be noticed as being two separate components. Sparrow Limit: A web article published by ...
... Royal Astronomical Society. Dawes limit is not used to indicate an achievable black space between two point sources. It is however a reliable determination of a limit at which two moderately bright close stars can be noticed as being two separate components. Sparrow Limit: A web article published by ...
Jul y 9- 11,
... Studies of the triggering of X-ray AGN in clusters have to date been hindered by small sample sizes. To address this we have undertaken a survey of 11,000 X-ray AGN in the fields of 135 of the most massive clusters known, where the high galaxy and gas densities offer a unique opportunity to examine ...
... Studies of the triggering of X-ray AGN in clusters have to date been hindered by small sample sizes. To address this we have undertaken a survey of 11,000 X-ray AGN in the fields of 135 of the most massive clusters known, where the high galaxy and gas densities offer a unique opportunity to examine ...
Gamma Ray Bursts (GRB)
... Long duration bursts – Gamma Ray Bursts that last more than 2 seconds. Short-duration bursts – Gamma Ray Bursts that last less than 2 seconds. Short duration bursts range from a few milliseconds to 2 seconds with an average duration time of about 0.3 seconds (300 milliseconds). The longduration burs ...
... Long duration bursts – Gamma Ray Bursts that last more than 2 seconds. Short-duration bursts – Gamma Ray Bursts that last less than 2 seconds. Short duration bursts range from a few milliseconds to 2 seconds with an average duration time of about 0.3 seconds (300 milliseconds). The longduration burs ...
On the Spiral Structure of the Milky Way Galaxy
... (for example, in M51). Evidence for the presence of this symmetry in our Galaxy was presented in many papers (for instance, cf. [9]). Many years ago, de Vaucouleurs [10] classified the Milky Way as an SB(rs) galaxy. This classification is generally confirmed with the modern data on the distribution ...
... (for example, in M51). Evidence for the presence of this symmetry in our Galaxy was presented in many papers (for instance, cf. [9]). Many years ago, de Vaucouleurs [10] classified the Milky Way as an SB(rs) galaxy. This classification is generally confirmed with the modern data on the distribution ...
9 The Clearing of Protoplanetary Disks and of the Protosolar Nebula
... millimeter and up to cm-sized particles already in the first Myr of their evolution (see Chapter 7). However, so far only a dozen of protoplanetary disks could be spatially resolved in the millimeter. Spatially unresolved observations have been obtained on large samples of sources and have been used ...
... millimeter and up to cm-sized particles already in the first Myr of their evolution (see Chapter 7). However, so far only a dozen of protoplanetary disks could be spatially resolved in the millimeter. Spatially unresolved observations have been obtained on large samples of sources and have been used ...
Star formation rates and efficiencies in the Galactic Centre
... a difficult quantity to determine, as inferences of the threedimensional structure have to be made in order to convert two-dimensional line-of-sight column density measurements. The measured column density of hydrogen in the CMZ appears to be at least an order of magnitude higher than clouds within ...
... a difficult quantity to determine, as inferences of the threedimensional structure have to be made in order to convert two-dimensional line-of-sight column density measurements. The measured column density of hydrogen in the CMZ appears to be at least an order of magnitude higher than clouds within ...
MERCURY In-flight calibration of the PHEBUS UV instrument and
... space missions such as Mariner 10, MESSENGER and soon BepiColombo and by ground-based observatories. Mercury’s exosphere is a very complex medium with only a few species detected so far, including atomic hydrogen. H has only been detected once by Mariner 10 in 1974-1975 and represents a tracer of th ...
... space missions such as Mariner 10, MESSENGER and soon BepiColombo and by ground-based observatories. Mercury’s exosphere is a very complex medium with only a few species detected so far, including atomic hydrogen. H has only been detected once by Mariner 10 in 1974-1975 and represents a tracer of th ...
Los Alamos - LIGO
... the sheet will roll toward that mass. Einstein theorized that smaller masses travel toward larger masses, not because they are "attracted" by a mysterious force, but because the smaller objects travel through space that is warped by the larger object 27-March-03 ...
... the sheet will roll toward that mass. Einstein theorized that smaller masses travel toward larger masses, not because they are "attracted" by a mysterious force, but because the smaller objects travel through space that is warped by the larger object 27-March-03 ...
Far-ultraviolet and far-infrared bivariate luminosity function of galaxies:
... related to the star formation in galaxies, but in a very complicated manner. In order to disentangle the relation between FUV and FIR emissions, we estimate the UV-IR bivariate LF (BLF) of galaxies with GALEX and AKARI All-Sky Survey datasets. Recently, we developed a new mathematical method to cons ...
... related to the star formation in galaxies, but in a very complicated manner. In order to disentangle the relation between FUV and FIR emissions, we estimate the UV-IR bivariate LF (BLF) of galaxies with GALEX and AKARI All-Sky Survey datasets. Recently, we developed a new mathematical method to cons ...
The formation of disc galaxies in high-resolution moving
... be treated, or sometimes an ignorance of this unavoidable limitation altogether. We argue in this paper that resolution-dependent feedback implementations make it hard to separate physics from numerical effects, and we hence advocate the use of more explicit subgrid models. Even at the level of the ...
... be treated, or sometimes an ignorance of this unavoidable limitation altogether. We argue in this paper that resolution-dependent feedback implementations make it hard to separate physics from numerical effects, and we hence advocate the use of more explicit subgrid models. Even at the level of the ...
The Secular and Rotational Brightness Variations of Neptune
... were scheduled so that the air masses of the comparison star and of Neptune were nearly equal in order to minimize the correction needed for atmospheric extinction. The procedure for acquiring CCD image data for a single Johnson magnitude in a single filter was to record 2 separate series of 3 image ...
... were scheduled so that the air masses of the comparison star and of Neptune were nearly equal in order to minimize the correction needed for atmospheric extinction. The procedure for acquiring CCD image data for a single Johnson magnitude in a single filter was to record 2 separate series of 3 image ...
The Rhythm of Time The evolution of the calendar
... ancient world the development of what we know today as civilisation Many religious festivals are also associated with the cycle of the seasons and with the phases of the moon ⇒ need for defining a civil year These mark the beginnings of keeping track of the passage of time and hence the development ...
... ancient world the development of what we know today as civilisation Many religious festivals are also associated with the cycle of the seasons and with the phases of the moon ⇒ need for defining a civil year These mark the beginnings of keeping track of the passage of time and hence the development ...
Counting Sunspots - Lunar and Planetary Institute
... Sunspots can last for weeks or even months. The average number of spots that can be seen on the face of the Sun is not always the same, but goes up and down in a cycle. Historical records of Games sunspot counts show that this sunspot cycle has an average period of about eleven years. The 11 year su ...
... Sunspots can last for weeks or even months. The average number of spots that can be seen on the face of the Sun is not always the same, but goes up and down in a cycle. Historical records of Games sunspot counts show that this sunspot cycle has an average period of about eleven years. The 11 year su ...
Absolute Flux Calibration
... - They are quite compact (hence better for extended configurations and/or higher frequencies than planets) and still sufficiently bright (>500mJy@3mm) ...
... - They are quite compact (hence better for extended configurations and/or higher frequencies than planets) and still sufficiently bright (>500mJy@3mm) ...