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Historical Figures
Historical Figures

... Enlightenment philosophers were necessarily calling for immediate action. They, themselves, did not want to be the King.  Second, they were not calling for an elimination of religion, just moving society along, instead of holding it back “because it was what the church wanted”  Why is the Enlighte ...
The Age of Reason Enlightenment thinkers were known as
The Age of Reason Enlightenment thinkers were known as

The Essence of the Social Contract Theory And Its
The Essence of the Social Contract Theory And Its

... a need to clarify its basic tenets, as well as the preconditions for its effective application. This is a task this work meets by way of "Conclusion". In the course of this endeavour, a need to investigate particular societies so as to specifically delineate the problems that beset them is identifie ...
Civil Society, Ethnicity and the State: a threefold
Civil Society, Ethnicity and the State: a threefold

... Challenges to the state bring the danger of state failure, the most common one being the collapse of a multi ethnic state eg Austria-Hungary, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia.  In this analysis state failure is attributed to: complete disappearance (Montenegro); the loss or addition of territory; majo ...
1

Civil society

Civil society is the ""aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that manifest interests and will of citizens."" Civil society includes the family and the private sphere, referred to as the ""third sector"" of society, distinct from government and business. Dictionary.com's 21st Century Lexicon defines civil society as 1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that manifest interests and will of citizens or 2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.Sometimes the term civil society is used in the more general sense of ""the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc, that make up a democratic society"" (Collins English Dictionary). Especially in the discussions among thinkers of Eastern and Central Europe, civil society is seen also as a concept of civic values. One widely known representative of this concept is the Polish former dissident Adam Michnik.Volunteering is often considered a defining characteristic of the organizations that constitute civil society, which in turn are often called ""NGOs"", ""NPOs"", or CSOs. Most authorities have in mind the realm of public participation in voluntary associations, trade unions and the like, but it is not necessary to belong to all of these to be a part of civil society.
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