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Oxford Meeting
Oxford Meeting

... Necessary input includes: • TIGM • SFR( Z, IMF) • fESC ...
Some Examples of Virtual Observatory Enabled Science What Are the Some Distinguishing
Some Examples of Virtual Observatory Enabled Science What Are the Some Distinguishing

... • Energy emission over a broad range of frequencies, from radio to gamma rays – Nonthermal radio or X-ray emission is a good way to find AGN – Generally bluer spectra than stars: “UV excess” – Colors unlike those of stars, especially when modified by the intergalactic absorption ...
Chapter 20. Galaxies
Chapter 20. Galaxies

... star light from the galaxy. It is further characterized by sometimes extreme variability that reflects variations in the accretion rate. The time scale for the variations can be as short as minutes, hours, days or months. When variable galaxies on these time scales were first discovered it was hard ...
HR Diagram of Messier 80 using Hubble Space Telescope Data
HR Diagram of Messier 80 using Hubble Space Telescope Data

... 8. Optional: Download and reduce the data yourself If you want to create the data set below on your own, follow these directions below. Go to http://hla.stsci.edu/ Click “Enter Site.” Search for M80. Then do an “Advanced Search”. Check off only the WFPC2 instrument. Search for Proposal ID 11233. Two ...
Math Notes - UNC Physics and Astronomy
Math Notes - UNC Physics and Astronomy

... radius of 3 km, and a 1.4 solar-mass neutron star to a radius 4 km. However, >3 solar-mass neutron stars would be smaller than their Schwarzschild radii and consequently collapse to form black holes. ...
slides - Indico
slides - Indico

... Metal-Poor Stars ? • Extremely metal-poor (MP) stars have recorded the heavy element abundances produced in the first generations of stars in the Universe • The shape of the low-metallicity tail of the Metallicity Distribution Function will (eventually) show structure that reveals the characteristic ...
M101: The Pinwheel Galaxy
M101: The Pinwheel Galaxy

... class. Ask students to review the galaxy image on the front of the “M101: The Pinwheel Galaxy” lithograph and write down three questions they have about the galaxy in the image. Ask the students to read the information on the back of the “M101: The Pinwheel Galaxy” lithograph and check if any of the ...
Virtual HR Diagram Lab
Virtual HR Diagram Lab

... Draw an arrow showing the direction of increasing mass for main sequence stars on the diagram. Label it M. (Note: this arrow only applies to main sequence stars, but that is over 90% of stars.) ...
sections 12-15 instructor notes
sections 12-15 instructor notes

... J. C. Kapteyn, the first director of the famous Laboratory of Statistical Astronomy in Gröningen, Holland, and his successor, P. J. van Rhijn, gave us through their work in the first third of the twentieth century the basic GLF that still serves us at the present time. For the range of observable ab ...
Astronomy 401 Lecture 8 Spiral Galaxies II 1 The Tully
Astronomy 401 Lecture 8 Spiral Galaxies II 1 The Tully

... brightness, neither of which is true—so the fact that this is actually observed is somewhat surprising. Another way to think about this: the radius in our original expression for velocity is the radius enclosing all the mass, while the radius we’ve used for the luminosity (surface brightness) is the ...
Student`s guide - cosmos.esa.int
Student`s guide - cosmos.esa.int

... As you may have noticed, the sunspots seem to be on different place on every picture, depending on which one you are picking as a reference picture. Here is one of the tasks of the laboratory. To be able to calculate the astronomical unit, the sunspots need to be aligned so that they are exactly on ...
Student`s guide - Cosmos
Student`s guide - Cosmos

... As you may have noticed, the sunspots seem to be on different place on every picture, depending on which one you are picking as a reference picture. Here is one of the tasks of the laboratory. To be able to calculate the astronomical unit, the sunspots need to be aligned so that they are exactly on ...
Document
Document

... 2. Comment on Hawking’s first sentences. 3. What is Hawking’s goal? → text ...
WK9
WK9

... A QUICK REVIEW: ...
Galaxies - SD43 Teacher Sites
Galaxies - SD43 Teacher Sites

... The word “galaxy” comes from the ancient Greek word for milk, galaktos. Suggest why the ancient Greeks chose that word to describe what they saw in the night sky. ...
Stellar Evolution Chapter 12
Stellar Evolution Chapter 12

... Cepheid Variables: The Period-Luminosity Relation The variability period of a Cepheid variable is correlated with its luminosity. The more luminous it is, the more slowly it pulsates. => Measuring a Cepheid’s period, we can determine its absolute magnitude! ...
The Milky Way Galaxy
The Milky Way Galaxy

... - contains young and old stars, gas, dust. Has spiral structure - vertical thickness roughly 100 pc - 2 kpc (depending on component. Most gas and dust in thinner layer, most stars in thicker layer) ...
Measuring Interstellar Extinction
Measuring Interstellar Extinction

... Band λ [nm] Aλ /AV U ...
Linking Asteroids and Meteorites through Reflectance
Linking Asteroids and Meteorites through Reflectance

... • Is a massive, gravitationally bound system consisting of stars, gas and dust, and dark matter. Galaxies can contain between ten million and a trillion stars • Dark matter is matter that does not emit or reflect enough radiation to be seen, but whose gravitation effects can be felt ...
The Transient Radio Sky Astrophysical and Artificial
The Transient Radio Sky Astrophysical and Artificial

... •SKA: determine clustering power spectrum vs. z using HI emission from 1e9 galaxies to z=1.5: very large number stats, very large scale (full hemisphere)  variance limited ...
This link is in pdf format for ease of reading
This link is in pdf format for ease of reading

... An "almost true color" image of the material surrounding the star Eta Carinae. The picture was obtained with the second generation Wide-Field and Planetary Camera-2, designed and built at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. The new camera was installed during the Hubble Space Telescope ...
Document
Document

... celestial sphere - NCP, SCP, CE meridian - circle through zenith and NCP and SCP altitude - angle above horizon azimuth - degrees E from N point to object along horizon ecliptic - apparent path of Sun on celestial sphere vernal equinox  - where Sun crosses CE from S to N declination - angle N or S ...
10.2 Galaxies
10.2 Galaxies

... A Star is Born • If the nebula cloud is massive enough, gravity within the cloud will be large enough to shrink it and to raise its temperature above 10 000 000 degrees celsius, a temperature at which atomic fusion happens, releasing huge amounts of energy in the form of all kinds of electromagneti ...
DTU 8e Chap 11 Characterizing Stars
DTU 8e Chap 11 Characterizing Stars

... These diagrams show the relationship between the color of a star and its surface temperature. The intensity of light emitted by three stars is plotted against wavelength. The range of visible wavelengths is indicated. The location of the peak of each star’s intensity curve, relative to the visible-l ...
T3-W10-0501student
T3-W10-0501student

... Only the densest stars become black holes. Nothing can escape the gravity of a black hole, not even light. Scientists can only detect black holes based on how they affect other stellar bodies. ...
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Cosmic distance ladder



The cosmic distance ladder (also known as the extragalactic distance scale) is the succession of methods by which astronomers determine the distances to celestial objects. A real direct distance measurement of an astronomical object is possible only for those objects that are ""close enough"" (within about a thousand parsecs) to Earth. The techniques for determining distances to more distant objects are all based on various measured correlations between methods that work at close distances and methods that work at larger distances. Several methods rely on a standard candle, which is an astronomical object that has a known luminosity.The ladder analogy arises because no one technique can measure distances at all ranges encountered in astronomy. Instead, one method can be used to measure nearby distances, a second can be used to measure nearby to intermediate distances, and so on. Each rung of the ladder provides information that can be used to determine the distances at the next higher rung.
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