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Literature Review on the Formation of Active Regions
Literature Review on the Formation of Active Regions

... regions. Active regions appear bright in X-ray and ultraviolet images. There are different theories about the formation and variation of these regions. ...
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... Looking down onto the ecliptic plane from above, a CIR near Earth's orbit is sketched. The Sun is off the bottom of the figure. The CIR is shaded in tan, and the Earth's track through the CIR is depicted as the green dashed line. In the reference frame of this sketch, the Earth moves downward with t ...
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MS Word - Boston University

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A self-consistent model of isolated neutron stars: the case of the X

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... when the field has simplified into a clear arcade or cusp structure, there is evidence from the anomalously long-lived hot coronal plasma that substantial energy release may continue throughout the gradual phase (Feldman et al. 1995; Jiang et al. 2006; Kołomański et al. 2011). Nevertheless it is th ...
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... stars with light (Wolff & Morrison 1973), spectrum and magnetic variations that was discovered to pulsate by Kurtz (1982). Matthews et al. (1988) found radial velocity variations with an amplitude of 0.4±0.05 km s−1 and the main photometric period of 6.14 min. During an observing campaign with the W ...
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... (d) Wrong. Field lines due to a solenoid at its ends and outside cannot be so completely straight and confined; such a thing violates Ampere’s law. The lines should curve out at both ends, and meet eventually to form closed loops. (e) Right. These are field lines outside and inside a bar magnet. Not ...
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Aurora



An aurora is a natural light display in the sky, predominantly seen in the high latitude (Arctic and Antarctic) regions. Auroras are produced when the magnetosphere is sufficiently disturbed by the solar wind that the trajectories of charged particles in both solar wind and magnetospheric plasma, mainly in the form of electrons and protons, precipitate them into the upper atmosphere (thermosphere/exosphere), where their energy is lost. The resulting ionization and excitation of atmospheric constituents emits light of varying colour and complexity. The form of the aurora, occurring within bands around both polar regions, is also dependent on the amount of acceleration imparted to the precipitating particles. Precipitating protons generally produce optical emissions as incident hydrogen atoms after gaining electrons from the atmosphere. Proton auroras are usually observed at lower latitudes. Different aspects of an aurora are elaborated in various sections below.
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