• Study Resource
  • Explore
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Sign in Sign up
Upload
33. Botulinum Toxins
33. Botulinum Toxins

... toxins and, because of their relative ease of production and other characteristics, these toxins are likely biological warfare agents. Indeed, the United States itself explored the possibility of weaponizing botulinum toxin after World War II, as is discussed elsewhere in this textbook. Although the ...
Ricin Fact Sheet
Ricin Fact Sheet

- Analusis
- Analusis

... from the in-line connection of separation and detection tools in addition to the requirements for their single or separate use. Those required for the in-line connection, i.e. HPLCAAS, are i) adjustment of the difference between the flow rate on HPLC (< 1 mL/min) and the uptake rate of AAS (4 – 5 mL ...
Radionics machine detects possible "simulants
Radionics machine detects possible "simulants

... the traces of toxins that have been intentionally seeded into our breathing mixture, then it can be worn out. If millions of people can slowly have their immune systems undermined in this perverse manner, then, when the time is right, they may more easily succumb to pathogens that are more deadly. “ ...
Review3
Review3

...  Living ...
1

United States biological weapons program

The United States biological weapons program officially began in spring 1943 on orders from U.S. President Franklin Roosevelt. Research continued following World War II as the U.S. built up a large stockpile of biological agents and weapons. Over the course of its 27-year history, the program weaponized and stockpiled the following seven bio-agents (and pursued basic research on many more):Bacillus anthracis (anthrax)Francisella tularensis (tularemia)Brucella spp (brucellosis)Coxiella burnetii (Q-fever)Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE)Botulinum toxin (botulism)Staphylococcal enterotoxin BThroughout its history, the U.S. bioweapons program was secret. It became controversial when it was later revealed that laboratory and field testing (some of the latter using simulants on non-consenting individuals) had been common. The official policy of the United States was first to deter the use of bio-weapons against U.S. forces and secondarily to retaliate if deterrence failed. There exists no evidence that the U.S. ever used biological agents against an enemy in the field (see below for alleged uses).In 1969, President Richard Nixon ended all offensive (i.e., non-defensive) aspects of the U.S. bio-weapons program. In 1975 the U.S. ratified both the 1925 Geneva Protocol and the 1972 Biological Weapons Convention (BWC)—international treaties outlawing biological warfare. Recent U.S. biodefense programs, however, have raised concerns that the U.S. may be pursuing research that is outlawed by the BWC.
  • studyres.com © 2022
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report