Chapter 1 Heredity, Genes, and DNA
... always produced peas of the same type and then cross-pollinated plants from different lines and studied their progeny through several generations. He made three fundamental observations. First, neither the pea texture and nor color traits blended. The progeny of two parent plants, one of which had y ...
... always produced peas of the same type and then cross-pollinated plants from different lines and studied their progeny through several generations. He made three fundamental observations. First, neither the pea texture and nor color traits blended. The progeny of two parent plants, one of which had y ...
DNA, RNA and Protein Synthesis
... c. Some amino acids are encoded by 2, 3, or more different codons. These codon often differ from one another by just one ...
... c. Some amino acids are encoded by 2, 3, or more different codons. These codon often differ from one another by just one ...
DNA-Mediated Transformation
... Characteristics of genetic vectors • must be capable of carrying a significant piece of donor DNA • must be readily accepted by the host ...
... Characteristics of genetic vectors • must be capable of carrying a significant piece of donor DNA • must be readily accepted by the host ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Documented Gene Transfer in Bacteria
... – Generalized - Transduction in which potentially any dornor bacterial gene can be transferred. – Specialized - Transduction in which only certain donor genes can be transferred ...
... – Generalized - Transduction in which potentially any dornor bacterial gene can be transferred. – Specialized - Transduction in which only certain donor genes can be transferred ...
Mutation Lab
... The genetic makeup of all known living things is carried in a genetic material known as DNA. The bases pair very specifically (A only with T and C only with G) so that when the DNA molecule replicates every cell has an exact copy of the DNA strand. The order of the bases in a DNA molecule is the key ...
... The genetic makeup of all known living things is carried in a genetic material known as DNA. The bases pair very specifically (A only with T and C only with G) so that when the DNA molecule replicates every cell has an exact copy of the DNA strand. The order of the bases in a DNA molecule is the key ...
The Effects of Plasmid on Genotype and Phenotype
... Any bacterial cells which have taken up pUC 18 and contain a functional betagalactosidase will form blue colonies on this medium. If the gene in pUC 18 has been inactivated, the colonies will be white. Scientists using pUC 18 as a gene cloning vector take advantage of this by inserting foreign DNA i ...
... Any bacterial cells which have taken up pUC 18 and contain a functional betagalactosidase will form blue colonies on this medium. If the gene in pUC 18 has been inactivated, the colonies will be white. Scientists using pUC 18 as a gene cloning vector take advantage of this by inserting foreign DNA i ...
Presentation
... Key features of DNA: • A double-stranded helix, uniform diameter • It is right-handed • It is antiparallel • Outer edges of nitrogenous bases are exposed in the major and minor grooves ...
... Key features of DNA: • A double-stranded helix, uniform diameter • It is right-handed • It is antiparallel • Outer edges of nitrogenous bases are exposed in the major and minor grooves ...
general introduction
... DNA repair pathways In order to avoid the mutagenic and toxic effects of DNA damage, most DNA lesions will have to be recognised and removed before DNA replication will fix them into permanent genetic changes. Remaining and erroneously repaired lesions hamper cellular processes like transcription an ...
... DNA repair pathways In order to avoid the mutagenic and toxic effects of DNA damage, most DNA lesions will have to be recognised and removed before DNA replication will fix them into permanent genetic changes. Remaining and erroneously repaired lesions hamper cellular processes like transcription an ...
Notes - Haiku Learning
... 3. 20 different amino acids will bind to the correct tRNA because of the action of 20 different enzymes a) Active site of each enzyme allows a fit only between one specific amino acid and the ...
... 3. 20 different amino acids will bind to the correct tRNA because of the action of 20 different enzymes a) Active site of each enzyme allows a fit only between one specific amino acid and the ...
Models for homologous recombination
... In bacteria, the major biological role of homologous recombination is to repair DSBs In addition to repairing DSBs in chromosomal DNA, homologous recombination promotes genetic exchange in bacteria In eukaryotic cells, homologous recombination is critical for repairing DNA ...
... In bacteria, the major biological role of homologous recombination is to repair DSBs In addition to repairing DSBs in chromosomal DNA, homologous recombination promotes genetic exchange in bacteria In eukaryotic cells, homologous recombination is critical for repairing DNA ...
Grade 12 Biology: Final Exam
... b. PCR polymerase chain reaction 11. How were PCR and RFLP discovered? 12. How does DNA determine how you look and behave? a. What is transcription? b. What is translation? 13. Given a strand of DNA or mRNA- make the correct protein. 14. How do mutations affect living organisms? a. What can cause ca ...
... b. PCR polymerase chain reaction 11. How were PCR and RFLP discovered? 12. How does DNA determine how you look and behave? a. What is transcription? b. What is translation? 13. Given a strand of DNA or mRNA- make the correct protein. 14. How do mutations affect living organisms? a. What can cause ca ...
Lecture 22: Protein Engineering
... Pancreatic ribonuclease A is an enzyme comprising of 124 amino acids that cleaves the covalent bonds that join ribonucleic acids (RNA). From available literature about the protein we know that histidine at position 119 is necessary for catalysis. Thus, if at position 119 in the sequence the naturall ...
... Pancreatic ribonuclease A is an enzyme comprising of 124 amino acids that cleaves the covalent bonds that join ribonucleic acids (RNA). From available literature about the protein we know that histidine at position 119 is necessary for catalysis. Thus, if at position 119 in the sequence the naturall ...
Highlight of mutation GPS® technique
... genetic disease, i.e. spinal muscular atrophy, von Willebrand disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Williams syndrome. Transposable Element jumping in genome can cause many diseases including hemophilia A and B, severe combined immunodeficiency, porphyria, colon cancer, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Detectio ...
... genetic disease, i.e. spinal muscular atrophy, von Willebrand disease, Cystic Fibrosis, Williams syndrome. Transposable Element jumping in genome can cause many diseases including hemophilia A and B, severe combined immunodeficiency, porphyria, colon cancer, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Detectio ...
Genome Sequencing Using a Mapping Approach
... Mapping Approach Ultimately through the use of these techniques a high density physical map of sequence polymorphisms can be generated and used as the basis for squencing the genome. ...
... Mapping Approach Ultimately through the use of these techniques a high density physical map of sequence polymorphisms can be generated and used as the basis for squencing the genome. ...
PPT File
... 20 minutes, producing a colony of 107 to 108 bacteria in as little as 12 hours. • In the human colon, E. coli reproduces rapidly enough to replace the 2 x 1010 bacteria lost each day in feces. • Through binary fission, most of the bacteria in a colony are genetically identical to the parent cell. • ...
... 20 minutes, producing a colony of 107 to 108 bacteria in as little as 12 hours. • In the human colon, E. coli reproduces rapidly enough to replace the 2 x 1010 bacteria lost each day in feces. • Through binary fission, most of the bacteria in a colony are genetically identical to the parent cell. • ...
Lecture 17 Protein synthesis pp101-110
... • A polypeptide chain contains hundreds or thousands of amino acids linked by peptide bonds – The amino acid sequence causes the polypeptide to assume a particular shape – The shape of a protein determines its specific function ...
... • A polypeptide chain contains hundreds or thousands of amino acids linked by peptide bonds – The amino acid sequence causes the polypeptide to assume a particular shape – The shape of a protein determines its specific function ...
... and Ishikawa,1970). To this day, the actual gene altered in many of these "unknown" mutants has not been determined. In order to add value to the Fungal Genetics Stock Center collection, we continue to define the genetic defects associated with these temperature-sensitive mutations (McCluskey et al. ...
An Apple a Day: Extracting DNA from Any Living Thing
... 3. Examples of things with no DNA: Rocks, water, candles, plastic, and pop cans. All of these are things that never lived. B. DNA found in banana cells can be extracted using common materials. This procedure uses household equipment and store supplies to extract DNA from bananas in sufficient quant ...
... 3. Examples of things with no DNA: Rocks, water, candles, plastic, and pop cans. All of these are things that never lived. B. DNA found in banana cells can be extracted using common materials. This procedure uses household equipment and store supplies to extract DNA from bananas in sufficient quant ...
Recombinant Technology
... from cell and addition of reverse transcriptase; synthesis of DNA strand ...
... from cell and addition of reverse transcriptase; synthesis of DNA strand ...
CHAPTER 8
... encoded in the 3’ portion of the genome serves (1) attached to the 5’ end of the viral DNA during replication; (2) serves as a helicase during replication and DNA packaging; (3) serves as a site-specific nickase; (4) mediates arrest of the cell in the ...
... encoded in the 3’ portion of the genome serves (1) attached to the 5’ end of the viral DNA during replication; (2) serves as a helicase during replication and DNA packaging; (3) serves as a site-specific nickase; (4) mediates arrest of the cell in the ...
Biotechnology: Social and Environmental Issues
... to the biological concepts associated with the new developments in genetic engineering. There will be discussions and critical analyses of the contributions of science to public policy and the role of values in science. Topics include: history of the recombinant DNA controversy, genetically engineer ...
... to the biological concepts associated with the new developments in genetic engineering. There will be discussions and critical analyses of the contributions of science to public policy and the role of values in science. Topics include: history of the recombinant DNA controversy, genetically engineer ...
Sodium Bisulfite Methods
... • Why are they good? – Quick and efficient genome-wide assessment of DNA methylation ...
... • Why are they good? – Quick and efficient genome-wide assessment of DNA methylation ...
Ratio of DNA Concentrations
... DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Most DNA is located in the nucleus of membrane-bound cells, which constitutes for nearly ever cell in a human’s body. To release DNA, the cell membranes must be lysed. The sugar and phosphate components l ...
... DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid is the hereditary material in humans and almost all other organisms. Most DNA is located in the nucleus of membrane-bound cells, which constitutes for nearly ever cell in a human’s body. To release DNA, the cell membranes must be lysed. The sugar and phosphate components l ...
Molecular cloning
Molecular cloning is a set of experimental methods in molecular biology that are used to assemble recombinant DNA molecules and to direct their replication within host organisms. The use of the word cloning refers to the fact that the method involves the replication of one molecule to produce a population of cells with identical DNA molecules. Molecular cloning generally uses DNA sequences from two different organisms: the species that is the source of the DNA to be cloned, and the species that will serve as the living host for replication of the recombinant DNA. Molecular cloning methods are central to many contemporary areas of modern biology and medicine.In a conventional molecular cloning experiment, the DNA to be cloned is obtained from an organism of interest, then treated with enzymes in the test tube to generate smaller DNA fragments. Subsequently, these fragments are then combined with vector DNA to generate recombinant DNA molecules. The recombinant DNA is then introduced into a host organism (typically an easy-to-grow, benign, laboratory strain of E. coli bacteria). This will generate a population of organisms in which recombinant DNA molecules are replicated along with the host DNA. Because they contain foreign DNA fragments, these are transgenic or genetically modified microorganisms (GMO). This process takes advantage of the fact that a single bacterial cell can be induced to take up and replicate a single recombinant DNA molecule. This single cell can then be expanded exponentially to generate a large amount of bacteria, each of which contain copies of the original recombinant molecule. Thus, both the resulting bacterial population, and the recombinant DNA molecule, are commonly referred to as ""clones"". Strictly speaking, recombinant DNA refers to DNA molecules, while molecular cloning refers to the experimental methods used to assemble them.