Appendix 3 Overview of Oil Refining Process
... Crude oil typically contains a small percentage of water and salts dissolved in the water. Because the salts are considered contaminants, after the pre-heating process the heated crude oil is next sent to a “desalter,” where these contaminants are removed. This protects the downstream equipment from ...
... Crude oil typically contains a small percentage of water and salts dissolved in the water. Because the salts are considered contaminants, after the pre-heating process the heated crude oil is next sent to a “desalter,” where these contaminants are removed. This protects the downstream equipment from ...
Biogenic/Abiogenic Hydrocarbons` Origin - Earth
... lithosphere and occasionally because the inevitable occurrence of strong earthquakes (to be also considered a further supply of energy) in some periods of the thrust-fold belts building (Fig. 3 and 4). Laboratory experiments (Martinelli & Plescia, 2005) have recently ascertained that calcareous-marl ...
... lithosphere and occasionally because the inevitable occurrence of strong earthquakes (to be also considered a further supply of energy) in some periods of the thrust-fold belts building (Fig. 3 and 4). Laboratory experiments (Martinelli & Plescia, 2005) have recently ascertained that calcareous-marl ...
Reliability and Improvements of Water Titration by the Karl Fischer
... dielectric withstand strength and may generate gaseous bubbles in the liquid insulation. Aging gains importance since utilities keep transformers in service even if the estimated life cycle is exceeded. Hence the number of wet transformers because of aging or even inadequate maintenance increases. ...
... dielectric withstand strength and may generate gaseous bubbles in the liquid insulation. Aging gains importance since utilities keep transformers in service even if the estimated life cycle is exceeded. Hence the number of wet transformers because of aging or even inadequate maintenance increases. ...
Gaseous fuel
... 2, 4, 4 trimethyl pentane have very good combustion characteristics i.e. It has very less knocking property when mixed with air, hence, its octance number is taken as 100 (Less knocking property – more octane number) The HC n – heptanes (C7H16) has more knocking property. So, its octane number is t ...
... 2, 4, 4 trimethyl pentane have very good combustion characteristics i.e. It has very less knocking property when mixed with air, hence, its octance number is taken as 100 (Less knocking property – more octane number) The HC n – heptanes (C7H16) has more knocking property. So, its octane number is t ...
Chapter 12
... From Greek petra = rock and oleum = oil Thick, dark brown or greenish liquid •Complex mixture of various hydrocarbons, largely of the alkane series •May vary much in appearance, composition, and purity •Petroleum is also the raw material for many chemical products: fuels & solvents •Can be altered i ...
... From Greek petra = rock and oleum = oil Thick, dark brown or greenish liquid •Complex mixture of various hydrocarbons, largely of the alkane series •May vary much in appearance, composition, and purity •Petroleum is also the raw material for many chemical products: fuels & solvents •Can be altered i ...
Using the Molar Mass of Octane (Advanced)
... Gasoline is not a simple chemical compound like water or ethanol. It is a mixture of hundreds of different compounds. The reason for this is that gasoline is made from crude oil (petroleum) which is made up of thousands of different compounds. After the oil is produced (or taken out of the ground vi ...
... Gasoline is not a simple chemical compound like water or ethanol. It is a mixture of hundreds of different compounds. The reason for this is that gasoline is made from crude oil (petroleum) which is made up of thousands of different compounds. After the oil is produced (or taken out of the ground vi ...
Petroleum
Petroleum (L. petroleum, from early 15c. ""petroleum, rock oil"" (mid-14c. in Anglo-French), from Medieval Latin petroleum, from Latin: petra: ""rock"" + oleum: ""oil"".) is a naturally occurring, yellow-to-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface, which is commonly refined into various types of fuels.It consists of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights and other organic compounds. The name petroleum covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude oil and petroleum products that are made up of refined crude oil. A fossil fuel, petroleum is formed when large quantities of dead organisms, usually zooplankton and algae, are buried underneath sedimentary rock and subjected to intense heat and pressure.Petroleum is recovered mostly through oil drilling (natural petroleum springs are rare). This comes after the studies of structural geology (at the reservoir scale), sedimentary basin analysis, reservoir characterization (mainly in terms of the porosity and permeability of geologic reservoir structures). It is refined and separated, most easily by distillation, into a large number of consumer products, from gasoline (petrol) and kerosene to asphalt and chemical reagents used to make plastics and pharmaceuticals. Petroleum is used in manufacturing a wide variety of materials, and it is estimated that the world consumes about 90 million barrels each day.Concern over the depletion of the earth's finite reserves of oil, and the effect this would have on a society dependent on it, is a concept known as peak oil. The use of fossil fuels, such as petroleum, has a negative impact on Earth's biosphere, damaging ecosystems through events such as oil spills and releasing a range of pollutants into the air including ground-level ozone and sulfur dioxide from sulfur impurities in fossil fuels.