Cloning Vectors A cloning vector is a DNA molecule that can carry
... to carry only 1–20 kb. They can replicate as plasmids if they have a suitable origin of replication: for example SV40 ori in mammalian cells, ColE1 ori for double-stranded DNA replication or f1 ori for single-stranded DNA replication in prokaryotes. They frequently also contain a gene for selection ...
... to carry only 1–20 kb. They can replicate as plasmids if they have a suitable origin of replication: for example SV40 ori in mammalian cells, ColE1 ori for double-stranded DNA replication or f1 ori for single-stranded DNA replication in prokaryotes. They frequently also contain a gene for selection ...
Nerve activates contraction
... • For example, a foreign gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid and this recombinant DNA molecule is returned to a bacterial cell. • Every time this cell reproduces, the recombinant plasmid is replicated as well and passed on to its descendents. • Under suitable conditions, the bacterial clone wi ...
... • For example, a foreign gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid and this recombinant DNA molecule is returned to a bacterial cell. • Every time this cell reproduces, the recombinant plasmid is replicated as well and passed on to its descendents. • Under suitable conditions, the bacterial clone wi ...
Botany LBC-101 Unit-II lect
... cytoplasm. They consist of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Their DNA contains a single, circular molecule, which is compact and tightly wound. No protein is associated with DNA. 7. The archaebacterial cell may contain plasmids, which are small, circular pieces of DNA. They can duplicate independent of a large ...
... cytoplasm. They consist of ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Their DNA contains a single, circular molecule, which is compact and tightly wound. No protein is associated with DNA. 7. The archaebacterial cell may contain plasmids, which are small, circular pieces of DNA. They can duplicate independent of a large ...
A significant similarity is the fact that both prokaryotes and
... ribosomes which are the organelles responsible for accurately translating this linear genetic code (via messenger RNA) into a linear sequence of amino acids to produce a protein. This is because all cells require the continued synthesis of new proteins for growth and repair. These ribosomes are diff ...
... ribosomes which are the organelles responsible for accurately translating this linear genetic code (via messenger RNA) into a linear sequence of amino acids to produce a protein. This is because all cells require the continued synthesis of new proteins for growth and repair. These ribosomes are diff ...
Introduction of an Active DNA Microarray Fabrication for Medical
... sequences or probes deposited in an ordering arrangement on a solid surface, such as a glass slide, silicon wafer or membrane. Each DNA probe is complementary to a DNA sequence within one or more genes. The DNA used to create a microarray is often from a group of related genes such as those expresse ...
... sequences or probes deposited in an ordering arrangement on a solid surface, such as a glass slide, silicon wafer or membrane. Each DNA probe is complementary to a DNA sequence within one or more genes. The DNA used to create a microarray is often from a group of related genes such as those expresse ...
Improved recovery of DNA from polyacrylamide gels after in situ
... footprint ladders (data not shown). In situ techniques clearly improve the quality of footprinting results, and meltable acrylamide matrices such as Oligoprep shorten the protocol significantly. Using the procedure described here, a high-quality footprinting experiment can be completed within 1 day. ...
... footprint ladders (data not shown). In situ techniques clearly improve the quality of footprinting results, and meltable acrylamide matrices such as Oligoprep shorten the protocol significantly. Using the procedure described here, a high-quality footprinting experiment can be completed within 1 day. ...
PASS MOCK EXAM
... 15. In what stage of mitosis does i) the nucleolus disappear? ii) the nuclear envelope fragment? A) Prophase; Prometaphase B) Prophase; Prophase C) Prometaphase; Prometaphase D) Prometaphase, Metaphase E) Metaphase, Prometa ...
... 15. In what stage of mitosis does i) the nucleolus disappear? ii) the nuclear envelope fragment? A) Prophase; Prometaphase B) Prophase; Prophase C) Prometaphase; Prometaphase D) Prometaphase, Metaphase E) Metaphase, Prometa ...
Section A: DNA Cloning CHAPTER 20 DNA TECHNOLOGY AND
... • For example, a foreign gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid and this recombinant DNA molecule is returned to a bacterial cell. • Every time this cell reproduces, the recombinant plasmid is replicated as well and passed on to its descendents. • Under suitable conditions, the bacterial clone wi ...
... • For example, a foreign gene is inserted into a bacterial plasmid and this recombinant DNA molecule is returned to a bacterial cell. • Every time this cell reproduces, the recombinant plasmid is replicated as well and passed on to its descendents. • Under suitable conditions, the bacterial clone wi ...
Gel Electrophoresis
... molecules through an agarose gel Electrical Current: Establishes electric field between the positive and negative electrodes Causes molecules to move from well (where samples are loaded) through the gel Positive molecules move toward negative end Negative molecules move toward positive end ...
... molecules through an agarose gel Electrical Current: Establishes electric field between the positive and negative electrodes Causes molecules to move from well (where samples are loaded) through the gel Positive molecules move toward negative end Negative molecules move toward positive end ...
Purification/UV-Vis Analysis Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR
... virginianus) as a means to track maternal and paternal breeding history within various populations located in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Thirty-three samples, representing a large variety in terms of age and sex, were procured via parks. DNA was originally obtained from liver tissue, but the experimenta ...
... virginianus) as a means to track maternal and paternal breeding history within various populations located in Ohio and Pennsylvania. Thirty-three samples, representing a large variety in terms of age and sex, were procured via parks. DNA was originally obtained from liver tissue, but the experimenta ...
Lecture III.1. Bacteria and Archaea.
... Questions. 4. (6 pts) Imagine yourself a bacterium in a biofilm. Your fellow bacteria are busily producing EPS from which they and you benefit. Why shouldn’t you produce less EPS than the others? After all, EPS is metabolically expensive, and the energy saved could be used to increase your rate of ...
... Questions. 4. (6 pts) Imagine yourself a bacterium in a biofilm. Your fellow bacteria are busily producing EPS from which they and you benefit. Why shouldn’t you produce less EPS than the others? After all, EPS is metabolically expensive, and the energy saved could be used to increase your rate of ...
Chapter 20
... Problems Associated with Animal Cloning • In most nuclear transplantation studies, only a small percentage of cloned embryos have developed normally to birth, and many cloned animals exhibit defects • Many epigenetic changes, such as acetylation of histones or methylation of DNA, must be reversed i ...
... Problems Associated with Animal Cloning • In most nuclear transplantation studies, only a small percentage of cloned embryos have developed normally to birth, and many cloned animals exhibit defects • Many epigenetic changes, such as acetylation of histones or methylation of DNA, must be reversed i ...
Macromolecules - Essentials Education
... Genes on the DNA code for a specific sequence of amino acids (aa) that comprise a polypeptide. Several poypeptides usually make up a protein. They can also code for the production of an RNA molecule. ...
... Genes on the DNA code for a specific sequence of amino acids (aa) that comprise a polypeptide. Several poypeptides usually make up a protein. They can also code for the production of an RNA molecule. ...
PART I
... result, there is no inclusion of ancillary, unwanted traits that need to be eliminated in subsequent generations, as often happens with traditional plant breeding. Application of recombinant DNA technology to plant breeding also allows more rapid development of varieties containing new and desirable ...
... result, there is no inclusion of ancillary, unwanted traits that need to be eliminated in subsequent generations, as often happens with traditional plant breeding. Application of recombinant DNA technology to plant breeding also allows more rapid development of varieties containing new and desirable ...
dr prem raj`s notes
... cytosine (C). These nucleotides make up the genetic language of life. The order of the nucleotides encodes all of the cell's information. • A set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein is called a gene, and each chromosome contains thousands of genes. Since the proteins a cell produces ar ...
... cytosine (C). These nucleotides make up the genetic language of life. The order of the nucleotides encodes all of the cell's information. • A set of nucleotides that code for a particular protein is called a gene, and each chromosome contains thousands of genes. Since the proteins a cell produces ar ...
Restriction Enzymes
... the cleavage of the phosphodiester bonds within both strands of DNA. • They require Mg+2 for activity and generate a 5 prime (5') phosphate and a 3 prime (3') hydroxyl group at the point of cleavage. • The distinguishing feature of restriction enzymes is that they only cut at very specific sequences ...
... the cleavage of the phosphodiester bonds within both strands of DNA. • They require Mg+2 for activity and generate a 5 prime (5') phosphate and a 3 prime (3') hydroxyl group at the point of cleavage. • The distinguishing feature of restriction enzymes is that they only cut at very specific sequences ...
Final Exam 2012 - Med Study Group
... have hydrophilic surfaces facing the cytoplasm. 22. According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, proteins of the membrane are mostly • spread in a continuous layer over the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane. • confined to the hydrophobic core of the membrane. • embedded in a li ...
... have hydrophilic surfaces facing the cytoplasm. 22. According to the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, proteins of the membrane are mostly • spread in a continuous layer over the inner and outer surfaces of the membrane. • confined to the hydrophobic core of the membrane. • embedded in a li ...
66Biotechnology2008
... But it would be so much easier if we didn’t have to use bacteria every time… AP Biology ...
... But it would be so much easier if we didn’t have to use bacteria every time… AP Biology ...
Transformation (genetics)
In molecular biology, transformation is the genetic alteration of a cell resulting from the direct uptake and incorporation of exogenous genetic material (exogenous DNA) from its surroundings and taken up through the cell membrane(s). Transformation occurs naturally in some species of bacteria, but it can also be effected by artificial means in other cells. For transformation to happen, bacteria must be in a state of competence, which might occur as a time-limited response to environmental conditions such as starvation and cell density.Transformation is one of three processes by which exogenous genetic material may be introduced into a bacterial cell, the other two being conjugation (transfer of genetic material between two bacterial cells in direct contact) and transduction (injection of foreign DNA by a bacteriophage virus into the host bacterium).""Transformation"" may also be used to describe the insertion of new genetic material into nonbacterial cells, including animal and plant cells; however, because ""transformation"" has a special meaning in relation to animal cells, indicating progression to a cancerous state, the term should be avoided for animal cells when describing introduction of exogenous genetic material. Introduction of foreign DNA into eukaryotic cells is often called ""transfection"".