Chapter 10 THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
... • describe the various shapes of skeletal muscles and relate this to their functions; • explain what is meant by the origin, insertion, belly, action, and innervation of a muscle; • describe the ways that muscles work in groups to aid, oppose, or moderate each other’s actions; • distinguish between ...
... • describe the various shapes of skeletal muscles and relate this to their functions; • explain what is meant by the origin, insertion, belly, action, and innervation of a muscle; • describe the ways that muscles work in groups to aid, oppose, or moderate each other’s actions; • distinguish between ...
The auditory pathway: Levels of integration of information and
... ganglion of Corti (SGC), the auditory nerve (AN), the cochlear nuclei (CN), the superior olivary complex (SOC), the lateral lemniscus (LL), the inferior colliculus (IC), the medial geniculate body and the AC, including the auditory efferent pathway, are given. We describe how electrical impulses tra ...
... ganglion of Corti (SGC), the auditory nerve (AN), the cochlear nuclei (CN), the superior olivary complex (SOC), the lateral lemniscus (LL), the inferior colliculus (IC), the medial geniculate body and the AC, including the auditory efferent pathway, are given. We describe how electrical impulses tra ...
Neural correlates of decision processes
... SC in monkeys performing pop-out visual search found that neurons with combined visual and movementrelated activity (visuomovement neurons) discriminated the target from distractors but phasic and tonic visual neurons did not [25]. Also, the relationship between the time of target discrimination an ...
... SC in monkeys performing pop-out visual search found that neurons with combined visual and movementrelated activity (visuomovement neurons) discriminated the target from distractors but phasic and tonic visual neurons did not [25]. Also, the relationship between the time of target discrimination an ...
text
... N.Cuneatus. Second order neurons send axons that cross, and continue close to midline as the Medial Lemniscus (ML). Note that at this point information from one side of the body is carried by the ML on the opposite side (crossed). The ML brings sensory information to the thalamus ending up in the ve ...
... N.Cuneatus. Second order neurons send axons that cross, and continue close to midline as the Medial Lemniscus (ML). Note that at this point information from one side of the body is carried by the ML on the opposite side (crossed). The ML brings sensory information to the thalamus ending up in the ve ...
Chapter 20
... v. The cervical portion of each sympathetic trunk is subdivided into: a. superior cervical ganglion whose postganglionic fibers serve the head and heart b. middle cervical ganglion whose postganglionic fibers innervate the heart c. inferior cervical ganglion whose postganglionic fibers also innervat ...
... v. The cervical portion of each sympathetic trunk is subdivided into: a. superior cervical ganglion whose postganglionic fibers serve the head and heart b. middle cervical ganglion whose postganglionic fibers innervate the heart c. inferior cervical ganglion whose postganglionic fibers also innervat ...
Neuroanatomy for Nerve Conduction Studies
... Normal values (Preston)9 • Amplitude ≥ 5 µV • Conduction velocity ≥ 50 m/s • Distal peak latency ≤ 3.2 ms Normal values (Pribyl)8 • Amplitude ≥ 10 µV • Conduction velocity ≥ 41.7 m/s • Distal peak latency mean 2.1 ms Notes • The nerve is superficial, and maximal responses usually can be obtai ...
... Normal values (Preston)9 • Amplitude ≥ 5 µV • Conduction velocity ≥ 50 m/s • Distal peak latency ≤ 3.2 ms Normal values (Pribyl)8 • Amplitude ≥ 10 µV • Conduction velocity ≥ 41.7 m/s • Distal peak latency mean 2.1 ms Notes • The nerve is superficial, and maximal responses usually can be obtai ...
ALS Pathway
... o Aδ Fibers: myelinated for fast sharp pain (short duration) o C Fibers: unmyelinated for slow burning pain (long duration) ...
... o Aδ Fibers: myelinated for fast sharp pain (short duration) o C Fibers: unmyelinated for slow burning pain (long duration) ...
motor systems
... supplementary motor area (SMA), a number of separately identifiable motor areas are found in the premotor cortex anterior to M1 and the SMA and in the cingulate sulcus inferior to SMA. These cortical areas are connected with one another and receive input from prefrontal and parietal cortical areas a ...
... supplementary motor area (SMA), a number of separately identifiable motor areas are found in the premotor cortex anterior to M1 and the SMA and in the cingulate sulcus inferior to SMA. These cortical areas are connected with one another and receive input from prefrontal and parietal cortical areas a ...
The Motor System of the Cortex and the Brain Stem
... their discharge might be invariant to changes in arm configuration. Indeed, among nearly all the task related PMv cells that were found, discharge was related to the direction of the target with respect to the cursor and not affected significantly by changes to the arm’s configuration. Neurons in th ...
... their discharge might be invariant to changes in arm configuration. Indeed, among nearly all the task related PMv cells that were found, discharge was related to the direction of the target with respect to the cursor and not affected significantly by changes to the arm’s configuration. Neurons in th ...
Neural tube defects Nervous system
... -Gluteal cleft anomalies other than dimples also have a weak association with milder forms of OSD and warrant further evaluation Therefore, a deviated or duplicated (“split”) gluteal cleft should raise concern for OSD, whether or not a dimple is present ...
... -Gluteal cleft anomalies other than dimples also have a weak association with milder forms of OSD and warrant further evaluation Therefore, a deviated or duplicated (“split”) gluteal cleft should raise concern for OSD, whether or not a dimple is present ...
Neural Oscillation www.AssignmentPoint.com Neural oscillation is
... result in synchronized input into other cortical areas, which gives rise to largeamplitude oscillations of the local field potential. These large-scale oscillations can also be measured outside the scalp using electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The electric potentials gen ...
... result in synchronized input into other cortical areas, which gives rise to largeamplitude oscillations of the local field potential. These large-scale oscillations can also be measured outside the scalp using electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The electric potentials gen ...
39_LectureSlides
... In isolation, monkeys were healthy but behaviorally devastated (autistic-like features) With a surrogate mother, most extreme symptoms not present; peer contact alleviated further symptoms. Isolation of animals after 18 months did not have such consequences. ...
... In isolation, monkeys were healthy but behaviorally devastated (autistic-like features) With a surrogate mother, most extreme symptoms not present; peer contact alleviated further symptoms. Isolation of animals after 18 months did not have such consequences. ...
Mechanism of acute and chronic pain
... enhanced. The latter state can result from central sensitization ...
... enhanced. The latter state can result from central sensitization ...
Neuromuscular/Vocal Heath PowerPoint
... Loud social events and those in which cigarette smoke or alcohol are involved pose serious risk to vocal health Some forms of outside employment may involve excessive or improper use of the NMS system ...
... Loud social events and those in which cigarette smoke or alcohol are involved pose serious risk to vocal health Some forms of outside employment may involve excessive or improper use of the NMS system ...
Nervous System Power Point
... preganglionic neurons from the spinal cord or brainstem to autonomic ganglia. There they are relayed across synapses to postganglionic neurons, which then conduct the impulses from the ganglia to visceral effectors. ...
... preganglionic neurons from the spinal cord or brainstem to autonomic ganglia. There they are relayed across synapses to postganglionic neurons, which then conduct the impulses from the ganglia to visceral effectors. ...
Motor Unit Number Est.
... the assumption that all motor axons are activated by supramaximal stimulation is generally true, it may not be the case in the presence of disease in which there are high-threshold axons (as in severe demyelination and regenerated axons). In these situations, the supramaximal compound muscle action ...
... the assumption that all motor axons are activated by supramaximal stimulation is generally true, it may not be the case in the presence of disease in which there are high-threshold axons (as in severe demyelination and regenerated axons). In these situations, the supramaximal compound muscle action ...
Leap 2 - Teacher - Teacher Enrichment Initiatives
... receptor areas on the dendrite of the next neuron. The receptors are specialized, so they receive only their “own” neurotransmitter. As the neurotransmitter is received by the receptor, it triggers electrical impulses which travel through the neuron to the axon tip at the next synapse and the proces ...
... receptor areas on the dendrite of the next neuron. The receptors are specialized, so they receive only their “own” neurotransmitter. As the neurotransmitter is received by the receptor, it triggers electrical impulses which travel through the neuron to the axon tip at the next synapse and the proces ...
Use the following information to answer the next question.
... Nerve impulses would also be reduced because of the axonopathy. While the speed of nerve impulse conduction could be normal, defects within the axons themselves would inhibit conduction. As a result, fewer nerve impulses would be transmitted. • Describe two kinds of evidence that could be obtained f ...
... Nerve impulses would also be reduced because of the axonopathy. While the speed of nerve impulse conduction could be normal, defects within the axons themselves would inhibit conduction. As a result, fewer nerve impulses would be transmitted. • Describe two kinds of evidence that could be obtained f ...
Cerebellum
... Dysarthria and scanning speech Nystagmus Hypotonia Cerebellar ataxia (Romberg test) Dysmetria Diplopia Cognitive dysfunction ...
... Dysarthria and scanning speech Nystagmus Hypotonia Cerebellar ataxia (Romberg test) Dysmetria Diplopia Cognitive dysfunction ...
Motor Pathways
... • Motor equivalence – Individual motor actions share important characteristics even when performed in different ways ...
... • Motor equivalence – Individual motor actions share important characteristics even when performed in different ways ...
Introduction to Physiology: The Cell and General Physiology
... spasm of local muscles. • Inflammation of peritoneum can cause abdominal muscle spasm. • Muscle cramps caused by painful stimulus in muscle: – can be due to cold, ischemia, of overactivity – reflex contraction increases painful stimulus and causes more muscle contraction Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier ...
... spasm of local muscles. • Inflammation of peritoneum can cause abdominal muscle spasm. • Muscle cramps caused by painful stimulus in muscle: – can be due to cold, ischemia, of overactivity – reflex contraction increases painful stimulus and causes more muscle contraction Copyright © 2006 by Elsevier ...
Operative record sheet for Decompressive Laminectomy Date of
... interarticularis cranial to caudal. Confirmed exposed levels with fluoroscope. Pedicle screws was inserted at inferolateral aspect of the intersection of facet and transverse process. Decorticate entry site with rhongeur and awl to open the cortex then place curve probe into pedicle track until sign ...
... interarticularis cranial to caudal. Confirmed exposed levels with fluoroscope. Pedicle screws was inserted at inferolateral aspect of the intersection of facet and transverse process. Decorticate entry site with rhongeur and awl to open the cortex then place curve probe into pedicle track until sign ...
The three minds of body
... The heart-mind interaction takes place both by electrical signals (via the vagus and the spinal chord nerves) and through chemicals (heart is an endocrine gland also). Recent studies have shown that heart sends signals to the brain that are not only understood by it but also obeyed. Scientists have ...
... The heart-mind interaction takes place both by electrical signals (via the vagus and the spinal chord nerves) and through chemicals (heart is an endocrine gland also). Recent studies have shown that heart sends signals to the brain that are not only understood by it but also obeyed. Scientists have ...
Dorsal Spinocerebellar Tract
... Lesions and Clinical Deficits – Tabes Dorsalis Degeneration of myelinated afferent fibers in the dorsal columns, (destroys large diameter axons), is a late stage of syphilis. ...
... Lesions and Clinical Deficits – Tabes Dorsalis Degeneration of myelinated afferent fibers in the dorsal columns, (destroys large diameter axons), is a late stage of syphilis. ...
Microneurography
Microneurography is a neurophysiological method employed by scientists to visualize and record the normal traffic of nerve impulses that are conducted in peripheral nerves of waking human subjects. The method has been successfully employed to reveal functional properties of a number of neural systems, e.g. sensory systems related to touch, pain, and muscle sense as well as sympathetic activity controlling the constriction state of blood vessels. To study nerve impulses of an identified neural system, a fine tungsten needle electrode is inserted into the nerve and connected to a high gain recording amplifier. The exact position of the electrode tip within the nerve is then adjusted in minute steps until the electrode discriminates impulses of the neural system of interest. A unique feature and a significant strength of the microneurography method is that subjects are fully awake and able to cooperate in tests requiring mental attention, while impulses in a representative nerve fibre or set of nerve fibres are recorded, e.g. when cutaneous sense organs are stimulated or subjects perform voluntary precision movements.