Quantum-Secure Coin-Flipping and Applications
... adversary is argued using rewinding of the adversary. But in general, rewinding as a proof technique cannot be directly applied, if Bob runs a quantum computer: First, the intermediate state of a quantum system cannot be copied [21], and second, quantum measurements are in general irreversible. Hen ...
... adversary is argued using rewinding of the adversary. But in general, rewinding as a proof technique cannot be directly applied, if Bob runs a quantum computer: First, the intermediate state of a quantum system cannot be copied [21], and second, quantum measurements are in general irreversible. Hen ...
ELECTRON TRANSPORT AT THE NANOSCALE Lecture Notes, preliminary version Geert Brocks December 2005
... The device shown in Fig. 1.2 is called a tunnel junction. The left and right regions consist of metals and the middle region consists of an insulator material, usually a metal-oxide.8 Such devices can be made in a very controlled way with the middle region having a thickness of a few nm. One is inte ...
... The device shown in Fig. 1.2 is called a tunnel junction. The left and right regions consist of metals and the middle region consists of an insulator material, usually a metal-oxide.8 Such devices can be made in a very controlled way with the middle region having a thickness of a few nm. One is inte ...
Quantum Computer - Physics, Computer Science and Engineering
... (several answers to different classical computation) in the time it takes a classical computer to find just one of these answers… ...
... (several answers to different classical computation) in the time it takes a classical computer to find just one of these answers… ...
Resonances, dissipation and decoherence in exotic and artificial atoms
... be approached exactly in the same way. This raises the question how the electron confinement in the dot should be modelled. The most common choice is a two-dimensional (or, in case of spherical quantum dots, three-dimensional) harmonic oscillator potential, since the solutions for the one-particle p ...
... be approached exactly in the same way. This raises the question how the electron confinement in the dot should be modelled. The most common choice is a two-dimensional (or, in case of spherical quantum dots, three-dimensional) harmonic oscillator potential, since the solutions for the one-particle p ...
Introduction to Quantum Computing (2010) (e-book)
... computation in several respects when it comes to the processing of the information. For example, we cannot read a quantum data without having the state becoming the measured value; from the No Cloning Theorem, an arbitrary state cannot be cloned; and the state may be in a superposition of basis valu ...
... computation in several respects when it comes to the processing of the information. For example, we cannot read a quantum data without having the state becoming the measured value; from the No Cloning Theorem, an arbitrary state cannot be cloned; and the state may be in a superposition of basis valu ...
Partial Observation of Quantum Turing Machine and Weaker Well
... states that if K is composed of a unique block, then the evolution of a QTM M and the OQTM [M ]K are the same. Another example where K is a bipartition is given in lemma 5. In that example, for a given QTM M , M and [M ]K do not have the same evolution, however in this particular example the computa ...
... states that if K is composed of a unique block, then the evolution of a QTM M and the OQTM [M ]K are the same. Another example where K is a bipartition is given in lemma 5. In that example, for a given QTM M , M and [M ]K do not have the same evolution, however in this particular example the computa ...
Particle in a box
In quantum mechanics, the particle in a box model (also known as the infinite potential well or the infinite square well) describes a particle free to move in a small space surrounded by impenetrable barriers. The model is mainly used as a hypothetical example to illustrate the differences between classical and quantum systems. In classical systems, for example a ball trapped inside a large box, the particle can move at any speed within the box and it is no more likely to be found at one position than another. However, when the well becomes very narrow (on the scale of a few nanometers), quantum effects become important. The particle may only occupy certain positive energy levels. Likewise, it can never have zero energy, meaning that the particle can never ""sit still"". Additionally, it is more likely to be found at certain positions than at others, depending on its energy level. The particle may never be detected at certain positions, known as spatial nodes.The particle in a box model provides one of the very few problems in quantum mechanics which can be solved analytically, without approximations. This means that the observable properties of the particle (such as its energy and position) are related to the mass of the particle and the width of the well by simple mathematical expressions. Due to its simplicity, the model allows insight into quantum effects without the need for complicated mathematics. It is one of the first quantum mechanics problems taught in undergraduate physics courses, and it is commonly used as an approximation for more complicated quantum systems.