Mirror QCD and Cosmological Constant
... corresponds to the minimum of the non-perturbative effective YM Lagrangian (12). It holds strictly beyond the Perturbation Theory, just like the YM trace anomaly itself. Thus, the exact solution (15) corresponds to the physical quantum ground state of an effective YM theory. It is important to point ...
... corresponds to the minimum of the non-perturbative effective YM Lagrangian (12). It holds strictly beyond the Perturbation Theory, just like the YM trace anomaly itself. Thus, the exact solution (15) corresponds to the physical quantum ground state of an effective YM theory. It is important to point ...
Specker`s Parable of the Over-protective Seer: A Road to
... state that yields a nonzero probability of anti-correlation for every adjacent pair. When the overall probability is higher than one could account for classically, we arrive at a Klyachko-type proof of quantum contextuality [9]. ii) A new variant of Klyachko’s proof of contextuality. Find a quantum ...
... state that yields a nonzero probability of anti-correlation for every adjacent pair. When the overall probability is higher than one could account for classically, we arrive at a Klyachko-type proof of quantum contextuality [9]. ii) A new variant of Klyachko’s proof of contextuality. Find a quantum ...
QUANTUM COMPUTING: AN OVERVIEW
... a measurement of a is made, the outcome is one of the eigenvalues λj of A. Let λ1 and λ2 be two eigenvalues of A: A|λi = λi |λi . Consider a superposition state c1 |λ1 + c2 |λ2 . If we measure a in this state, the state undergoes an abrupt change (wave function collapse) to one of the eigensta ...
... a measurement of a is made, the outcome is one of the eigenvalues λj of A. Let λ1 and λ2 be two eigenvalues of A: A|λi = λi |λi . Consider a superposition state c1 |λ1 + c2 |λ2 . If we measure a in this state, the state undergoes an abrupt change (wave function collapse) to one of the eigensta ...
Chapter 1
... instance, Richard Feynman observed that quantum mechanics problems are very difficult to solve on a classical computer. This observation caused him to conclude – “we need a quantum computer to model quantum mechanical phenomena efficiently”. While working on the problem of testing quantum circuits, ...
... instance, Richard Feynman observed that quantum mechanics problems are very difficult to solve on a classical computer. This observation caused him to conclude – “we need a quantum computer to model quantum mechanical phenomena efficiently”. While working on the problem of testing quantum circuits, ...
Toward a scalable, silicon-based quantum computing architecture
... Although a quantum system may exist in a superposition of orthogonal states, only one of those states can be observed, or measured. After measurement, the system is no longer in superposition: the quantum state collapses into the one state measured, and the probability amplitude of all other states ...
... Although a quantum system may exist in a superposition of orthogonal states, only one of those states can be observed, or measured. After measurement, the system is no longer in superposition: the quantum state collapses into the one state measured, and the probability amplitude of all other states ...
![arXiv:math/0606118v4 [math.PR] 5 Dec 2006](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/013514025_1-1bac3cda767b4b11f4a6d27e549df5b9-300x300.png)
Recurrence spectroscopy of atoms in electric fields: Failure of classical
... Experiments show oscillations in the average photoabsorption rate from low-lying initial states to unresolved final states near the ionization threshold of atoms in external electric and magnetic fields @1–3#. Closed-orbit theory attributes these oscillations to classical orbits of the electron that ...
... Experiments show oscillations in the average photoabsorption rate from low-lying initial states to unresolved final states near the ionization threshold of atoms in external electric and magnetic fields @1–3#. Closed-orbit theory attributes these oscillations to classical orbits of the electron that ...
Particle in a box
In quantum mechanics, the particle in a box model (also known as the infinite potential well or the infinite square well) describes a particle free to move in a small space surrounded by impenetrable barriers. The model is mainly used as a hypothetical example to illustrate the differences between classical and quantum systems. In classical systems, for example a ball trapped inside a large box, the particle can move at any speed within the box and it is no more likely to be found at one position than another. However, when the well becomes very narrow (on the scale of a few nanometers), quantum effects become important. The particle may only occupy certain positive energy levels. Likewise, it can never have zero energy, meaning that the particle can never ""sit still"". Additionally, it is more likely to be found at certain positions than at others, depending on its energy level. The particle may never be detected at certain positions, known as spatial nodes.The particle in a box model provides one of the very few problems in quantum mechanics which can be solved analytically, without approximations. This means that the observable properties of the particle (such as its energy and position) are related to the mass of the particle and the width of the well by simple mathematical expressions. Due to its simplicity, the model allows insight into quantum effects without the need for complicated mathematics. It is one of the first quantum mechanics problems taught in undergraduate physics courses, and it is commonly used as an approximation for more complicated quantum systems.