SEQUENTIALLY INDEPENDENT EFFECTS 1. Introduction
... These are measurements that only have two possible results, usually taken to be 0 and 1. A paradigm situation is an optical bench in which a beam of particles prepared in a certain state is injected at the left and then subjected to a sequence of filters F1 , . . . , Fn . Particles that pass through ...
... These are measurements that only have two possible results, usually taken to be 0 and 1. A paradigm situation is an optical bench in which a beam of particles prepared in a certain state is injected at the left and then subjected to a sequence of filters F1 , . . . , Fn . Particles that pass through ...
Niels Bohr`s Philosophy of Quantum
... becomes a generalization of "ordinary causality". As I said, the framework of complementarity is more than a means for surveying a range of atomic physical phenomena; it is a methodological effort to construct a proper map of an entirely new and surprising part of the world, which no quantum physici ...
... becomes a generalization of "ordinary causality". As I said, the framework of complementarity is more than a means for surveying a range of atomic physical phenomena; it is a methodological effort to construct a proper map of an entirely new and surprising part of the world, which no quantum physici ...
The Spin Quantum Number
... that were clearly different colors but very close together. A fourth and final quantum number was added to the Bohr model to account for these light waves that differed by only a small amount of energy. ...
... that were clearly different colors but very close together. A fourth and final quantum number was added to the Bohr model to account for these light waves that differed by only a small amount of energy. ...
Generating nonclassical quantum input field states with modulating
... physically corresponding to modes in a cavity. The choice of (time-dependent) coupling operators describing the modulator will be important in shaping the output, however, in this set-up the crucial element determining nonvacuum statistics will be the initial state φ ∈ hM of the modulator. We consi ...
... physically corresponding to modes in a cavity. The choice of (time-dependent) coupling operators describing the modulator will be important in shaping the output, however, in this set-up the crucial element determining nonvacuum statistics will be the initial state φ ∈ hM of the modulator. We consi ...
The quantum does not reduce to discrete bits
... Yet another type is the stochastic bit. It is read as 0 or 1, but it can also be put in a randomized state where either possibility is equally likely. Once read as 0 or 1, it stays that way unless another operation flips it or puts it back into a randomized state. The idea is that 64 stochastic bits ...
... Yet another type is the stochastic bit. It is read as 0 or 1, but it can also be put in a randomized state where either possibility is equally likely. Once read as 0 or 1, it stays that way unless another operation flips it or puts it back into a randomized state. The idea is that 64 stochastic bits ...
Available PDF download
... follows. Because of emphasis on connections, in the classical theory the first order Palatini action is a more natural starting point than the second order Einstein-Hilbert action. Now, there is a freedom to add a term to the Palatini action which vanishes when Bianchi identities are satisfied and t ...
... follows. Because of emphasis on connections, in the classical theory the first order Palatini action is a more natural starting point than the second order Einstein-Hilbert action. Now, there is a freedom to add a term to the Palatini action which vanishes when Bianchi identities are satisfied and t ...
Second Order Refinements for the Classical Capacity of Quantum
... One of the landmark achievements in quantum information theory is the derivation of the coding theorem for sending classical information over a noisy quantum channel by Holevo [10], and independently by SchumacherWestmoreland [16]: the so-called HSW theorem. These results establish that the classica ...
... One of the landmark achievements in quantum information theory is the derivation of the coding theorem for sending classical information over a noisy quantum channel by Holevo [10], and independently by SchumacherWestmoreland [16]: the so-called HSW theorem. These results establish that the classica ...
Quantum annealing with manufactured spins
... the theoretical study of ideal isolated spin networks and the experimental investigation of bulk magnetic samples. Moreover, with an increased number of spins, such a system may provide a practical physical means to implement a quantum algorithm, possibly allowing more-effective approaches to solvin ...
... the theoretical study of ideal isolated spin networks and the experimental investigation of bulk magnetic samples. Moreover, with an increased number of spins, such a system may provide a practical physical means to implement a quantum algorithm, possibly allowing more-effective approaches to solvin ...
DYNAMICS AND INFORMATION (Published by Uspekhi
... The analysis of quantum chaos in a gas reveals that the rigorous justiécation of irreversibility requires an assumption of weak interaction of gas with the irreversible environment. This interaction can be exceptionally weak, and this circumstance allows us to call it the `information link'. Closed ...
... The analysis of quantum chaos in a gas reveals that the rigorous justiécation of irreversibility requires an assumption of weak interaction of gas with the irreversible environment. This interaction can be exceptionally weak, and this circumstance allows us to call it the `information link'. Closed ...
Precedence and freedom in quantum physics
... that the result of an individual measurement on elements of an entangled system could not be predicted by any knowledge of the past. An entangled state can be novel in that it can be formed from a composition of subsystems into a state never before occurring in the prior history of the universe. Th ...
... that the result of an individual measurement on elements of an entangled system could not be predicted by any knowledge of the past. An entangled state can be novel in that it can be formed from a composition of subsystems into a state never before occurring in the prior history of the universe. Th ...
Quantum computing
Quantum computing studies theoretical computation systems (quantum computers) that make direct use of quantum-mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. Quantum computers are different from digital computers based on transistors. Whereas digital computers require data to be encoded into binary digits (bits), each of which is always in one of two definite states (0 or 1), quantum computation uses quantum bits (qubits), which can be in superpositions of states. A quantum Turing machine is a theoretical model of such a computer, and is also known as the universal quantum computer. Quantum computers share theoretical similarities with non-deterministic and probabilistic computers. The field of quantum computing was initiated by the work of Yuri Manin in 1980, Richard Feynman in 1982, and David Deutsch in 1985. A quantum computer with spins as quantum bits was also formulated for use as a quantum space–time in 1968.As of 2015, the development of actual quantum computers is still in its infancy, but experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of quantum bits. Both practical and theoretical research continues, and many national governments and military agencies are funding quantum computing research in an effort to develop quantum computers for civilian, business, trade, and national security purposes, such as cryptanalysis.Large-scale quantum computers will be able to solve certain problems much more quickly than any classical computers that use even the best currently known algorithms, like integer factorization using Shor's algorithm or the simulation of quantum many-body systems. There exist quantum algorithms, such as Simon's algorithm, that run faster than any possible probabilistic classical algorithm.Given sufficient computational resources, however, a classical computer could be made to simulate any quantum algorithm, as quantum computation does not violate the Church–Turing thesis.