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... – Initial values of human capital (years of total schooling, higher schooling) • Government Policies – Restrictions: Capital Controls (IMF, AREAER). • Institutional Quality ...
1. For economists, the word "utility" means: A
1. For economists, the word "utility" means: A

... 52. Which of the following is a positive statement? A. The humidity is too high today. B. It is too hot to jog today. C. The temperature is 92 degrees today. D. Summer evenings are nice when it cools off. 53. Normative statements are concerned primarily with: A. facts and theories. B. what ought to ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
View PDF - CiteSeerX

... place under G.W. Bush for the purposes of purchasing a large number of nonperforming financial assets from the balance sheets of ailing banks. Although these purchases were executed by the Federal Reserve, they constitute fiscal policy because the Fed cannot purchase private sector liabilities from ...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Research Volume Title: Financial Sector Development in the Pacific Rim, East...
This PDF is a selection from a published volume from... Research Volume Title: Financial Sector Development in the Pacific Rim, East...

... A more stable big business sector might ease government’s fiscal uncertainty by providing stable and predictable tax inflows. This might be important in funding health care, education, public infrastructure, or other public goods that must be built up slowly over time. Some of the costs of these goo ...
Download Full Article
Download Full Article

... make production be different. Ownership and authorization of the resources by a country can become a major capital to create more products than a country of few resources. The difference of resource ownership between one country and another becomes an excuse to carry out trade activity between count ...
E J conomic Statistics in apan
E J conomic Statistics in apan

... Quality assessment framework is available and used to monitor the quality of economic statistics outputs Centralized national metadata repository is available and statistical releases are accompanied with metadata Centralized business register is currently used for multiple statistical products Esta ...
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NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DETERIORATION OF THE TERMS OF TRADE AND

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Industrial Districts and Economic Decline in Italy
Industrial Districts and Economic Decline in Italy

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Review of economic reform in China: features, experiences

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Chapter 3 The Origins Of Dualism David Rueda, Erik Wibbels and

... that come with valuable benefits and extensive labor market protections and those who work under contingent contracts or no contracts at all. This latter group receives few or no labor market protections and lower levels of social benefits. They are the world’s labor market outsiders. Recent researc ...
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Chapter 3

... If a nation spends less than its income, it has a budget surplus. The government will probably use a surplus to cut taxes, reduce the national debt, or increase spending for certain programs. Introduction to Business, Economic Activity in a Changing World ...
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E G conomic Statistics in uam

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Chapter 1

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Validity of the economic thoughts of Keynes and Marx for the 21st

... 1970 and their replacement by the vertical Phelp’s curve together with the notion of rational expectations. With the formation of the IMF and GATT, as institutions concerned with international finance and trade based on principles of free trade and comparative advantages, the stage was set for the g ...
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... growth hypothesis. For example, Saint-Paul (1992) and Obstfeld (1994) argue that a higher volume of cross-border transaction increases the productivity of capital by diversifying the risk of investment. Not only that, a greater risk diversification further encourages domestic investment in innovatio ...
English
English

... inequality that has accompanied the decrease in global inequality, but also to maintain support for an international division of labor that generates the greatest benefits for the globally least well-off. (Rodrik 2015; Bourguignon 2015; Milanovic 2011) The apparent trade-off between enhancing domest ...
Macroeconomics - Iowa State University Department of Economics
Macroeconomics - Iowa State University Department of Economics

... is booming and future cash flows are expected to be higher then you are in a very different position. You work for the company’s human resources department. To hire new workers now? That again requires you to judge how the economy is a whole is doing, because the depend for your company’s product de ...
The division of labor and economic development
The division of labor and economic development

... techniques that do not require a wide variety of these inputs. This in turn limits the size of the market for specialized inputs and the incentives to undertake their production. This is just a reflection of another old idea, which constitutes the third premise of our argument, namely, that the divi ...
Topic 5 Money & Investment HO
Topic 5 Money & Investment HO

... So we need to build a model economy like Chapters, 2, 4, 5 and 12, with realistic parameters for the production function, tastes for work and leisure, and investment function etc and check whether such an economy can replicate the observed stylised facts. ...
Sources of Growth in Latin America
Sources of Growth in Latin America

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Regulating international finance and the diversity of capitalism
Regulating international finance and the diversity of capitalism

... More precisely, they are the result of the interaction between different variants of capitalism and their preferences for international financial (de-)regulation. National growth models only exist in their interdependence with other national growth models. Since the 1970s, financialized and export-o ...
LEERTEXT - Heterodox Economics Newsletter
LEERTEXT - Heterodox Economics Newsletter

... sectors of an economy in the same way. However, a theory of employment is only implicit in Pasinetti (1981) through the necessary condition for full employment, for example relation II.2.8, p. 32. Pasinetti (1986b) starts from Sraffa’s (1960) model of circular and social production, on which basis t ...
ppt
ppt

... • The modern economist does not rely on one method. He uses both. It is said – “Induction and Deduction are both needed for scientific thought as the right and left foot are both needed for walking” ...
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Economic democracy

Economic democracy or stakeholder democracy is a socioeconomic philosophy that proposes to shift decision-making power from corporate managers and corporate shareholders to a larger group of public stakeholders that includes workers, customers, suppliers, neighbors and the broader public. No single definition or approach encompasses economic democracy, but most proponents claim that modern property relations externalize costs, subordinate the general well-being to private profit, and deny the polity a democratic voice in economic policy decisions. In addition to these moral concerns, economic democracy makes practical claims, such as that it can compensate for capitalism's inherent effective demand gap.Classical liberals argue that ownership and control over the means of production belongs to private firms and can only be sustained by means of consumer choice, exercised daily in the marketplace. ""The capitalistic social order"", they claim, therefore, ""is an economic democracy in the strictest sense of the word"". Critics of this claim point out that consumers only vote on the value of the product when they make a purchase; they are not participating in the management of firms, or voting on how the profits are to be used.Proponents of economic democracy generally argue that modern capitalism periodically results in economic crises characterized by deficiency of effective demand, as society is unable to earn enough income to purchase its output production. Corporate monopoly of common resources typically creates artificial scarcity, resulting in socio-economic imbalances that restrict workers from access to economic opportunity and diminish consumer purchasing power. Economic democracy has been proposed as a component of larger socioeconomic ideologies, as a stand-alone theory, and as a variety of reform agendas. For example, as a means to securing full economic rights, it opens a path to full political rights, defined as including the former. Both market and non-market theories of economic democracy have been proposed. As a reform agenda, supporting theories and real-world examples range from decentralization and economic liberalization to democratic cooperatives, public banking, fair trade, and the regionalization of food production and currency.
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