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demographic changes and fiscal policy in mena countries
... In this study, I examine the links between demographic change and fiscal policy in MENA countries, focusing specifically on the economic impacts coming from the conflict between social security and education, which are two of the most government programs in any country. Pension systems in MENA count ...
... In this study, I examine the links between demographic change and fiscal policy in MENA countries, focusing specifically on the economic impacts coming from the conflict between social security and education, which are two of the most government programs in any country. Pension systems in MENA count ...
Economic Benefits of Protecting Natural Resources in
... decisions are cast as a choice between a healthy environment or a healthy economyÑwe can have one or the other but not both. A variety of initiatives have been brought forward in Pima County in the last years regarding conservation of Sonoran Desert lands. The most recent, and by far the most compre ...
... decisions are cast as a choice between a healthy environment or a healthy economyÑwe can have one or the other but not both. A variety of initiatives have been brought forward in Pima County in the last years regarding conservation of Sonoran Desert lands. The most recent, and by far the most compre ...
Preview Sample 1
... A) the costs of production as a means of stimulating the economy and policies that raise capital and labour output by increasing the incentive to produce B) economic and financial data of the country by the application of mathematics and statistics C) the overall working of an economy in the society ...
... A) the costs of production as a means of stimulating the economy and policies that raise capital and labour output by increasing the incentive to produce B) economic and financial data of the country by the application of mathematics and statistics C) the overall working of an economy in the society ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES CONCEPTS AND MEASURES OF FEDERAL
... federal government deficit was offset by a still larger decline in the inflation-adjusted value of the previously issued national debt held by the ...
... federal government deficit was offset by a still larger decline in the inflation-adjusted value of the previously issued national debt held by the ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES IRREVERSIBILITY, UNCERTAINTY, AND CYCLICAL INVESTMENT Working Paper No. 502
... an all—or—nothing decision about the project. Instead, he may choose to invest in any positive quantity K of the project (or of the type of capital. under consideration). In subsequent periods he may increase, but not decrease, his holdings. The other parts of the problem are modified ...
... an all—or—nothing decision about the project. Instead, he may choose to invest in any positive quantity K of the project (or of the type of capital. under consideration). In subsequent periods he may increase, but not decrease, his holdings. The other parts of the problem are modified ...
Macroeconomics - IB-Econ
... Spending on capital goods by firms or on homes by households (both considered investments) contributes to the nation’s output and is thus an injection into the circular flow. ...
... Spending on capital goods by firms or on homes by households (both considered investments) contributes to the nation’s output and is thus an injection into the circular flow. ...
A Bit of a Miracle No More - Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia
... to the late 1980s — by breaking it down by sector. In doing so, we will understand the logic behind the “bit of a miracle” quip. The cutoff date is necessarily 1987, since the industry classification changed in that year. Fortunately, it is also the approximate end date of the stable period for the ...
... to the late 1980s — by breaking it down by sector. In doing so, we will understand the logic behind the “bit of a miracle” quip. The cutoff date is necessarily 1987, since the industry classification changed in that year. Fortunately, it is also the approximate end date of the stable period for the ...
human needs hierarchy and happiness
... substantial increases in real per capita income do not correspond to equivalent increases of individual happiness. In fact, there are examples where a negative correlation between real income and happiness were observed (see for instance, Easterlin, 1974; Oswald, 1997; Wright 2000; Lane, 2000). Thes ...
... substantial increases in real per capita income do not correspond to equivalent increases of individual happiness. In fact, there are examples where a negative correlation between real income and happiness were observed (see for instance, Easterlin, 1974; Oswald, 1997; Wright 2000; Lane, 2000). Thes ...
Welfare Effects of Demand Management Policies: Impact Multipliers
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
Macroeconomics - IB-Econ
... sector (a leakage) and banks provide households and firms with funds for investment (an injection) ...
... sector (a leakage) and banks provide households and firms with funds for investment (an injection) ...
A theory of countercyclical government multiplier
... Furthermore, increasing p ublic employment mechanically reduces the number of job seekers. Therefore, increasing public employment raises labor market tightness—the number of vacancies per jobseeker—and makes it more costly for firms to hire workers, thus reducing private employment. The governmen ...
... Furthermore, increasing p ublic employment mechanically reduces the number of job seekers. Therefore, increasing public employment raises labor market tightness—the number of vacancies per jobseeker—and makes it more costly for firms to hire workers, thus reducing private employment. The governmen ...
Welfare Effects of Demand Management Policies: Impact Multipliers
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
... The model used in this paper belongs to a class of computable general equilibrium model of which there are many recent examples. The model has been described in detail elsewhere, and its main features can be summarized as follows.2 The model distinguishes 14 production sectors, 8 labor types, and 12 ...
Practice Midterm Answers 2 - The University of Chicago Booth
... question, we are only going to focus on the effects of massive declines in U.S. wealth. Again, assume all other exogenous variables (government spending, tax rates, transfer programs, interest rates) are all held fixed through this example. Just focus your attention on what happens when individuals ...
... question, we are only going to focus on the effects of massive declines in U.S. wealth. Again, assume all other exogenous variables (government spending, tax rates, transfer programs, interest rates) are all held fixed through this example. Just focus your attention on what happens when individuals ...
Economics - University of the Punjab
... students. Students must be given two assignments each month to make sure that they have covered the reading material. The instructor may not deliver lecture on the same topic, if he / she thinks that the seminar has covered the literature at the required level. However, it may be followed up by home ...
... students. Students must be given two assignments each month to make sure that they have covered the reading material. The instructor may not deliver lecture on the same topic, if he / she thinks that the seminar has covered the literature at the required level. However, it may be followed up by home ...
A Neo-Darwinian Foundation of Evolutionary Economics. With an
... long-term adjustment and learning process. A vision always precedes the analytical research (see Schumpeter 1954a, p. 41). Schumpeter describes the theory of growth and development of the classical economists as “the theory of the organic growth of the economy” (2006/1912, p. 474). Development is th ...
... long-term adjustment and learning process. A vision always precedes the analytical research (see Schumpeter 1954a, p. 41). Schumpeter describes the theory of growth and development of the classical economists as “the theory of the organic growth of the economy” (2006/1912, p. 474). Development is th ...
vsi11 ec Fiaschi 16151107 en
... output in industrial sector cannot be preyed. The source of capital accumulation is the nonconsumed output of the productive sector. The competition for the appropriation of residual rents between the two groups is first modelled as a one-shot game, where both groups simultaneously choose how to all ...
... output in industrial sector cannot be preyed. The source of capital accumulation is the nonconsumed output of the productive sector. The competition for the appropriation of residual rents between the two groups is first modelled as a one-shot game, where both groups simultaneously choose how to all ...
Why Diversification
... index consisting of four components: (GDP), the share of labor force in industry, per capita electricity consumption per years and export concentration index. Accordingly, one can derive few conclusions as far as diversification is concerned. First, economic diversification is not an isolated proces ...
... index consisting of four components: (GDP), the share of labor force in industry, per capita electricity consumption per years and export concentration index. Accordingly, one can derive few conclusions as far as diversification is concerned. First, economic diversification is not an isolated proces ...
Economics Activities 3
... Economist James Buchanan won the Nobel prize in economics in 1987, for pioneering work he had done with Gordon Tullock and others in the new field of public choice economics. This approach applies the basic economic way of thinking to group decisions made through the electoral process or by some gov ...
... Economist James Buchanan won the Nobel prize in economics in 1987, for pioneering work he had done with Gordon Tullock and others in the new field of public choice economics. This approach applies the basic economic way of thinking to group decisions made through the electoral process or by some gov ...
Robert I. Barro
... the potential of public officials to amass personal wealth and to carry out unpopular policies. Since at least some policies that stimulate growth will also be politically ...
... the potential of public officials to amass personal wealth and to carry out unpopular policies. Since at least some policies that stimulate growth will also be politically ...
NBER WOR}(ING PAPERS SERIES MONEY, INTEREST AND PRICES Stanley Fischer
... example if each individual's money holdings were increased in the same proportion. Archibald and ...
... example if each individual's money holdings were increased in the same proportion. Archibald and ...
Review-exam#1 - Economics Department
... a. the number of goods and services produced in the economy. b. money value of final goods and services. c. number of workers employed in national production. d. all commodities but not services produced in the economy. Which of the following is included in GDP? a. the value of illegally produced go ...
... a. the number of goods and services produced in the economy. b. money value of final goods and services. c. number of workers employed in national production. d. all commodities but not services produced in the economy. Which of the following is included in GDP? a. the value of illegally produced go ...
The Concept of Scale and Its Relation to Allocation, Distribution, and
... to the ecosystem? Is there an optimal scale (less than the biophysical maximum) beyond which physical growth of the economic subsystem (even if possible) begins to cost more at the margin than it is worth, in terms of human welfare? You will not find these questions in standard economics textbooks. ...
... to the ecosystem? Is there an optimal scale (less than the biophysical maximum) beyond which physical growth of the economic subsystem (even if possible) begins to cost more at the margin than it is worth, in terms of human welfare? You will not find these questions in standard economics textbooks. ...
Chapter 1: Introduction
... We want workers to be somewhat choosy about what jobs they take--to be willing to think that "this job pays too little", or "this job would be too unpleasant", or "when the employers find out how unqualified I am to do this they will be very unhappy." This means that a well-functioning economy will ...
... We want workers to be somewhat choosy about what jobs they take--to be willing to think that "this job pays too little", or "this job would be too unpleasant", or "when the employers find out how unqualified I am to do this they will be very unhappy." This means that a well-functioning economy will ...
The economics of distribution and growth: Recent issues Growth
... Theories about rural-urban migration, such as the Kuznets hypothesis, cannot describe the relationship between inequality and growth in mature industrial economies; models based on credit market imperfections are applicable only to those economies where such imperfections are substantial; and the co ...
... Theories about rural-urban migration, such as the Kuznets hypothesis, cannot describe the relationship between inequality and growth in mature industrial economies; models based on credit market imperfections are applicable only to those economies where such imperfections are substantial; and the co ...
RETHINKING MACROECONOMICS: WHAT FAILED, AND HOW TO REPAIR IT Joseph E. Stiglitz
... the Standard Model provided little guidance as to what they should do, for example the best way to recapitalize the banks. Many of the critical policies before, during, and after the crisis were based on analyses of modern macroeconomics. Monetary authorities allowed bubbles to grow, partly because ...
... the Standard Model provided little guidance as to what they should do, for example the best way to recapitalize the banks. Many of the critical policies before, during, and after the crisis were based on analyses of modern macroeconomics. Monetary authorities allowed bubbles to grow, partly because ...