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Efficient assembly of complex objects
Efficient assembly of complex objects

... The purpose of the assembly operator is t o efficiently translate a set of complex objects from their disk representations t o a quickly traversable memory representation. Complex object refers t o one or more objects or object fragments connected by inter-object references. Note t h a t we do not r ...
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... Order By State; This is the SQL generated for the proc print statement only. As mentioned earlier the proc sort would not be necessary in this case. There are various reasons for using each type of access. Let’s take a look at a few examples of each. WHEN WOULD YOU USE SAS/ACCESS TRANSLATION TO SQL? ...
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Relational model



The relational model for database management is an approach to managing data using a structure and language consistent with first-order predicate logic, first described in 1969 by Edgar F. Codd. In the relational model of a database, all data is represented in terms of tuples, grouped into relations. A database organized in terms of the relational model is a relational database.The purpose of the relational model is to provide a declarative method for specifying data and queries: users directly state what information the database contains and what information they want from it, and let the database management system software take care of describing data structures for storing the data and retrieval procedures for answering queries.Most relational databases use the SQL data definition and query language; these systems implement what can be regarded as an engineering approximation to the relational model. A table in an SQL database schema corresponds to a predicate variable; the contents of a table to a relation; key constraints, other constraints, and SQL queries correspond to predicates. However, SQL databases deviate from the relational model in many details, and Codd fiercely argued against deviations that compromise the original principles.
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