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5 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases
5 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases

... • Used by relational databases to ensure that relationships between coupled tables remain consistent. • E.g., when one table has a foreign key that points to another table, you may not add a record to the table with foreign key unless there is a corresponding record in the linked table. ...
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... subjects do you have? In what data sets do they provide data? Is the data in the different data sets consistent? If you had only 2 or 3 small data sets, you might just open them up with the SAS viewer and resolve these questions by inspection. However, when your database consists of dozens, if not h ...
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Relational model



The relational model for database management is an approach to managing data using a structure and language consistent with first-order predicate logic, first described in 1969 by Edgar F. Codd. In the relational model of a database, all data is represented in terms of tuples, grouped into relations. A database organized in terms of the relational model is a relational database.The purpose of the relational model is to provide a declarative method for specifying data and queries: users directly state what information the database contains and what information they want from it, and let the database management system software take care of describing data structures for storing the data and retrieval procedures for answering queries.Most relational databases use the SQL data definition and query language; these systems implement what can be regarded as an engineering approximation to the relational model. A table in an SQL database schema corresponds to a predicate variable; the contents of a table to a relation; key constraints, other constraints, and SQL queries correspond to predicates. However, SQL databases deviate from the relational model in many details, and Codd fiercely argued against deviations that compromise the original principles.
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