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Performance Considerations for Web Applications
Performance Considerations for Web Applications

... database-independent Java programmers minimize work done in the database and execute much of the application logic in the middle tier. In general, complex data manipulation can be handled much more efficiently with database code. Java programmers should minimize information returned to the applicati ...
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... “SQL Server 2016 is the biggest leap forward in Microsoft data platform history with features that increase performance, simplify management, and transform your data into actionable insights—all on a database that has the least vulnerabilities of any major platform.” ...
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... – For each sales rep, list the rep number, the number of customers assigned to each rep, and the average balance of the rep’s customers. – Rename the count of the number of customers and the average of the balances to NumOfCustomers and AverageBalance ...
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... The Provider parameter indicates the database driver you selected. If you installed a local SQL server and client such as the SQL Server 2005 Express on your computer, the Provider should be localhost. If you are using a remote SQL Server instance, you need to use that remote server’s network name. ...
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... ASCII text file, Native database support (Access, dBase, Excel, Foxpro, Paradox), 32-bit ODBC support, SQLLinks (Oracle, MS SQL Server,AS/400 and others), DDE, ActiveX(Automation), command line, command file, e-mail message, serial(COM) port, TCP/IP port, unstructured files (report file, printer com ...
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...  How can a single, unified database meet the differing requirements of so many users?  A DBMS minimizes these problems by providing two “views” of the database data:  The physical view deals with the actual, physical arrangement and location of data in the direct access storage devices (DASD).  ...
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... • Support wide area data intensive analysis • Define middleware services are required to permit analysis applications to effectively run over wide area networks • Provide a rich set of features that applications can select and use to obtain the level of service they need to operate • Define the feat ...
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... Designing databases provides a foundation for GIS functions and web applications, which includes investigating techniques used for designing databases in non-spatial environments and learning the applicability to GIS problems. The first half of the course will cover the basic concepts, techniques an ...
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... ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) is a high level programming interface to OLE DB. It uses a hierarchical object model to allow applications to programmatically create, retrieve, update and delete data from sources supported by OLE DB. ADO consists of a series of hierarchical COM-based objects and colle ...
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... DB Call Level Interfaces Approach similar to Embedded SQL, but not so DBMS-dependent. In Embedded SQL, the preprocessor and SQL library are DBMS specific, which makes the resulting object code not portable to other DBMS. When using API, create DBMS-independent code that can be executed on any DBMS. ...
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... often has a Database Administrator (DBA) who is responsible for managing the organization’s database. The DBA designs the databases based on the needs of the users. ...
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... clients Relational DBMS servers are often called SQL servers, query servers, or transaction servers Applications running on clients utilize an Application Program Interface (API) to access server databases via standard interface such as: ...
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Open Database Connectivity

In computing, ODBC (Open Database Connectivity) is a standard programming language middleware API for accessing database management systems (DBMS). The designers of ODBC aimed to make it independent of database systems and operating systems. An application written using ODBC can be ported to other platforms, both on the client and server side, with few changes to the data access code.ODBC accomplishes DBMS independence by using an ODBC driver as a translation layer between the application and the DBMS. The application uses ODBC functions through an ODBC driver manager with which it is linked, and the driver passes the query to the DBMS. An ODBC driver can be thought of as analogous to a printer driver or other driver, providing a standard set of functions for the application to use, and implementing DBMS-specific functionality. An application that can use ODBC is referred to as ""ODBC-compliant"". Any ODBC-compliant application can access any DBMS for which a driver is installed. Drivers exist for all major DBMSs, many other data sources like address book systems and Microsoft Excel, and even for text or CSV files.ODBC was originally developed by Microsoft during the early 1990s, and became the basis for the Call Level Interface (CLI) standardized by SQL Access Group in the Unix and mainframe world. ODBC retained a number of features that were removed as part of the CLI effort. Full ODBC was later ported back to those platforms, and became a de facto standard considerably better known than CLI. The CLI remains similar to ODBC, and applications can be ported from one platform to the other with few changes.
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