![Understanding the vitreous](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/005567046_1-0b80ebb92c59b85dd31fe43c02cfabb2-300x300.png)
Understanding the vitreous
... Tanner et al52 reviewed 200 phakic eyes with recent onset PVD. They conclude that it was not possible to predict which patients would have a retinal break based on symptoms alone. They utilised dynamic vitreous gel examination at the slit lamp to determine the presence of Shafer’s sign53, that is, p ...
... Tanner et al52 reviewed 200 phakic eyes with recent onset PVD. They conclude that it was not possible to predict which patients would have a retinal break based on symptoms alone. They utilised dynamic vitreous gel examination at the slit lamp to determine the presence of Shafer’s sign53, that is, p ...
acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy following
... Purpose: To report a case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), following influenza vaccination. Case report: An 18-year-old female patient developed a painless significant bilateral decrease of vision, moderate photophobia, metamorphopsia and intermittent headaches ...
... Purpose: To report a case of acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy (APMPPE), following influenza vaccination. Case report: An 18-year-old female patient developed a painless significant bilateral decrease of vision, moderate photophobia, metamorphopsia and intermittent headaches ...
Appendix 4 Summary results tables
... nonsmokers 2.83 and 2.35 respectively, for past smokers 2.80 and 1.82). No significant differences were found between past smokers and those who had never smoked, suggesting that current smokers who quit can reduce their risk. A statistically significant relationship was not demonstrated separately ...
... nonsmokers 2.83 and 2.35 respectively, for past smokers 2.80 and 1.82). No significant differences were found between past smokers and those who had never smoked, suggesting that current smokers who quit can reduce their risk. A statistically significant relationship was not demonstrated separately ...
Common Questions about Glaucoma
... which may increase the pressure if fluid cannot drain out of the eye normally. There is also a small risk that the drain could get blocked up completely and if this happens, the pressure climbs up very high, very quickly (Acute Glaucoma). For this reason, your doctor will normally suggest laser trea ...
... which may increase the pressure if fluid cannot drain out of the eye normally. There is also a small risk that the drain could get blocked up completely and if this happens, the pressure climbs up very high, very quickly (Acute Glaucoma). For this reason, your doctor will normally suggest laser trea ...
rajiv gandhi university of health sciences
... common type requiring hospitalization. The most important aspect of pediatric ocular trauma is prevention. Parents, caretakers, teachers, media and nurses can help prevent eye injuries by teaching and advocacy for safer practices. The goal of treating eye injuries is to preserve remaining sight and ...
... common type requiring hospitalization. The most important aspect of pediatric ocular trauma is prevention. Parents, caretakers, teachers, media and nurses can help prevent eye injuries by teaching and advocacy for safer practices. The goal of treating eye injuries is to preserve remaining sight and ...
Ocular Trauma
... developed the ocular trauma score ots which is used to predict the visual outcome of patients after open globe ocular trauma, ocular trauma and emergencies uk healthcare cecentral ocular trauma and emergencies jacob j yunker m d retina vitreous surgery macular diseases and degeneration assistant pro ...
... developed the ocular trauma score ots which is used to predict the visual outcome of patients after open globe ocular trauma, ocular trauma and emergencies uk healthcare cecentral ocular trauma and emergencies jacob j yunker m d retina vitreous surgery macular diseases and degeneration assistant pro ...
Diabetic Retinopathy
... People with diabetes who present with an acute impairment of vision from any cause should be referred for urgent review with an ophthalmologist/eye clinic. Best practice tip: Retinal photo-screening for diabetic retinopathy does not constitute a full eye examination. Patients should still be regul ...
... People with diabetes who present with an acute impairment of vision from any cause should be referred for urgent review with an ophthalmologist/eye clinic. Best practice tip: Retinal photo-screening for diabetic retinopathy does not constitute a full eye examination. Patients should still be regul ...
Percentage Thickness Increase and Absolute Difference from
... thickness from 450 to 650 µm in the population. This result seems to show that the cornea is biologically programmed to have a specific thickness progression regardless of the minimum central corneal thickness. If percentage thickness increase (PTI) is used, there can be no argument that the PTI of ...
... thickness from 450 to 650 µm in the population. This result seems to show that the cornea is biologically programmed to have a specific thickness progression regardless of the minimum central corneal thickness. If percentage thickness increase (PTI) is used, there can be no argument that the PTI of ...
End Stage Glaucoma
... The target IOP may not be achieved despite maximum medical therapy. Even if end stage glaucoma could be controlled medically, the lack of adherence and persistence with medication regimens may induce significant short and long term IOP fluctuations. These fluctuations have a deleterious effect on th ...
... The target IOP may not be achieved despite maximum medical therapy. Even if end stage glaucoma could be controlled medically, the lack of adherence and persistence with medication regimens may induce significant short and long term IOP fluctuations. These fluctuations have a deleterious effect on th ...
Sensory Aspects of Strabismus
... falls on retina that is temporal to the pseudo-fovea, and temporal retina projects to the opposite hemifield. The patient will experience the crossed diplopia so long as the image is temporal to the pseudo-fovea, even if the eyes are aligned so the image falls directly on the true fovea. Adult patien ...
... falls on retina that is temporal to the pseudo-fovea, and temporal retina projects to the opposite hemifield. The patient will experience the crossed diplopia so long as the image is temporal to the pseudo-fovea, even if the eyes are aligned so the image falls directly on the true fovea. Adult patien ...
Outcomes of Corneal Spherical Aberration
... allel, double-pass methods and therefore limited in their spatial resolution by the number and size of the microlens.25 In addition, neither the LADARWave nor the Zywave are capable of measuring the corneal spherical aberration alone. As a result, in the study by Caporossi et al,23 the corneal spher ...
... allel, double-pass methods and therefore limited in their spatial resolution by the number and size of the microlens.25 In addition, neither the LADARWave nor the Zywave are capable of measuring the corneal spherical aberration alone. As a result, in the study by Caporossi et al,23 the corneal spher ...
From Dry Eye to Lid Margin Diseases
... disease stemming from chronic exposure to elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinases, a chronic inflammatory process. Dissolution of the Tenon’s fascia occurs over time, which causes the overlying conjunctiva to become loose and redundant. Furthermore, CCh not only obstructs the tear meniscus, it ...
... disease stemming from chronic exposure to elevated levels of matrix metalloproteinases, a chronic inflammatory process. Dissolution of the Tenon’s fascia occurs over time, which causes the overlying conjunctiva to become loose and redundant. Furthermore, CCh not only obstructs the tear meniscus, it ...
JOINT POLICY STATEMENT - American Academy of Ophthalmology
... 1. Diplopia. Diplopia, which is the perception of the same image in two different visual directions, is debilitating. It causes a reduction of reading, driving, and vocational skills. Diplopia may occur when an adult has strabismus related to a medical or neurological condition, such as diabetes,1 t ...
... 1. Diplopia. Diplopia, which is the perception of the same image in two different visual directions, is debilitating. It causes a reduction of reading, driving, and vocational skills. Diplopia may occur when an adult has strabismus related to a medical or neurological condition, such as diabetes,1 t ...
Inferior Oblique Surgery for Restrictive Strabismus in Thyroid
... and signs in patients with thyroid orbitopathy, no other symptom is as frequently disabling as double vision. Diplopia occurs in up to 40% of patients with thyroid orbitopathy,1 making it more common than optic neuropathy. Procedures on the extraocular muscles are the most common ophthalmic surgical ...
... and signs in patients with thyroid orbitopathy, no other symptom is as frequently disabling as double vision. Diplopia occurs in up to 40% of patients with thyroid orbitopathy,1 making it more common than optic neuropathy. Procedures on the extraocular muscles are the most common ophthalmic surgical ...
Comparison of fibrin glue and Vicryl sutures in conjunctival
... (p = 0.002) after the surgical procedures. There were more symptoms in the suture group than in the glue group at postoperative day 7 (p = 0.002). Postoperative symptoms disappeared in both groups at 1 month after surgery. Recurrence was observed in one case in the glue group and in two cases in the ...
... (p = 0.002) after the surgical procedures. There were more symptoms in the suture group than in the glue group at postoperative day 7 (p = 0.002). Postoperative symptoms disappeared in both groups at 1 month after surgery. Recurrence was observed in one case in the glue group and in two cases in the ...
Long-term Outcomes of Photorefractive Keratectomy for
... to spectacle correction if the anisometropia is severe because of resultant aniseikonia and diplopia caused by refractive correction. A human can tolerate only about 5% to 6% aniseikonia, which occurs with 2 to 3 diopters (D) of anisometropia, after which the image disparity is intolerable.1 Further ...
... to spectacle correction if the anisometropia is severe because of resultant aniseikonia and diplopia caused by refractive correction. A human can tolerate only about 5% to 6% aniseikonia, which occurs with 2 to 3 diopters (D) of anisometropia, after which the image disparity is intolerable.1 Further ...
Session 509 Corneal refractive surgery
... anterior and central, but not posterior, stromal regions. There was a small increase in Brillouin shift after rapid cross-linking that was not statistically or clinically significant across total corneal thickness or for any specific stromal region. Conclusions: LASIK flap creation significantly wea ...
... anterior and central, but not posterior, stromal regions. There was a small increase in Brillouin shift after rapid cross-linking that was not statistically or clinically significant across total corneal thickness or for any specific stromal region. Conclusions: LASIK flap creation significantly wea ...
Moving the Retina: Choroidal Modulation of Refractive State
... DEBORA L. NICKLA,* LYNN MARRAN,§ WOLF KREBS,¶ ANNE METTE CHRISTENSENII Received 24 February 1993; in revised form 12 July 1993; in finalform 17February 1994 ...
... DEBORA L. NICKLA,* LYNN MARRAN,§ WOLF KREBS,¶ ANNE METTE CHRISTENSENII Received 24 February 1993; in revised form 12 July 1993; in finalform 17February 1994 ...
The Ocular Response Analyzer
... CRF in eyes with keratoconus.1 Low CH and CRF were wellcorrelated with the weakest corneas and should be helpful in keratoconus screening as a new risk factor.1 In a study by Ortiz et al, it was found that higher the keratoconus grade, the lower the corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor v ...
... CRF in eyes with keratoconus.1 Low CH and CRF were wellcorrelated with the weakest corneas and should be helpful in keratoconus screening as a new risk factor.1 In a study by Ortiz et al, it was found that higher the keratoconus grade, the lower the corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor v ...
Differences in nasal and temporal responses of the cornea after
... normal eyes shows a mirror symmetry8,9; therefore, it may be necessary for the algorithm treatment plan to maintain this natural binocular geometrical and optical structure of the cornea. The normal human cornea has different regional properties. Studies of the cornea’s microstructure show its highl ...
... normal eyes shows a mirror symmetry8,9; therefore, it may be necessary for the algorithm treatment plan to maintain this natural binocular geometrical and optical structure of the cornea. The normal human cornea has different regional properties. Studies of the cornea’s microstructure show its highl ...
Guidelines for Management of Strabismus in Childhood 2012
... occlusion glasses, where co-operation allows. It is important that the occlusion of each eye is complete to ensure that each eye is tested separately, therefore a patching each eye is preferable. It may be necessary to accept acuity with both eyes open if occlusion causes distress. Fixation pattern ...
... occlusion glasses, where co-operation allows. It is important that the occlusion of each eye is complete to ensure that each eye is tested separately, therefore a patching each eye is preferable. It may be necessary to accept acuity with both eyes open if occlusion causes distress. Fixation pattern ...
Calcium and High Molecular Weight Protein Aggregates in
... and co-workers18 have shown that when calcium was added to bovine a-crystallin aggregates, it caused a shift to HMW species. Other protein fractions were not affected. Studies with human lens proteins also indicate that calcium may be involved ...
... and co-workers18 have shown that when calcium was added to bovine a-crystallin aggregates, it caused a shift to HMW species. Other protein fractions were not affected. Studies with human lens proteins also indicate that calcium may be involved ...
Wavefront Aberrations and Peripheral Vision
... imperfections in this process will lower the quality of vision. Most common are the refractive errors, which mean that the best image is not focused on the retina. Refractive correction with spectacle lenses appeared already in the late 13th century, and today there are several other correction meth ...
... imperfections in this process will lower the quality of vision. Most common are the refractive errors, which mean that the best image is not focused on the retina. Refractive correction with spectacle lenses appeared already in the late 13th century, and today there are several other correction meth ...
Oscillatory Motion
... The displacement of SHM is the distance from equilibrium position in either direction. The amplitude is the maximum displacement from mean position in either direction. x A cos t ...
... The displacement of SHM is the distance from equilibrium position in either direction. The amplitude is the maximum displacement from mean position in either direction. x A cos t ...
O PTOMETRY FINAL - NOT
... procedures have been incorporated into everyday patient care, some of which were not even invented at the time the last edition was written. Now the practitioner can access sophisticated techniques for imaging the eye using proce dures such as optical coherence tomography, test visual per formance w ...
... procedures have been incorporated into everyday patient care, some of which were not even invented at the time the last edition was written. Now the practitioner can access sophisticated techniques for imaging the eye using proce dures such as optical coherence tomography, test visual per formance w ...
Cataract
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cataract_in_human_eye.png?width=300)
A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye leading to a decrease in vision. It can affect one or both eyes. Often it develops slowly. Symptoms may include faded colors, blurry vision, halos around light, trouble with bright lights, and trouble seeing at night. This may result in trouble driving, reading, or recognizing faces. Poor vision may also result in an increased risk of falling and depression. Cataracts are the cause of half of blindness and 33% of visual impairment worldwide.Cataracts are most commonly due to aging, but may also occur due to trauma, radiation exposure, be present from birth, or occur following eye surgery for other problems. Risk factors include diabetes, smoking tobacco, prolonged exposure to sunlight, and alcohol. Either clumps of protein or yellow-brown pigment may be deposited in the lens reducing the transmission of light to the retina at the back of the eye. Diagnosis is by an eye examination.Prevention includes wearing sunglasses and not smoking. Early on the symptoms may be improved with eyeglasses. If this does not help, surgery to remove the cloudy lens and replace it with an artificial lens is the only effective treatment. Surgery is only needed if the cataracts are causing problems. Surgery generally results in an improved quality of life. Cataract surgery is not easily available in many countries, which is especially true of women.About 20 million people globally are blind due to cataracts. It is the cause of about 5% of blindness in the United States and nearly 60% of blindness in parts of Africa and South America. Blindness from cataracts occurs in about 10 to 40 per 100,000 children in the developing world and 1 to 4 per 100,000 children in the developed world. Cataracts become more common with age. About half the people in the United States have had cataracts by the age of 80.