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Microdermabrasion
Microdermabrasion

... be performed for patients of all Fitzpatrick skin types (see Chapter 31 for Fitzpatrick classifications). However, aggressive treatments should be avoided in darker skin types (IV to VI) because of to their increased risk of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH). MDA combined with dermal infusion ...
Pharmacology for Nurse Prescribing
Pharmacology for Nurse Prescribing

... appropriate dosing interval to maintain that concentration ...
Table 1: Criteria for Severe Falciparum Malaria
Table 1: Criteria for Severe Falciparum Malaria

... Principles of Care in Patients with Malaria 1. This is a medical emergency as death can result rapidly from untreated P. falciparum malaria. 2. All patients with malaria due to P. falciparum must be admitted to hospital or “observation unit” to ensure tolerance of treatment and to confirm decreasing ...
Lecture 1: Introduction to Pharmacology
Lecture 1: Introduction to Pharmacology

... May also involve bile, intestine, lung, breast milk ...
Amount of drug at any time = drug conc * AVd Dose at any time= Css
Amount of drug at any time = drug conc * AVd Dose at any time= Css

... A patient in renal failure may sometimes benefit from a drug that is excreted by this pathway, into the intestine and feces, rather than through the kidney. Some drugs may also be reabsorbed through the enterohepatic circulation, thus prolonging their half-life.(see interactive pharma.) ...
Chapter 4 - Definitions - World Health Organization
Chapter 4 - Definitions - World Health Organization

...  Procurement agency starts procuring the project after pre-payment  Delivery delay after pre-payment, between 2-4 months  Any change in the project’s drug request that exceeds 10% of what was originally GLC approved has to be reviewed and approved by the GLC ...
Chloroquine-induced bull`s eye maculopathy
Chloroquine-induced bull`s eye maculopathy

... have received a cumulative chloroquine dose of 300 g, or a daily dose greater than 3 mg/kg,3,4 or a daily dose of hydroxychloroquine greater than 6.5 mg/kg.6 It must be highlighted that although irreversible damage to the retina may occur with these medications, the incidence is very low. During the ...
Introduction into Pharmacology… - Home
Introduction into Pharmacology… - Home

... remedies. • The first london pharmacopeia appeared 1618 including opium, tincture • The first pharmacopeia was the french codex 1818 followed by 1820 US pharmacopeia. ...
Poster presentation
Poster presentation

... Health Organization (WHO). The Malaria Task Group comprised members of the above organisations and was responsible for overall management of the Project. At the country level, the project was implemented by national pharmaceutical societies, and co-ordinated by CPA. Problem Statement: At its inaugur ...
Pharmacokinetics
Pharmacokinetics

... Effective Drug Concentration The stronger the protein binding the less free drug will be present in the plasma. It is the free drug which is effective drug. In some cases drugs taken in combination can compete for the same binding site (e.g. warfarin and aspirin). Aspirin can increase the free form ...
1 The Economics of Malaria Vector Control by Zachary Steven
1 The Economics of Malaria Vector Control by Zachary Steven

... factors that contributed to rebounding malaria levels across endemic areas. Biological factors included the spread and increasing frequency of malaria parasites that were resistant to ...
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Utrophin
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and Utrophin

... mRNA translates what it can Missing exons lead to frameshift/translation error – lack of dystrophin/protein ...
Medication Errors
Medication Errors

... • Generic name — assigned by the manufacturer that first develops the drug • Official name — name by which it is identified in official publications USP and NF • Trade name — brand name copyrighted by the company that sells the drug ...
Pharmacological Concepts: Pediatric and Geriatric Considerations
Pharmacological Concepts: Pediatric and Geriatric Considerations

... changes in lifestyle ...
Vincent Okungu Waiting for chloroquine
Vincent Okungu Waiting for chloroquine

... them that AL is the best and recommended drug, they get confused by the adverts....” (Health worker). “…the dispensary gave my wife what it said were the latest malaria drugs, but the shopkeeper also had the latest drugs different from the dispensary’s… this is confusing.” ...
PowerPoint
PowerPoint

... maintain concentrations within the therapeutic range over a longer period of time, as opposed to immediate-release dosage forms, which may result in larger peaks and troughs in plasma concentration. ER formulations are advantageous for drugs with short half-lives. For example, the half-life of oral ...
Antimicrobial Medications; MDR Bacteria
Antimicrobial Medications; MDR Bacteria

... • Tests not read at 4 hrs that are negative at > 4 hrs will have to be repeated because early positive results may revert to a negative result ...
CNS-CPC - Trinity College Dublin
CNS-CPC - Trinity College Dublin

... when found, indicate severe infection. Sequestration does not occur in cases of P. vivax and P. malariae infections and therefore, all stages of the parasite can be seen in the peripheral blood and complications are very rare. Anaemia is a fairly common problem encountered in malaria and it poses sp ...
the report on Study of the Impacts of Deforestation on
the report on Study of the Impacts of Deforestation on

... Anopheles darlingi is classified as a riverine mosquito, and is one of the most effective vectors of New World malaria as it can become infected with both P. vivax and P. falciparum. They are typically found in rural, lowland forest locations, with a wide geographic location ranging from northern Ar ...
Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the
Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Region of the

... 37, ranging from 17 to 45. Onset of symptoms for the first four cases occurred in July and, for the last three, in August. Initially it was thought that a single source could be responsible of the outbreak, as the isolated P. vivax genotype of four of the seven patients were identical. However, with ...
Treatment history and treatment dose are important - UvA-DARE
Treatment history and treatment dose are important - UvA-DARE

... malaria treatment policy in late 1998 through early 1999. Study design and procedures. The current treatment study was nested within the larger ABCP, as described elsewhere [18]. Children were enrolled in the treatment study if they fulfilled the following criteria: age 0–59 months, axillary tempera ...
MALARIA
MALARIA

... been estimated to cause 8-14% of all LBW babies and 3-8% of all infant deaths in areas of Africa with stable malaria transmission. In terms of its effect on mothers, severe anemia increases the risk of maternal mortality, and malarial anemia is estimated to cause as many as 10,000 maternal deaths ea ...
Training
Training

... & Nicobar Islands, Daman & Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Lakshadweep. The disease is also reported in nearly 80 countries. The data available is largely based on information received from the Filaria Control Units (FCU) and Filaria Clinics as well as limited sample surveys carried out over a number ...
Malaria - Tulane University
Malaria - Tulane University

... producing more merozoites which can reinvade new erythrocytes. Alternatively, some of the merozoites will undergo gametocytogenesis and produce either macrogametocytes or microgametocytes. The gametocytes are infective for the mosquito and when ingested will produce macrogametes and microgametes. T ...
Routes_of_Drug_Administration
Routes_of_Drug_Administration

... • The greater the first-pass effect, the less the agent will reach the systemic circulation when the agent is administered orally. • Lidocaine (anesthetic agent) is a drug with a first-pass effect that is so great that oral administration is not practical. • Propranolol: significant portion of the ...
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Mass drug administration



The administration of drugs to whole populations irrespective of disease status is referred to as mass drug administration (MDA). This article describes the administration of antimalarial drugs to whole populations an intervention which has been used as a malaria-control measure for more than 70 years. Recent proposals to eliminate or even to eradicate malaria have led to a renewed interest in mass drug administrations in areas with very high malaria endemicity. Drugs have been administered either directly as a full therapeutic course of treatment or indirectly through the fortification of salt. Mass drug administrations were generally unsuccessful in interrupting transmission but, in some cases, had a marked effect on parasite prevalence and on the incidence of clinical malaria. MDAs are likely to encourage the spread of drug-resistant parasites and so have only a limited role in malaria control. They may have a part to play in the management of epidemics and in the control of malaria in areas with a very short transmission season. In order to reduce the risk of spreading drug resistance, MDAs should use more than one drug and, preferably include a drug, such as an artemisinin, which has an effect on gametocytes. MDAs have low acceptance in areas with low malaria endemicity.Another example of mass drug administration is mass deworming of children to remove helminth infections (intestinal worms).
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