Selection against migrants contributes to the
... each of these cases, intrinsic genetic incompatibilities are absent and reproductive isolation appears to be ecologically dependent. On the theoretical side, many studies have shown that divergent selection can cause substantial reproductive isolation, sometimes in fewer than 100 generations (e.g. O ...
... each of these cases, intrinsic genetic incompatibilities are absent and reproductive isolation appears to be ecologically dependent. On the theoretical side, many studies have shown that divergent selection can cause substantial reproductive isolation, sometimes in fewer than 100 generations (e.g. O ...
A framework for comparing processes of speciation in the
... measured and may be limited, partly because preferences must diverge and become associated with the signals before they contribute to isolation (i.e. they fall into scenario B1a in Fig. 3) and partly because effect sizes may be small (Haller et al. in press). One of the rare convincing examples wher ...
... measured and may be limited, partly because preferences must diverge and become associated with the signals before they contribute to isolation (i.e. they fall into scenario B1a in Fig. 3) and partly because effect sizes may be small (Haller et al. in press). One of the rare convincing examples wher ...
KS4 Movement In and Out of Cells
... How do these vital substances cross boundaries within the body to get to where they are needed? Oxygen and dissolved food molecules must diffuse into and out of the blood for transportation around the body. Where does diffusion take place within the body? 12 of 44 ...
... How do these vital substances cross boundaries within the body to get to where they are needed? Oxygen and dissolved food molecules must diffuse into and out of the blood for transportation around the body. Where does diffusion take place within the body? 12 of 44 ...
Marty Ferris
... 1a) Gotthard and Nylin: Is there an objective way to invoke the 'design criterion'? I'm mainly referring to their discussion on pg. 9 where they suggest that ' the design criterion can thus be invoked when the link between environmental and phenotypic change is predictable, but improbable enough tha ...
... 1a) Gotthard and Nylin: Is there an objective way to invoke the 'design criterion'? I'm mainly referring to their discussion on pg. 9 where they suggest that ' the design criterion can thus be invoked when the link between environmental and phenotypic change is predictable, but improbable enough tha ...
Phylum Arthropoda - SUNY Plattsburgh
... neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine. Nerves contract uncontrollably and this can cause small muscle rigidity and intense, agonizing pain. ...
... neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine. Nerves contract uncontrollably and this can cause small muscle rigidity and intense, agonizing pain. ...
Forces that influence the evolution of codon bias
... co-adapted state differs. Exactly how this divergence can occur is unclear, but it has been hypothesized that it could be driven by pressure from biased mutation patterns (Shields 1990). Fourth, not all bacterial species exhibit the same clear trend in codon usage patterns associated with gene expre ...
... co-adapted state differs. Exactly how this divergence can occur is unclear, but it has been hypothesized that it could be driven by pressure from biased mutation patterns (Shields 1990). Fourth, not all bacterial species exhibit the same clear trend in codon usage patterns associated with gene expre ...
Lecture: Muscle Physiology
... This happens when the Voltage-Dependent Na + Channels close, Voltage-Dependent K+ Channels open, and the Na +-K+ ATPase pump rebalances the ion concentrations. Repolarization generally takes very little time (3 milliseconds), while contraction can last up to 100 milliseconds (1/10 sec). Limits how f ...
... This happens when the Voltage-Dependent Na + Channels close, Voltage-Dependent K+ Channels open, and the Na +-K+ ATPase pump rebalances the ion concentrations. Repolarization generally takes very little time (3 milliseconds), while contraction can last up to 100 milliseconds (1/10 sec). Limits how f ...
outline for respiratory system
... The larynx, which contains the vocal cords, is a cartilaginous and muscular organ connecting the pharynx and trachea. Two of the nine principal cartilages, the large, shield shaped thyroid cartilage or the “Adams apple” and the cricoid cartilage, inferior to it, can be palpated in the neck. Formed b ...
... The larynx, which contains the vocal cords, is a cartilaginous and muscular organ connecting the pharynx and trachea. Two of the nine principal cartilages, the large, shield shaped thyroid cartilage or the “Adams apple” and the cricoid cartilage, inferior to it, can be palpated in the neck. Formed b ...
Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
... with low temperature, low PCO2 and high pH • At any pO2, saturation will be higher, especially when PO2 in the 30-50 range, BUT • Leftward shift means Hb binds 02 more tightly and releases less O2 to the tissues. Additionally, • Metabolism / O2 consumption decrease w/ cooling. • Combined effect: low ...
... with low temperature, low PCO2 and high pH • At any pO2, saturation will be higher, especially when PO2 in the 30-50 range, BUT • Leftward shift means Hb binds 02 more tightly and releases less O2 to the tissues. Additionally, • Metabolism / O2 consumption decrease w/ cooling. • Combined effect: low ...
Biology-N5-Past-Paper-Questions-Multicellular
... Int2 The diagram below represents some of the processes involved in human ...
... Int2 The diagram below represents some of the processes involved in human ...
AP Biology Chapter 42 Circulation Guided Notes
... • Exchanges ultimately occur at the _____________ by crossing the _____________________ • In unicellular organisms, these exchanges occur _______________ with the environment ...
... • Exchanges ultimately occur at the _____________ by crossing the _____________________ • In unicellular organisms, these exchanges occur _______________ with the environment ...
Diffusion
... Carbon dioxide is the waste gas produced by respiration. Carbon dioxide diffuses from body tissues into the bloodstream and is exhaled via the lungs. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs? 15 of 27 ...
... Carbon dioxide is the waste gas produced by respiration. Carbon dioxide diffuses from body tissues into the bloodstream and is exhaled via the lungs. Where does gas exchange take place in the lungs? 15 of 27 ...
Medical_Terminology10_Respiratory
... system and describe their location and function. Identify various pathological conditions that affect the system. Learn medical terms that pertain to respiration. ...
... system and describe their location and function. Identify various pathological conditions that affect the system. Learn medical terms that pertain to respiration. ...
The Language of Medicine
... system and describe their location and function. Identify various pathological conditions that affect the system. Learn medical terms that pertain to respiration. ...
... system and describe their location and function. Identify various pathological conditions that affect the system. Learn medical terms that pertain to respiration. ...
Speciation and Intra-Specific Taxa
... few generations. Diverse monophyletic “species-flocks” of cichlid fish occupying different African great lakes, have speciated in a surprisingly short period. Evidence from island-endemic species of cichlid fish in Lake Malawi, where these islands were part of dry land not much more than a century a ...
... few generations. Diverse monophyletic “species-flocks” of cichlid fish occupying different African great lakes, have speciated in a surprisingly short period. Evidence from island-endemic species of cichlid fish in Lake Malawi, where these islands were part of dry land not much more than a century a ...
Congenital Heart Defects
... another baby with some form of CHD increases from about 1% (one in every 100 births) to at least 3% (3 in 100 births). More than one child in a family may have a congenital defect, but this is rare. Medical experts can identify those parents who have a higher risk of having a child born with a CHD, ...
... another baby with some form of CHD increases from about 1% (one in every 100 births) to at least 3% (3 in 100 births). More than one child in a family may have a congenital defect, but this is rare. Medical experts can identify those parents who have a higher risk of having a child born with a CHD, ...
Physiological study of larval fishes: challenges and opportunities
... areas of physiological focus—can provide important details of life history not available from population counts, morphological measurements or observations of mortality. Finally, larval fish can also serve as a “bellwether” for the impacts of global climate change. Understanding the physiological re ...
... areas of physiological focus—can provide important details of life history not available from population counts, morphological measurements or observations of mortality. Finally, larval fish can also serve as a “bellwether” for the impacts of global climate change. Understanding the physiological re ...
respiratory system
... goes to fill the respiratory passages. The respiratory passages where no gas exchange takes place is called the anatomical dead space (which consist of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles). The normal anatomical dead space air in the young adult is about 150 ml. This increases sligh ...
... goes to fill the respiratory passages. The respiratory passages where no gas exchange takes place is called the anatomical dead space (which consist of nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles). The normal anatomical dead space air in the young adult is about 150 ml. This increases sligh ...
f869c698c70a3fe
... • Exchanges ultimately occur at the cellular level by crossing the plasma membrane • In unicellular organisms, these exchanges occur directly with the environment ...
... • Exchanges ultimately occur at the cellular level by crossing the plasma membrane • In unicellular organisms, these exchanges occur directly with the environment ...
Abstract The platypus is one of Earth`s most perplexing
... Other traits, though they may not have any survival advantage, are obviously indicative of a reptilian ancestor as well. They have been retained simply because there has been no selection pressure for or against them. Male platypuses have internal testes and thin, elongated sperm with a threadlike h ...
... Other traits, though they may not have any survival advantage, are obviously indicative of a reptilian ancestor as well. They have been retained simply because there has been no selection pressure for or against them. Male platypuses have internal testes and thin, elongated sperm with a threadlike h ...
TOPIC: Respiratory System AIM: What are the parts & functions of
... exercise than before it because during exercise the blood contains 1.an increased level of oxygen 2.a decreased number of red blood cells 3.an increased level of carbon dioxide 4.a decreased amount of hemoglobin ...
... exercise than before it because during exercise the blood contains 1.an increased level of oxygen 2.a decreased number of red blood cells 3.an increased level of carbon dioxide 4.a decreased amount of hemoglobin ...
Evolution of Synonymous Codon Usage in Neurospora tetrasperma
... expressed than in lowly expressed genes (P , 0.05; in all t-tests after Bonferroni correction, table 2; note that standard errors are provided in supplementary table 1, Supplementary Material online). Two putative optimal codons were also identified for the amino acids aspartic acid and proline. For ...
... expressed than in lowly expressed genes (P , 0.05; in all t-tests after Bonferroni correction, table 2; note that standard errors are provided in supplementary table 1, Supplementary Material online). Two putative optimal codons were also identified for the amino acids aspartic acid and proline. For ...
Organisms at high altitude
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Organisms can live at high altitude, either on land, or while flying. Decreased oxygen availability and decreased temperature make life at high altitude challenging. Despite these environmental conditions, many species have been successfully adapted at high altitudes. Animals have developed physiological adaptations to enhance oxygen uptake and delivery to tissues which can be used to sustain metabolism. The strategies used by animals to adapt to high altitude depend on their morphology and phylogeny.