Lithospheric thickness under the Dinarides
... surface. Previous investigations mapped two strong reflectors, one shallow, which was interpreted as the boundary between sedimentary cover and crystalline basement and significantly deeper one ascribed to Mohorovičić discontinuity. Results indicate a relatively narrow belt of thicker crust (>40km) fo ...
... surface. Previous investigations mapped two strong reflectors, one shallow, which was interpreted as the boundary between sedimentary cover and crystalline basement and significantly deeper one ascribed to Mohorovičić discontinuity. Results indicate a relatively narrow belt of thicker crust (>40km) fo ...
34 - School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology
... probably started forming after the early basaltic crust — but not too much later, as we’ll see. Komatiites: These magmatic rocks have even greater density than basalt and are commonly found with basalts in Archean terrains, but the basalts are predominant. Komatiites are ultramafic lavas (> Mg and < ...
... probably started forming after the early basaltic crust — but not too much later, as we’ll see. Komatiites: These magmatic rocks have even greater density than basalt and are commonly found with basalts in Archean terrains, but the basalts are predominant. Komatiites are ultramafic lavas (> Mg and < ...
Local modification of the lithosphere beneath the central and
... stations are used to yield high-resolution phase velocity maps at 13 periods from 20 s to 143 s. A 3-D S-wave velocity model is constructed based on the phase velocity maps. Our S-wave velocity model is broadly consistent with the results of previous tomography studies, but shows more detailed varia ...
... stations are used to yield high-resolution phase velocity maps at 13 periods from 20 s to 143 s. A 3-D S-wave velocity model is constructed based on the phase velocity maps. Our S-wave velocity model is broadly consistent with the results of previous tomography studies, but shows more detailed varia ...
British Columbia Geological Survey Geological Fieldwork 1993
... 1991). Amalgamation of Wrangellia to tl e Alexanler Terrane lo form the Insular Superterranenppears I:C have occurred as earlyas Late Carboniferous t: me (Gardner et ol., 1988). Subsequent accretion of the Inalar Superterrane toinboard terranes of the 12as! and Intermontane beltsmay have occurred as ...
... 1991). Amalgamation of Wrangellia to tl e Alexanler Terrane lo form the Insular Superterranenppears I:C have occurred as earlyas Late Carboniferous t: me (Gardner et ol., 1988). Subsequent accretion of the Inalar Superterrane toinboard terranes of the 12as! and Intermontane beltsmay have occurred as ...
Deep-mantle contributions to the surface dynamics of the North
... been used to explain the origin of surface gravity and topography anomalies on North America (Pari and Peltier, 2000; Perry et al., 2003; Forte et al., 2007; Moucha et al., 2008) and on continents globally (Forte and Perry, 2000). Tomography-based flow models have also provided predictions of buoyanc ...
... been used to explain the origin of surface gravity and topography anomalies on North America (Pari and Peltier, 2000; Perry et al., 2003; Forte et al., 2007; Moucha et al., 2008) and on continents globally (Forte and Perry, 2000). Tomography-based flow models have also provided predictions of buoyanc ...
Plate Tectonics - The Open University
... supercontinent that he named Pangaea, meaning 'all Earth'. He drew maps showing how the continents have since moved to today's positions. He proposed that Pangaea began to break apart just after the beginning of the Mesozoic Era, about 200 Ma ago, and that the continents then slowly drifted into the ...
... supercontinent that he named Pangaea, meaning 'all Earth'. He drew maps showing how the continents have since moved to today's positions. He proposed that Pangaea began to break apart just after the beginning of the Mesozoic Era, about 200 Ma ago, and that the continents then slowly drifted into the ...
Plate Tectonic Constraints on the Biogeography of Middle America
... Florida and the Bahama platformand as Laramide orogenywaned throughoutwesternNorthAmerica. This was followedby a major plate reorganizationin the Caribbean-MiddleAmerica regionnearly40 m.y. B.P. which established the Caribbean plate more or less as we know it today. The principal change was initiati ...
... Florida and the Bahama platformand as Laramide orogenywaned throughoutwesternNorthAmerica. This was followedby a major plate reorganizationin the Caribbean-MiddleAmerica regionnearly40 m.y. B.P. which established the Caribbean plate more or less as we know it today. The principal change was initiati ...
Click here to the FieldTrip Guide
... The Precambrian crystalline rocks from the coastal areas of south Brazil, Angola and Namibia were exposed during post-continental break-up uplift, and are intruded by abundant Eocretacic mafic dykes/sills which must to a large extent represent the preserved plumbing system of the Paraná-Etendeka Mag ...
... The Precambrian crystalline rocks from the coastal areas of south Brazil, Angola and Namibia were exposed during post-continental break-up uplift, and are intruded by abundant Eocretacic mafic dykes/sills which must to a large extent represent the preserved plumbing system of the Paraná-Etendeka Mag ...
Subduction of diverging plates and the principles of slab window
... surrounding asthenospheric mantle. In turn, these conditions alter the tectonic and magmatic evolution of the overriding plate, usually disturbing ordinary fore-arc and arc regimes. Differential lithospheric stresses on opposite sides of the triple junction contribute to disturbances in the overridi ...
... surrounding asthenospheric mantle. In turn, these conditions alter the tectonic and magmatic evolution of the overriding plate, usually disturbing ordinary fore-arc and arc regimes. Differential lithospheric stresses on opposite sides of the triple junction contribute to disturbances in the overridi ...
Moho comparison
... Five wide-angle profiles on regional gravity map with seven crustal structure domains trending roughly east-west from (1) in the north representing the Venezuela Basin, to (7) in the south representing the South American continent. The domains are not tectonic provinces, although they resemble those ...
... Five wide-angle profiles on regional gravity map with seven crustal structure domains trending roughly east-west from (1) in the north representing the Venezuela Basin, to (7) in the south representing the South American continent. The domains are not tectonic provinces, although they resemble those ...
ESS 8 - Earthquakes - UW Courses Web Server
... Meter (m) is about 3 ft. Kilometer (km) is 1000 m (~103 m, ~105 cm) 1 km = 0.6 mile ...
... Meter (m) is about 3 ft. Kilometer (km) is 1000 m (~103 m, ~105 cm) 1 km = 0.6 mile ...
The Neoarchaean Storø Supracrustal Belt, Nuuk
... et al., 2007; Scherstén et al., 2012; Appendix A). In principle this could also represent a non- ...
... et al., 2007; Scherstén et al., 2012; Appendix A). In principle this could also represent a non- ...
Ocean ridges - dynamicearth.de
... satisfied both the seismic and gravity data. One of these is shown in Fig. 6.6, and indicates the presence beneath the ridge of a body with a density contrast of −0.25 Mg m−3 extending to a depth of some 30 km. This large density contrast is difficult to explain geologically. An alternative interpre ...
... satisfied both the seismic and gravity data. One of these is shown in Fig. 6.6, and indicates the presence beneath the ridge of a body with a density contrast of −0.25 Mg m−3 extending to a depth of some 30 km. This large density contrast is difficult to explain geologically. An alternative interpre ...
ch13 - earthjay science
... salt dome (388): Huge, cylindrical domes that are economically important structures in that they help entrap oil and natural gas. Sevier orogeny (396): A second phase of the tectonic development of the Cordillera which primarily affected shallow-water carbonates and terrigenous clastics deposited ov ...
... salt dome (388): Huge, cylindrical domes that are economically important structures in that they help entrap oil and natural gas. Sevier orogeny (396): A second phase of the tectonic development of the Cordillera which primarily affected shallow-water carbonates and terrigenous clastics deposited ov ...
Unit 1 Density and Connections PowerPoint
... Of these five, the sense of sight is the most commonly relied upon sense in Earth Science investigations. Observations often require the use of scientific instruments to be accurate. A scientific instrument is any tool that you can use to make measurements or ...
... Of these five, the sense of sight is the most commonly relied upon sense in Earth Science investigations. Observations often require the use of scientific instruments to be accurate. A scientific instrument is any tool that you can use to make measurements or ...
Sedimentary Rock
... A. Origin = 3 major groups of rocks 1. igneous rock = forms from the cooling of molten rock a. lava = above the surface b. magma = below the surface 2. sedimentary rock = forms in layers from other rocks, plants, and animals that have been compacted and cemented together 3. metamorphic rock = formed ...
... A. Origin = 3 major groups of rocks 1. igneous rock = forms from the cooling of molten rock a. lava = above the surface b. magma = below the surface 2. sedimentary rock = forms in layers from other rocks, plants, and animals that have been compacted and cemented together 3. metamorphic rock = formed ...
Erupting Volcano Model (916k PDF file)
... provided and rinse the volcano and tray shortly after use. Do not allow lava solution to dry on the volcano or tray. Volcano Formation There are many different layers inside Earth. The Mantle is between the molten iron core and crust. The mantle is made up of solid rock. However, sometimes high tem ...
... provided and rinse the volcano and tray shortly after use. Do not allow lava solution to dry on the volcano or tray. Volcano Formation There are many different layers inside Earth. The Mantle is between the molten iron core and crust. The mantle is made up of solid rock. However, sometimes high tem ...
Regional vs Contact Metamorphism
... Chill Out – “Chilled Margins” – Contact Metamorphism • When lava “pours” over rock or magma “intrudes” rock, it starts to crystallize (igneous rock activity). The contact metamorphism occurs where the hot lava or hot magma “touches” the old, previously existing rock. Look at the magma intruding thr ...
... Chill Out – “Chilled Margins” – Contact Metamorphism • When lava “pours” over rock or magma “intrudes” rock, it starts to crystallize (igneous rock activity). The contact metamorphism occurs where the hot lava or hot magma “touches” the old, previously existing rock. Look at the magma intruding thr ...
A petrologic case for Eocene slab break
... will occur at a depth of ;100–200 km. Lithospheric mantle may subduct, whereas buoyancy drives detached crustal slices upward, ultimately exposing eclogites (Maruyama et al., 1996). However, in the Himalaya there is no consensus for either the relationship of buoyancydriven ascent to Greater Himalay ...
... will occur at a depth of ;100–200 km. Lithospheric mantle may subduct, whereas buoyancy drives detached crustal slices upward, ultimately exposing eclogites (Maruyama et al., 1996). However, in the Himalaya there is no consensus for either the relationship of buoyancydriven ascent to Greater Himalay ...
Large igneous province
A large igneous province (LIP) is an extremely large accumulation of igneous rocks, including liquid rock (intrusive) or volcanic rock formations (extrusive), when hot magma extrudes from inside the Earth and flows out. The source of many or all LIPs is variously attributed to mantle plumes or to processes associated with plate tectonics. Types of LIPs can include large volcanic provinces (LVP), created through flood basalt and large plutonic provinces (LPP). Eleven distinct flood basalt episodes occurred in the past 250 million years, creating volcanic provinces, which coincided with mass extinctions in prehistoric times. Formation depends on a range of factors, such as continental configuration, latitude, volume, rate, duration of eruption, style and setting (continental vs. oceanic), the preexisting climate state, and the biota resilience to change.