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The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... • These hormones increase heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate • Increase efficiency of muscle contractions and blood sugar ...
File
File

... that  signal  nearby  neurons.  Neurosecretory  cells  perform  both  functions  by   secreting  their  chemical  signals  into  the  blood     In  vertebrates  two  classes  of  molecules  function  as  hormones.  Amino  acid   derived  ho ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

... • These hormones increase heart rate, blood pressure, respiration rate • Increase efficiency of muscle contractions and blood sugar ...
The Endocrine System
The Endocrine System

...  “Circular situation in which information about the status of something is continually reported (fed back) to a central control region.” ...
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... gland selects and removes materials from the blood, processes them, and secretes the finished chemical product for use somewhere in the body. ...
Central Nervous System Sensory neurons transmit impulses from the
Central Nervous System Sensory neurons transmit impulses from the

... What is the name of this chemical? Hormone 2. The organs and tissues that the chemical is transported to by the blood is made up of what kind of cells? Target cells 3. What do hormones attach to on these cells? Receptors ...
The Endocrine System and Homeostasis
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Drugs Unit 2 - Cat`s TCM Notes

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Neurotransmitters, Endocrine System, Synapses
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... 3. Typical secretions: hormones which affect distant targets and/or many tissues a. peptide hormones - proteins, glycoproteins, or peptides which bind to receptors on cell surfaces; work via second messengers, water soluble; e.g. insulin, glucagon, follicle stimulating hormone b. steroid hormones - ...
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The endocrine system (overview) The endocrine system (overview)
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... • Produced in parafollicle cells of the thyroid gland (C-cells) • High Blood Ca++ stimulates release of calcitonin (also by a calcium-sensing receptor) • Act to decrease blood Ca++ by ...
The autonomic nervous system (ANS)
The autonomic nervous system (ANS)

... Nicotinic Receptors are located on:  Motor end plates of skeletal muscles (somatic targets)  All ganglionic neurons (sypathetic and parasympathetic)  The hormone-producing cells of the adrenal medulla ACh always produces a stimulatory effect when it binds with nicotinic receptors Muscarine Recept ...
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key - Scioly.org

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... • Insulin (70%, beta cells) – secreted during/immediately after a meal when blood glucose and amino acid levels rise – stimulates glucose and amino acid uptake – nutrient storage effect   blood glucose level • Glucagon (20%, alpha cells) – secreted between meals when blood glucose levels fall – st ...
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)
Autonomic Nervous System (ANS)

... These cells respond to the arrival of impulses down the preganglionic fibers, by secreting the catecholamine hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream. The preganglionic fibers, like those of the parasympathetic division, release the neurotransmitter, ACh, which binds to nicotini ...
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... in the body as the body prepares to fight or run away in order to survive. The hypothalamus is connected to the adrenal glands sitting on top of the kidneys by a set of neurons. The adrenal medulla releases adrenalin known as epinephrine. This response is recognized as the first stage of a general a ...
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History of catecholamine research



The catecholamines comprise the endogenous substances dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and adrenaline (epinephrine) as well as numerous artificially synthesized compounds such as isoprenaline. Their investigation constitutes a prominent chapter in the history of physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology. Adrenaline was the first hormone extracted from its endocrine gland and obtained in pure form, before the word hormone was coined. It was also the first hormone the structure and biosynthesis of which were clarified. Apart from acetylcholine, adrenaline and noradrenaline were the first neurotransmitters to be discovered and the first intercellular biochemical signals to be found in intracellular vesicles. The β-adrenoceptor was the first G protein-coupled receptor the gene of which was cloned.Goal-directed catecholamine research began with the preparation by George Oliver and Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer of a pharmacologically active extract from the adrenal glands.
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