Effective Quantum Spin Systems with Trapped Ions
... perpendicular to the 2D crystal would induce an antiferromagnetic Ising interaction. The decay would also be dipolar if the 2D vibrational modes transverse to the crystal plane are in the stiff limit. In all three experimental systems discussed above the simplest laser configuration consists of only ...
... perpendicular to the 2D crystal would induce an antiferromagnetic Ising interaction. The decay would also be dipolar if the 2D vibrational modes transverse to the crystal plane are in the stiff limit. In all three experimental systems discussed above the simplest laser configuration consists of only ...
spins_unit_operators_and_measurements
... eigenvalues, but does not tell us about the original state or tell us that a similar measurement will yield the same result •MORE and MORE measurements do not minimize uncertainty in quantum measurements! It’s all probabilistic! •We will need to apply statistics to understand our measurements! Examp ...
... eigenvalues, but does not tell us about the original state or tell us that a similar measurement will yield the same result •MORE and MORE measurements do not minimize uncertainty in quantum measurements! It’s all probabilistic! •We will need to apply statistics to understand our measurements! Examp ...
... is d-electrons plasma frequency. But according to the coherence theory of matter we must adjust this plasma frequency of a factor 1.38. We can understand this correction by observing that the formula (26) is obtained assuming a uniform d-electron charge distribution. But of course the d-electron pla ...
Bose-Einstein Condensation and Free DKP field
... Bose–Einstein condensation [1, 2] (BEC) is a phenomenon long associated to the liquid helium studies (4 He and 3 He–4 He mixtures). However, recent research deals with BEC shown that it touches several areas of modern physics [3]: in thermodynamics [4] BEC occurs as a phase transition from gas to a ...
... Bose–Einstein condensation [1, 2] (BEC) is a phenomenon long associated to the liquid helium studies (4 He and 3 He–4 He mixtures). However, recent research deals with BEC shown that it touches several areas of modern physics [3]: in thermodynamics [4] BEC occurs as a phase transition from gas to a ...
Ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic order in bacterial vortex lattices
... systems can self-organize in highly ordered collective states2,3 that share striking similarities with the thermodynamic equilibrium phases4,5 of conventional condensed-matter and fluid systems. Examples range from the liquid-crystal-like arrangements of bacterial colonies6,7 , microbial suspensions ...
... systems can self-organize in highly ordered collective states2,3 that share striking similarities with the thermodynamic equilibrium phases4,5 of conventional condensed-matter and fluid systems. Examples range from the liquid-crystal-like arrangements of bacterial colonies6,7 , microbial suspensions ...
Simple_model
... equal a priori probability. Hence in the above example 4) each quantum state is equally likely. But this means that the lowest two configurations in the table are far more likely than any of the other configurations. They have far more states corresponding to the configuration. Since any property is ...
... equal a priori probability. Hence in the above example 4) each quantum state is equally likely. But this means that the lowest two configurations in the table are far more likely than any of the other configurations. They have far more states corresponding to the configuration. Since any property is ...
Completely Quantized Collapse and Consequences
... The usual quantum rule for probabilities (the squared norm of a state in the superposition) gives the CSL probability of realization of that state. The measurement (reality) problem in standard quantum theory has often been phrased in terms of difficulties associated with the ill-defined collapse po ...
... The usual quantum rule for probabilities (the squared norm of a state in the superposition) gives the CSL probability of realization of that state. The measurement (reality) problem in standard quantum theory has often been phrased in terms of difficulties associated with the ill-defined collapse po ...
Neutron scattering from quantum condensed matter
... time dependence of the dynamical susceptibility (proportional to S(q, t)) of the canonical spin glass Cu0.95Mn0.05 at its transition temperature, 26 K (ref. 11). S, scattering function; E, energy; q, momentum; t, time. Figure reprinted with permission from: a, ref. 5, © The American Physical Society ...
... time dependence of the dynamical susceptibility (proportional to S(q, t)) of the canonical spin glass Cu0.95Mn0.05 at its transition temperature, 26 K (ref. 11). S, scattering function; E, energy; q, momentum; t, time. Figure reprinted with permission from: a, ref. 5, © The American Physical Society ...
Magnetic investigation of zero-field-cooled dextran
... value higher than the 13 mark. In conclusion, the temperature dependence of the ZFC magnetization of dextran-coated magnetite-based MF samples has been investigated in this study. Neither particle–particle interaction (low particle concentration) nor the particle size polydispersity profile, the latt ...
... value higher than the 13 mark. In conclusion, the temperature dependence of the ZFC magnetization of dextran-coated magnetite-based MF samples has been investigated in this study. Neither particle–particle interaction (low particle concentration) nor the particle size polydispersity profile, the latt ...
A short Introduction to Feynman Diagrams
... are specified in terms of the incoming and outgoing momenta. • The previous point also leads to momentum conservation for the full diagram. The sum over all outgoing momenta is equal to the sum over all incoming momenta. To construct the amplitudes for a process one now does the following 1. Connect ...
... are specified in terms of the incoming and outgoing momenta. • The previous point also leads to momentum conservation for the full diagram. The sum over all outgoing momenta is equal to the sum over all incoming momenta. To construct the amplitudes for a process one now does the following 1. Connect ...
Statistical Physics (PHY831): Part 1 - The foundations Course Outline
... the formulation of the basics of partition functions, free energies and the foundations of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The term Statistical Mechanics was introduced by Gibbs at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Philadelphia in 1884. This was one of the ra ...
... the formulation of the basics of partition functions, free energies and the foundations of equilibrium statistical mechanics. The term Statistical Mechanics was introduced by Gibbs at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Philadelphia in 1884. This was one of the ra ...
Redalyc.Atomic radiative corrections without QED: role of the zero
... The random zero-point radiation field (ZPF) of mean energy ~ω/2 per normal mode, taken as a real field, has been shown in a series of recent papers [1-3] to be responsible for the basic quantum properties of matter. In particular, the usual quantum description, as afforded e.g. by the Schrödinger e ...
... The random zero-point radiation field (ZPF) of mean energy ~ω/2 per normal mode, taken as a real field, has been shown in a series of recent papers [1-3] to be responsible for the basic quantum properties of matter. In particular, the usual quantum description, as afforded e.g. by the Schrödinger e ...
Polarizability and Collective Excitations in Semiconductor Quantum
... The polarizability can be inferred by the new position of the minimum of the confining potential, which is related to the expectation values x and y. Moreover the translational invariance of the Coulomb interaction prevents it to influence such expectations. These considerations would yield: ...
... The polarizability can be inferred by the new position of the minimum of the confining potential, which is related to the expectation values x and y. Moreover the translational invariance of the Coulomb interaction prevents it to influence such expectations. These considerations would yield: ...
Percolation of Color Sources and the determination of the
... 3.0 MeV, in reasonable agreement with recent experimental data. The number of the quark-gluon degrees of freedom equals 37.4±3.6 consistent with the formation of a ∼ 2+1 flavor QGP. CSPM constructs an analytic expression for the equation of state, the sound velocity Cs2 (ε, T ), of the QGP. The CSPM ...
... 3.0 MeV, in reasonable agreement with recent experimental data. The number of the quark-gluon degrees of freedom equals 37.4±3.6 consistent with the formation of a ∼ 2+1 flavor QGP. CSPM constructs an analytic expression for the equation of state, the sound velocity Cs2 (ε, T ), of the QGP. The CSPM ...
2 Quantum Theory of Spin Waves
... In Chapter 1, we discussed the angular momenta and magnetic moments of individual atoms and ions. When these atoms or ions are constituents of a solid, it is important to take into consideration the ways in which the angular momenta on different sites interact with one another. For simplicity, we wil ...
... In Chapter 1, we discussed the angular momenta and magnetic moments of individual atoms and ions. When these atoms or ions are constituents of a solid, it is important to take into consideration the ways in which the angular momenta on different sites interact with one another. For simplicity, we wil ...
Experimental realization of Shor`s quantum factoring algorithm using
... effective pure ground state. As desired, only one line is retained in each multiplet with its position depending on strength and sign of the J-couplings. Here, the transition corresponds to all other spins in |0i. The state r1 is obtained from this state by applying a NOT on spin 7. c, Output spectr ...
... effective pure ground state. As desired, only one line is retained in each multiplet with its position depending on strength and sign of the J-couplings. Here, the transition corresponds to all other spins in |0i. The state r1 is obtained from this state by applying a NOT on spin 7. c, Output spectr ...
Diamond NV centers for quantum computing and quantum
... NV centers, the spins must each be entangled Figure 4. (a) Schematic for generating entanglement between distant spins. Two photons, each entangled with a different spin, interfere on a beam splitter (top). Detection of a with photons that are otherwise indistinguishable photon on each output port c ...
... NV centers, the spins must each be entangled Figure 4. (a) Schematic for generating entanglement between distant spins. Two photons, each entangled with a different spin, interfere on a beam splitter (top). Detection of a with photons that are otherwise indistinguishable photon on each output port c ...
Controlling the dark exciton spin eigenstates by external magnetic field
... for the angle θB and the DE Bloch sphere. Since in the Faraday configuration the magnetic field direction is aligned with the direction of the |+2 spin state, it follows that π/2 − θB is the angle between the Bloch sphere eigenstate axis and the direction of the magnetic field. Thus, as the magnitu ...
... for the angle θB and the DE Bloch sphere. Since in the Faraday configuration the magnetic field direction is aligned with the direction of the |+2 spin state, it follows that π/2 − θB is the angle between the Bloch sphere eigenstate axis and the direction of the magnetic field. Thus, as the magnitu ...
Ramsey Interference in One-Dimensional Systems: The Full
... mode approximation cannot be applied because these systems do not have macroscopic occupations of a single state, even at zero temperature. The non mean-field character of the multimode spin dynamics in 1D quasicondensates was first reported in experiments by Widera et al. [5]. However, this work di ...
... mode approximation cannot be applied because these systems do not have macroscopic occupations of a single state, even at zero temperature. The non mean-field character of the multimode spin dynamics in 1D quasicondensates was first reported in experiments by Widera et al. [5]. However, this work di ...