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gravity theory based on mass–energy equivalence
gravity theory based on mass–energy equivalence

Mountain Building Processes in Four-Dimensions (4D-MB)
Mountain Building Processes in Four-Dimensions (4D-MB)

... mission. It will test the hypothesis that re-organizations of Earth’s mantle during the collision of tectonic plates have both immediate and long-lasting effects on earthquake distribution, crustal motion and landscape evolution in mountain belts. 4D-MB challenges conventional wisdom by recognising ...
The westward drift of the lithosphere
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... Assuming an active pull from only that part of a slab between depths of 50 km and 350 km, and considering for example the Marianas slab, the following concerns can be envisaged. The negative buoyancy of an ~300-km-long slab should be able to pull the 10,000-km-long Pacific plate, overcoming the fric ...
True Polar Wander: Linking Deep and Shallow
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joseph barrell - National Academy of Sciences
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... led him to precise habits of thought, and it is this characteristic that especially distinguishes his work. He himself has said that "geologic research in the past generation has been passing out of the qualitative stage and has partaken notably of the quantitative character." Barrell's first public ...
William Lowrie
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... equatorial belt and decreases towards the poles and it is higher over land masses than over oceans [1]. Local thunderstorm activity can vary considerably from year to year but attempts to detect a periodicity have so far been unsuccessful. Long-time statistics are therefore required to establish rel ...
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... would stay around 30 days. Radiation tolerant electronics development – computers, avionics, memory – was lagging at the time. NASA cancelled EO in 2001, when in Phase B. At about that time, NASA embarked in Project Prometheus, on the use of nuclear reactors for power, and for powering high specifi ...
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Mantle plumes and dynamics of the Earth interior — towards a new

... Isostatic and gravity data indicate that mantle viscosity increases with depth by two orders of magnitude. The gravitational sinking of subduction slabs in the lower mantle is then practically very difficult. The concept of the so-called post-subduction slabs avalanches is an attempt to overcome thi ...
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Thermal history of the Earth and its petrological expression

... compositions are important to constrain because their MgO and FeO contents increase with mantle potential temperature TP (Langmuir et al., 1992; Putirka, 2005; Herzberg et al., 2007; Herzberg and Asimow, 2008). They provide a petrological record of the thermal state of the mantle from which they for ...
Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry of the Mantle
Radiogenic Isotope Geochemistry of the Mantle

... A principal objective of geology is to understand how the Earth evolved from its initial state to its present one. Radiogenic isotope geochemistry is uniquely suited for this sort of study because an isotope ratio such as 87Sr/86Sr is a function not only of the differentiation processes which fracti ...
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J. J. Thomson and The Electron: 1897–1899 An Introduction
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... many transcendentally important and interesting conclusions that one cannot but wish to see the hypothesis verified at an early date by some crucial experiment [24].” The text of the April 30 talk appeared in the May 21 issue of The Electrician, immediately following Fitzgerald’s commentary on it. A ...
"Radial compression and torque-balanced steady states of single-component plasmas in Penning-Malmberg traps" Physics of Plasmas 13 (2006), 055706 J. R. Danielson and C. M. Surko (PDF)
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... electric field or, for ion plasmas, using the absorption and re-emission of laser light to inject angular momentum.8 The effectiveness of the technique depends upon the efficiency of coupling of the external torque to the plasma. Since the external agent used to apply the torque does work on the pla ...
Bennington, J Bret, Merguerian, Charles, and Sanders, J.E., 1999
Bennington, J Bret, Merguerian, Charles, and Sanders, J.E., 1999

... Beach, NY with the shutter of the camera opened at intervals from 1700 h to 1810 h without advancing the film. (Bill Davis, Long Island Newsday.) Ancient astronomers found only one star in the heavens that did not change position in the sky throughout the year: the pole star. They named the star dir ...
DICTIONARY OF GEOPHYSICS, ASTROPHYSICS, and
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... acceleration The rate of change of the velocity of an object per unit of time (in Newtonian physics) and per unit of proper time of the object (in relativity theory). In relativity, acceleration also has a geometric interpretation. An object that experiences only gravitational forces moves along a g ...
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Schiehallion experiment



The Schiehallion experiment was an 18th-century experiment to determine the mean density of the Earth. Funded by a grant from the Royal Society, it was conducted in the summer of 1774 around the Scottish mountain of Schiehallion, Perthshire. The experiment involved measuring the tiny deflection of a pendulum due to the gravitational attraction of a nearby mountain. Schiehallion was considered the ideal location after a search for candidate mountains, thanks to its isolation and almost symmetrical shape. One of the triggers for the experiment were anomalies noted during the survey of the Mason–Dixon Line.The experiment had previously been considered, but rejected, by Isaac Newton as a practical demonstration of his theory of gravitation. However, a team of scientists, notably Nevil Maskelyne, the Astronomer Royal, were convinced that the effect would be detectable and undertook to conduct the experiment. The deflection angle depended on the relative densities and volumes of the Earth and the mountain: if the density and volume of Schiehallion could be ascertained, then so could the density of the Earth. Once this was known, then this would in turn yield approximate values for those of the other planets, their moons, and the Sun, previously known only in terms of their relative ratios. As an additional benefit, the concept of contour lines, devised to simplify the process of surveying the mountain, later became a standard technique in cartography.
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