New Insights on Neural Basis of Choice
... psychologists and neuroscientists, but quite reasonably, economists and marketers are also being aware of the importance of this topic of research. Not surprising, since understanding how humans value goods and how they make choices would improve the effectiveness of marketing strategies. Especially ...
... psychologists and neuroscientists, but quite reasonably, economists and marketers are also being aware of the importance of this topic of research. Not surprising, since understanding how humans value goods and how they make choices would improve the effectiveness of marketing strategies. Especially ...
Various Approaches to Decision Making
... to be applied and followed successfully, to study it. These methods vary in substantial ways, from problem to problem, the results of which lead to the fragmentation of this field into many categories. The criteria for the success of this theory cover the whole decision cycle. They consist of, e.g., ...
... to be applied and followed successfully, to study it. These methods vary in substantial ways, from problem to problem, the results of which lead to the fragmentation of this field into many categories. The criteria for the success of this theory cover the whole decision cycle. They consist of, e.g., ...
Neuropsychologia fMRI evidence for strategic decision
... and Caramazza (1975) presented participants with pairs of sentence fragments containing an ambiguous pronoun that cannot be assigned to an antecedent noun based solely on gender (e.g., “The father confessed to his son because he. . .” and “The father scolded his son because he. . .”), and asked part ...
... and Caramazza (1975) presented participants with pairs of sentence fragments containing an ambiguous pronoun that cannot be assigned to an antecedent noun based solely on gender (e.g., “The father confessed to his son because he. . .” and “The father scolded his son because he. . .”), and asked part ...
Confidence-Related Decision Making
... not wait for a possible reward, i.e., what they call the negative outcome population, although it really represents lack of confidence that the perceptual decision just made will have a positive outcome, equivalent to confidence that the decision just made will have a negative outcome. The two netwo ...
... not wait for a possible reward, i.e., what they call the negative outcome population, although it really represents lack of confidence that the perceptual decision just made will have a positive outcome, equivalent to confidence that the decision just made will have a negative outcome. The two netwo ...
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Human Decision Making: A Review
... Bechara et al. using a gambling task has been particularly influential in shaping the direction of such work in the past several years. This laboratory task was developed to capture the elements of risk, reward, and punishment that this group hypothesized were at the root of the decision-making impa ...
... Bechara et al. using a gambling task has been particularly influential in shaping the direction of such work in the past several years. This laboratory task was developed to capture the elements of risk, reward, and punishment that this group hypothesized were at the root of the decision-making impa ...
Prediction in Human Decision Making
... the human subjects were asked to do the same task. A group of six volunteers including three men and three women at the age of 23-26 participated in this experiment. Results: The similarity between responses of the model and the human behavior was observed after varying the prediction horizons. We f ...
... the human subjects were asked to do the same task. A group of six volunteers including three men and three women at the age of 23-26 participated in this experiment. Results: The similarity between responses of the model and the human behavior was observed after varying the prediction horizons. We f ...
Stochastic dynamics as a principle of brain function
... because any parameters must describe a probability distribution and not a single point in the parameter space. Therefore, a reduction of the integrate-and-fire models is necessary in order to establish a systematic relation between structure (parameters), dynamics, and functional behavior (i.e., to s ...
... because any parameters must describe a probability distribution and not a single point in the parameter space. Therefore, a reduction of the integrate-and-fire models is necessary in order to establish a systematic relation between structure (parameters), dynamics, and functional behavior (i.e., to s ...
The Computation and Comparison of Value in Goal
... decision, the brain needs to measure the desirability of the outcomes that follow. Finally, this feedback is used to update the other processes in order to improve the quality of future decisions. These are not rigid categories, but they provide a useful and reasonable decomposition of decision-maki ...
... decision, the brain needs to measure the desirability of the outcomes that follow. Finally, this feedback is used to update the other processes in order to improve the quality of future decisions. These are not rigid categories, but they provide a useful and reasonable decomposition of decision-maki ...
Foreign policy decision making: rational, psychological, and
... consistency impairs the processes of estimation and judgement. The well-established tendency to discount inconsistent information contributes significantly to the persistence of beliefs. Indeed, exposure to contradictory information frequently results in the strengthening of beliefs (Anderson et al ...
... consistency impairs the processes of estimation and judgement. The well-established tendency to discount inconsistent information contributes significantly to the persistence of beliefs. Indeed, exposure to contradictory information frequently results in the strengthening of beliefs (Anderson et al ...
Neural computations associated with goal-directed choice
... Peak activity for choices over gambles representing both monetary gain and loss from Tom et al. [24] is shown in green. Yellow voxels represent the peak for decisions about charitable donations from Hare et al. [34]. Examples of the stimuli associated with each peak are shown on the right inside a ...
... Peak activity for choices over gambles representing both monetary gain and loss from Tom et al. [24] is shown in green. Yellow voxels represent the peak for decisions about charitable donations from Hare et al. [34]. Examples of the stimuli associated with each peak are shown on the right inside a ...
Orbital Frontal Cortex Slides
... Damage to the OFC Story of Elliot Elliot was diagnosed with a brain tumor and had it successfully removed. The surgery left him with bilateral damage to his OFC. Neuropsychologist ran test on Elliot but found no evidence of brain damage. - Tested intelligence, memory, reading and writing comprehens ...
... Damage to the OFC Story of Elliot Elliot was diagnosed with a brain tumor and had it successfully removed. The surgery left him with bilateral damage to his OFC. Neuropsychologist ran test on Elliot but found no evidence of brain damage. - Tested intelligence, memory, reading and writing comprehens ...
Basic principles of attention and decision
... • Tasks demanding overt attention make difficult to disentangle attention and motor action • Firing rate correlates with accumulation of sensory evidence LIP represents a final stage for the selection of specific courses of action, dynamically incorporating information (even at 0%!) Gottlieb and B ...
... • Tasks demanding overt attention make difficult to disentangle attention and motor action • Firing rate correlates with accumulation of sensory evidence LIP represents a final stage for the selection of specific courses of action, dynamically incorporating information (even at 0%!) Gottlieb and B ...
A general mechanism for perceptual decision
... activity during those trials in which more sensory evidence for one of the alternative categories was available (suprathreshold versus perithreshold stimuli), and second, the activity in this region was correlated with the absolute difference between the signals of face- and house-selective regions. ...
... activity during those trials in which more sensory evidence for one of the alternative categories was available (suprathreshold versus perithreshold stimuli), and second, the activity in this region was correlated with the absolute difference between the signals of face- and house-selective regions. ...
Does stress alter everyday moral decision
... 5 min and left the room again. The placebo TSST elicits no cortisol responses and only minor alpha-amylase responses that are significantly smaller than responses elicited by the TSST, most likely reflective of the physical demands of the control condition (standing and talking) (Het et al., 2009). ...
... 5 min and left the room again. The placebo TSST elicits no cortisol responses and only minor alpha-amylase responses that are significantly smaller than responses elicited by the TSST, most likely reflective of the physical demands of the control condition (standing and talking) (Het et al., 2009). ...
Unlocking Single-Trial Dynamics in Parietal Cortex During Decision-Making
... that is commonly believed to reflect the accumulation of sensory evidence during decisionmaking. However, ramping that appears in trial-averaged responses does not necessarily imply spike rate ramps on single trials; a ramping average could also arise from instantaneous steps that occur at different ...
... that is commonly believed to reflect the accumulation of sensory evidence during decisionmaking. However, ramping that appears in trial-averaged responses does not necessarily imply spike rate ramps on single trials; a ramping average could also arise from instantaneous steps that occur at different ...
Emotion and decision-making explained: A prEcis
... simpler. For example, view-invariant object recognition is probably much less developed in non-primates, with the recognition that is possible being based more on physical similarity in terms of texture, colour, simple features, etc., rather than in terms of shape that ...
... simpler. For example, view-invariant object recognition is probably much less developed in non-primates, with the recognition that is possible being based more on physical similarity in terms of texture, colour, simple features, etc., rather than in terms of shape that ...
Cognitive Neurosciences and Strategic Management: Challenges
... However, applying these techniques poses several challenges. Researchers should use caution, and be mindful not only of the basic philosophical differences between management and neuroscience (Healey & Hodgkinson, 2014), but also of the crucial methodological and design issues they will face. We ai ...
... However, applying these techniques poses several challenges. Researchers should use caution, and be mindful not only of the basic philosophical differences between management and neuroscience (Healey & Hodgkinson, 2014), but also of the crucial methodological and design issues they will face. We ai ...
Computational rationality: A converging paradigm
... Models of computational rationality are built on a base of inferential processes for perceiving, predicting, learning, and reasoning under uncertainty (1–3). Such inferential processes operate on representations that encode probabilistic dependencies among variables capturing the likelihoods of rele ...
... Models of computational rationality are built on a base of inferential processes for perceiving, predicting, learning, and reasoning under uncertainty (1–3). Such inferential processes operate on representations that encode probabilistic dependencies among variables capturing the likelihoods of rele ...
Les outils pour faciliter la prise de décisions en marketing stratégique
... contribution into the final decisions become vital for their future commitment to the suggested actions. The process depends much on personal determination, complexity of the problem, group dynamics, leadership skills, and other rational and irrational factors (e.g. Luce et al, 1999). The success of ...
... contribution into the final decisions become vital for their future commitment to the suggested actions. The process depends much on personal determination, complexity of the problem, group dynamics, leadership skills, and other rational and irrational factors (e.g. Luce et al, 1999). The success of ...
Quiz 3 0. Give your name 2. Decision making in the honey bee
... possible eye movement decisions. Each population of integrator neurons receives a noisy input signal that it integrates, subject to some constant loss. Each population also inhibits the activation of the other to a degree proportional to its own activation. So, as one ...
... possible eye movement decisions. Each population of integrator neurons receives a noisy input signal that it integrates, subject to some constant loss. Each population also inhibits the activation of the other to a degree proportional to its own activation. So, as one ...
Adams et al
... For example, certain foraging problems can be generalized to a broad class of resource-seeking behaviors [1]. When the fitness impact of a decision is large, strong selective pressures should produce mathematically optimal behavior. Such a constraint means that the neurobiological mechanisms mediati ...
... For example, certain foraging problems can be generalized to a broad class of resource-seeking behaviors [1]. When the fitness impact of a decision is large, strong selective pressures should produce mathematically optimal behavior. Such a constraint means that the neurobiological mechanisms mediati ...
Wilkinson Handout 2014
... has been made that excludes the body’ (Sinason 2006) • Therapies that focus only on the mind will continue to promote the now out-dated Cartesian split. ...
... has been made that excludes the body’ (Sinason 2006) • Therapies that focus only on the mind will continue to promote the now out-dated Cartesian split. ...
Emotional and cognitive factors in financial decision
... There is increasing evidence that human decision making is not simply a cognitive process. Emotions and physiological factors are intertwined with human decision-making from perception through to action. Emotions drive attention, can be understood as action tendencies, are involved in memory storage ...
... There is increasing evidence that human decision making is not simply a cognitive process. Emotions and physiological factors are intertwined with human decision-making from perception through to action. Emotions drive attention, can be understood as action tendencies, are involved in memory storage ...
Orbitofrontal Cortex and Its Contribution to Decision
... Research paradigm: Reverse contingencies ...
... Research paradigm: Reverse contingencies ...
Input Involves all environmental stimuli – e.g. other players/the ball
... Input Involves all environmental stimuli – e.g. other players/the ball. ...
... Input Involves all environmental stimuli – e.g. other players/the ball. ...
Decision-making
This article deals with decision-making as analyzed in psychology. See also Decision theory.In psychology, decision-making is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several alternative possibilities. Every decision-making process produces a final choice that may or may not prompt action. Decision-making is the process of identifying and choosing alternatives based on the values and preferences of the decision-maker.