Frequency doubling with KNbO3 in an external cavity
... precarious for large AT(O). In summary, we have reported an investigation of frequency doubling with KNbO3 in an external resonator driven by the light from a single-frequency Ti:A12 03 laser. An output of 0.65 W of cw blue light at 430 nm has been generated from 1.35 W of infrared input. The effect ...
... precarious for large AT(O). In summary, we have reported an investigation of frequency doubling with KNbO3 in an external resonator driven by the light from a single-frequency Ti:A12 03 laser. An output of 0.65 W of cw blue light at 430 nm has been generated from 1.35 W of infrared input. The effect ...
Temperature Distribution in Different Materials Due to Short Pulse
... sample is then scanned in the radial direction, it is made sure that the spatial averaging does not include any temperatures of colder material outside the irradiated region. As seen in Figure 1, the thermal imaging camera is placed at an angle relative to the optical axis of the laser beam. It is g ...
... sample is then scanned in the radial direction, it is made sure that the spatial averaging does not include any temperatures of colder material outside the irradiated region. As seen in Figure 1, the thermal imaging camera is placed at an angle relative to the optical axis of the laser beam. It is g ...
Optimal heating and cooling strategies for heat exchanger design
... Counterflow heat exchangers are only optimal for a particular set of parameters.-Note that the common case of “balanced” flow mC=moCo cannot be optimal. ...
... Counterflow heat exchangers are only optimal for a particular set of parameters.-Note that the common case of “balanced” flow mC=moCo cannot be optimal. ...
Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION AND BASIC CONCEPTS
... the heat source in winter (air-source HP). In cold climates their efficiency drops considerably when temperatures are below the freezing point. In such cases, geothermal (ground-source) HP that use the ground as the heat source can be used. Such heat pumps are more expensive to install, but they are ...
... the heat source in winter (air-source HP). In cold climates their efficiency drops considerably when temperatures are below the freezing point. In such cases, geothermal (ground-source) HP that use the ground as the heat source can be used. Such heat pumps are more expensive to install, but they are ...
... convection experiments were performed using Tyfocor® LS (a propylene glycol-based heat transfer fluid for thermal solar systems) at various flow rates and temperatures. Reynolds numbers were in the range 5-200. Measured Nusselt numbers were much lower than classical theory and were observed to be di ...
Active Cooling Of A Mobile Phone Handset
... assumption of fixed case to ambient thermal resistance. However, because the case to ambient thermal resistance is the result of a natural convection component and a radiation component, its value varies with case temperature. In the tests which were performed, the maximum case to ambient temperatur ...
... assumption of fixed case to ambient thermal resistance. However, because the case to ambient thermal resistance is the result of a natural convection component and a radiation component, its value varies with case temperature. In the tests which were performed, the maximum case to ambient temperatur ...
DOC - unece
... compressor, condenser and automaticity appliances) located outside the body and connected to evaporators placed in one or more different compartments. These may either be of the ventilated type or the flooded type in eutectic plates or tubes. Multi-temperature means equipment in which the compartmen ...
... compressor, condenser and automaticity appliances) located outside the body and connected to evaporators placed in one or more different compartments. These may either be of the ventilated type or the flooded type in eutectic plates or tubes. Multi-temperature means equipment in which the compartmen ...
Review of biomaterial thermal property
... It is well accepted in cryobiology that the temperature history and cooling rates experienced in biomaterials during freezing procedures correlate strongly with biological outcome. Therefore, heat transfer measurement and prediction in the cryogenic regime is central to the field. Although direct mea ...
... It is well accepted in cryobiology that the temperature history and cooling rates experienced in biomaterials during freezing procedures correlate strongly with biological outcome. Therefore, heat transfer measurement and prediction in the cryogenic regime is central to the field. Although direct mea ...
Heat-pulse propagation along nonequilibrium nanowires in
... ρ the mass density, and γ the Grüneisen constant. In the evolution equation (1) the nonlinear terms are introduced by the parameters in Eqs. (2) which, indeed, do not have a precise physical meaning. However, they turn out well-known quantities when coupled with the heat flux. In fact, `q in Eq. (1 ...
... ρ the mass density, and γ the Grüneisen constant. In the evolution equation (1) the nonlinear terms are introduced by the parameters in Eqs. (2) which, indeed, do not have a precise physical meaning. However, they turn out well-known quantities when coupled with the heat flux. In fact, `q in Eq. (1 ...
measurement of the figure-of-merit of thermoelectric devices
... Where, Vac and Vdc is a direct and an alternating current applied to the sample, respectively. Eq. (2) is equivalent to Eq. (1) when the thermally isolated condition of the sample is guaranteed. However, the heat leakage by the current and voltage lead wires and the degree of vacuum around a sample ...
... Where, Vac and Vdc is a direct and an alternating current applied to the sample, respectively. Eq. (2) is equivalent to Eq. (1) when the thermally isolated condition of the sample is guaranteed. However, the heat leakage by the current and voltage lead wires and the degree of vacuum around a sample ...
the implication of energy efficient building envelope details for ice
... This leads to the question of what factors influence ice formation on buildings that are within our design control. While there are many environmental impacts, such as solar exposure, wind speeds and air temperatures; ice formation can also be affected by the building design itself. Modern architect ...
... This leads to the question of what factors influence ice formation on buildings that are within our design control. While there are many environmental impacts, such as solar exposure, wind speeds and air temperatures; ice formation can also be affected by the building design itself. Modern architect ...
Chapter 27 - Houston ISD
... under water. The ball is less dense than the water. There is an upward force equal to the weight of the displaced medium that pushes the ball out of the water. But this force not only applies to solids, it also applies to fluids and gases. As heated air or a fluid rises, there are density difference ...
... under water. The ball is less dense than the water. There is an upward force equal to the weight of the displaced medium that pushes the ball out of the water. But this force not only applies to solids, it also applies to fluids and gases. As heated air or a fluid rises, there are density difference ...
Study of a Transformer Thermal System
... However, it becomes difficult to make the study of the transformer considering all the different temperatures. In order to be possible to establish a lumped model, it will be considered zones with material homogeneity, as well as zones where it can be found heat sources and using the Biot number [14 ...
... However, it becomes difficult to make the study of the transformer considering all the different temperatures. In order to be possible to establish a lumped model, it will be considered zones with material homogeneity, as well as zones where it can be found heat sources and using the Biot number [14 ...
Influence of an insulating megaregolith on heat flow and crustal
... the time of the formation of these scarps, by solving the heat equation and taking into ...
... the time of the formation of these scarps, by solving the heat equation and taking into ...
Slide 1
... • We can measure thermal conductivity with respect to standards as you can see in this overhead of a thermal conductivity measurements on board Leg ODP 150 New Jersey Margin in the summer of 1993. People are (L toR) Bryce Hoppie and Craig Fulthorpe. These needles contain heaters and temperature sens ...
... • We can measure thermal conductivity with respect to standards as you can see in this overhead of a thermal conductivity measurements on board Leg ODP 150 New Jersey Margin in the summer of 1993. People are (L toR) Bryce Hoppie and Craig Fulthorpe. These needles contain heaters and temperature sens ...
The Second Law of Thermodynamics
... The second law also asserts that energy has a quality. Preserving the quality of energy is a major concern of engineers. In the above example, the energy stored in a hot container (higher temperature) has higher quality (ability to work) in comparison with the energy contained (at low ...
... The second law also asserts that energy has a quality. Preserving the quality of energy is a major concern of engineers. In the above example, the energy stored in a hot container (higher temperature) has higher quality (ability to work) in comparison with the energy contained (at low ...
Interaction of clothing and thermoregulation
... insulation of 0.2 clo (clo is a unit for clothing insulation. For reference, a three-piece business suit is 1 clo; long trousers and short-sleeved shirt around 0.6 clo). An increase in air speed will push the comfort range up (1°C for 0.2 m.s-1). In terms of physiological values, comfort can be rela ...
... insulation of 0.2 clo (clo is a unit for clothing insulation. For reference, a three-piece business suit is 1 clo; long trousers and short-sleeved shirt around 0.6 clo). An increase in air speed will push the comfort range up (1°C for 0.2 m.s-1). In terms of physiological values, comfort can be rela ...
Dynamic Control of Radiative Surface Properties with Origami
... approaches are given in Equations 7, 8 and 11. As can be seen, all three equations require the irradiative flux (GB), the overall heat loss coefficient (U(t)) and knowledge of a temperature profile during a heating scenario. Likewise, to evaluate U(t), a temperature curve for a cooling scenario must ...
... approaches are given in Equations 7, 8 and 11. As can be seen, all three equations require the irradiative flux (GB), the overall heat loss coefficient (U(t)) and knowledge of a temperature profile during a heating scenario. Likewise, to evaluate U(t), a temperature curve for a cooling scenario must ...
The engine converts the chemical energy stored in the fuel
... energy. For gases, the temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles. For solids and liquids, this is only approximately true. For any form of matter, the temperature does not depend on the number of particles in the body. If a one-kilogram mass of steel is at the same t ...
... energy. For gases, the temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the particles. For solids and liquids, this is only approximately true. For any form of matter, the temperature does not depend on the number of particles in the body. If a one-kilogram mass of steel is at the same t ...
Journal of Special Topics - Department of Physics and Astronomy
... be no heat loss through the ground beneath the igloo, but this would not be the case in reality. Also, there would most likely be other heat sources within the igloo, such as an oil lamp. Conclusion Assuming a steady state system of a single human’s body heat radiated to the air inside the igloo and ...
... be no heat loss through the ground beneath the igloo, but this would not be the case in reality. Also, there would most likely be other heat sources within the igloo, such as an oil lamp. Conclusion Assuming a steady state system of a single human’s body heat radiated to the air inside the igloo and ...
Heating Systems for Low Energy Buildings
... The system with the heat exchanger uses less than 30% of the energy of the standard system. Even just the ability to move heat form the classrooms to the unoccupied corridors as in the case of the mechanical ventilation only system uses less energy. Thought needs to be given to ventilation strategie ...
... The system with the heat exchanger uses less than 30% of the energy of the standard system. Even just the ability to move heat form the classrooms to the unoccupied corridors as in the case of the mechanical ventilation only system uses less energy. Thought needs to be given to ventilation strategie ...
European climate zones and bio-climatic design
... affect the specific energy consumption of the building, which is increased when climate becomes more severe. Energy uses that are affected by climate are space heating and space cooling. Among the different parameters that will affect the building space heating and cooling, climate, local environmen ...
... affect the specific energy consumption of the building, which is increased when climate becomes more severe. Energy uses that are affected by climate are space heating and space cooling. Among the different parameters that will affect the building space heating and cooling, climate, local environmen ...
The effect of Wind Energy consumption in buildings
... passageways and building entrances have been found to be uncomfortable due to excessive windiness or poorly~ontrolledclimate, architects have been tending t o enclose them as indoor lobbies and malls, either remedially o r as part of the initial design ['Ill. Appropriate climatic design of such outd ...
... passageways and building entrances have been found to be uncomfortable due to excessive windiness or poorly~ontrolledclimate, architects have been tending t o enclose them as indoor lobbies and malls, either remedially o r as part of the initial design ['Ill. Appropriate climatic design of such outd ...