High molecular gas fractions in normal massive star
... that young galaxies were much more molecular-gas rich. Molecular gas observations in the distant Universe have so far largely been restricted to very luminous, rare objects, including mergers and quasars3–5, and accordingly we do not yet have a clear idea about the gas content of more normal (albeit ...
... that young galaxies were much more molecular-gas rich. Molecular gas observations in the distant Universe have so far largely been restricted to very luminous, rare objects, including mergers and quasars3–5, and accordingly we do not yet have a clear idea about the gas content of more normal (albeit ...
Particle acceleration and synchrotron emission in blazar jets
... 1. the low frequency spectral index α = −0.25, which corresponds to taking tacc = tesc /2 2. the characteristic synchrotron frequency emitted by an electron of the maximum Lorentz factor as seen in the observers frame (taken to be 1.3 × 1018 Hz) 3. the spatial extent of the emitting region, which de ...
... 1. the low frequency spectral index α = −0.25, which corresponds to taking tacc = tesc /2 2. the characteristic synchrotron frequency emitted by an electron of the maximum Lorentz factor as seen in the observers frame (taken to be 1.3 × 1018 Hz) 3. the spatial extent of the emitting region, which de ...
Article 8
... directions. He observed shifts in the spectra of light from different galaxies, which are proportional to their distance from us. The farther away the galaxy, the more its spectrum is shifted towards the low (red) end of the spectrum, which is in some way comparable to the Doppler effect. This redsh ...
... directions. He observed shifts in the spectra of light from different galaxies, which are proportional to their distance from us. The farther away the galaxy, the more its spectrum is shifted towards the low (red) end of the spectrum, which is in some way comparable to the Doppler effect. This redsh ...
Proposal: Concept of a test stand for laser accelerated
... scheme of a concept how the increase in the repetition rate from two hours to a shot every ten minutes with a high peak power of 150 TW is achievable. To realize this, the existing beam line to the laserlab will be used to guide the laser beam (red line) leaving the pre-amplifier to two amplifier st ...
... scheme of a concept how the increase in the repetition rate from two hours to a shot every ten minutes with a high peak power of 150 TW is achievable. To realize this, the existing beam line to the laserlab will be used to guide the laser beam (red line) leaving the pre-amplifier to two amplifier st ...
Lectures 6-8: Solar nebula theory
... o Consider spherical grain of radius r and geometric cross section σ = π r2. If number of grains m-3 is ng, and relative velocity of the grains is vrel then volume (V) swept out in time t is V = σ vrel t, (or V = σ vrel for 1 second). o The number of particles (N) encountered in t is N = V ng = σ ...
... o Consider spherical grain of radius r and geometric cross section σ = π r2. If number of grains m-3 is ng, and relative velocity of the grains is vrel then volume (V) swept out in time t is V = σ vrel t, (or V = σ vrel for 1 second). o The number of particles (N) encountered in t is N = V ng = σ ...
Chapter 6
... to describe the region where useful heating is done. Convection, however, can get around such limits, as will be discussed in class in more detail. This subject is still very controversial and unclear. The problem is extremely difficult numerical, challenging modelers to handle the difficult hydrody ...
... to describe the region where useful heating is done. Convection, however, can get around such limits, as will be discussed in class in more detail. This subject is still very controversial and unclear. The problem is extremely difficult numerical, challenging modelers to handle the difficult hydrody ...
New Interpretations of Measured Antihydrogen Velocities and Field
... In conclusion, we have demonstrated that chargeexchange collisions are likely responsible for the higher prothan-thermal velocities that ATRAP observed for H duced during the e cooling of p in a nested Penning trap, even when the p are just given enough energy to pass through the e plasma. The ...
... In conclusion, we have demonstrated that chargeexchange collisions are likely responsible for the higher prothan-thermal velocities that ATRAP observed for H duced during the e cooling of p in a nested Penning trap, even when the p are just given enough energy to pass through the e plasma. The ...
white paper
... galaxies is currently in preparation). In the coming months, the project will initiate mechanisms to further expand the ngVLA science program, through continued community leadership. Such a facility will have broad impact on many of the paramount questions in modern astronomy. The science working gr ...
... galaxies is currently in preparation). In the coming months, the project will initiate mechanisms to further expand the ngVLA science program, through continued community leadership. Such a facility will have broad impact on many of the paramount questions in modern astronomy. The science working gr ...
Electron/proton separation and analysis techniques used in the AMS
... tube straws filled with a 90:10 Xe:CO2 mixture. In the radiator material the refraction index changes several times. This increases the probability for the crossing particle to emit transition radiation X-rays. The emission probability is proportional to the Lorentz boost factor γ, therefore electro ...
... tube straws filled with a 90:10 Xe:CO2 mixture. In the radiator material the refraction index changes several times. This increases the probability for the crossing particle to emit transition radiation X-rays. The emission probability is proportional to the Lorentz boost factor γ, therefore electro ...
GUM31 Y ALREDEDORES
... WR 55 is the only massive star related to RCW 78 and the main responsible for the ionization of the gas. The HI gas emission distribution reveals an HI shell associated with RCW 78, which can be interpreted as an HI bubble linked to the ionized ring nebula. CO observations show the presence of ...
... WR 55 is the only massive star related to RCW 78 and the main responsible for the ionization of the gas. The HI gas emission distribution reveals an HI shell associated with RCW 78, which can be interpreted as an HI bubble linked to the ionized ring nebula. CO observations show the presence of ...
The Larmor Formula
... Bremsstrahlung: Coulomb collisions • Coulomb collisions are mainly due to “long range” interactions, – i.e. particles are far apart, and only slightly change their trajectories (there are exceptions in high density plasmas) – thus and – we are then ready to evaluate the time integrated emission ...
... Bremsstrahlung: Coulomb collisions • Coulomb collisions are mainly due to “long range” interactions, – i.e. particles are far apart, and only slightly change their trajectories (there are exceptions in high density plasmas) – thus and – we are then ready to evaluate the time integrated emission ...
Atomic Structure and the Properties of Matter (Chapter 11)
... electron. In reality, however, this is not quite the case. The ability of an particular inner electron to cancel the charge of the nucleus for the outermost electron depends on the orbital of that inner electron. Remember that electrons in the s-orbital have a greater probability of being near the n ...
... electron. In reality, however, this is not quite the case. The ability of an particular inner electron to cancel the charge of the nucleus for the outermost electron depends on the orbital of that inner electron. Remember that electrons in the s-orbital have a greater probability of being near the n ...
The driving mechanism of starbursts in galaxy mergers
... The gas response to the interaction is actually dominated by fragmentation in many dense clouds scattered along the spiral arms, with a classical “beads on a string” morphology (see Fig. 3), with typical clump masses of 106−8 M⊙ . These high clump masses result from the gas turbulent motions, which ...
... The gas response to the interaction is actually dominated by fragmentation in many dense clouds scattered along the spiral arms, with a classical “beads on a string” morphology (see Fig. 3), with typical clump masses of 106−8 M⊙ . These high clump masses result from the gas turbulent motions, which ...
Introduction - Assets - Cambridge
... true throughout the universe. In differing samples the bulk abundances have differing physical significances. One may seek the total number of each specific kind of atom in the solar system, for example. Today these reside overwhelmingly within the Sun owing to its dominant mass, although complement ...
... true throughout the universe. In differing samples the bulk abundances have differing physical significances. One may seek the total number of each specific kind of atom in the solar system, for example. Today these reside overwhelmingly within the Sun owing to its dominant mass, although complement ...
Measuring Noble Gases in Coma Samples from
... temperatures of ~1200-1250 °C, the He diffusion coefficients for vitreous silica (Marty et al. 2007) are large enough for glassy aerogel with dimensions on the order of 1 mm to completely degass within ~10 seconds. For the ≤100 μm size scale associated with melted aerogel along the particle tracks, ...
... temperatures of ~1200-1250 °C, the He diffusion coefficients for vitreous silica (Marty et al. 2007) are large enough for glassy aerogel with dimensions on the order of 1 mm to completely degass within ~10 seconds. For the ≤100 μm size scale associated with melted aerogel along the particle tracks, ...
English Summary
... The AGN Family Galaxies are said to harbour active galactic nuclei or AGN, if the supermassive black hole in their center is actively accreting matter. The power of an AGN depends mainly on the mass of its central supermassive black hole, the rate at which it swallows matter and how much matter ther ...
... The AGN Family Galaxies are said to harbour active galactic nuclei or AGN, if the supermassive black hole in their center is actively accreting matter. The power of an AGN depends mainly on the mass of its central supermassive black hole, the rate at which it swallows matter and how much matter ther ...
Microplasma
Microplasmas are plasmas of small dimensions, ranging from tens to thousands of micrometers. They can be generated at a variety of temperatures and pressures, existing as either thermal or non-thermal plasmas. Non-thermal microplasmas that can maintain their state at standard temperatures and pressures are readily available and accessible to scientists as they can be easily sustained and manipulated under standard conditions. Therefore, they can be employed for commercial, industrial, and medical applications, giving rise to the evolving field of microplasmas.