Sexual selection and sympatric speciation van Doorn, Gerrit
... genes is poorly understood. Most empirical data are available for gamete recognition systems of marine invertebrate species. For these systems, several (mostly verbal) models have been suggested in order to explain positive selection on male gamete-recognition proteins. They all propose that sperm s ...
... genes is poorly understood. Most empirical data are available for gamete recognition systems of marine invertebrate species. For these systems, several (mostly verbal) models have been suggested in order to explain positive selection on male gamete-recognition proteins. They all propose that sperm s ...
According to a study published on the journal Molecular Biology and
... Homoscleromorph sponges have always been considered more similar to metazoans than to sponges. Ana Riesgo states that "they have more complex morphological characteristics than other sponges and, in the case of Corticium, they follow the same process of gametogenesis than cnidarians." Moreover, the ...
... Homoscleromorph sponges have always been considered more similar to metazoans than to sponges. Ana Riesgo states that "they have more complex morphological characteristics than other sponges and, in the case of Corticium, they follow the same process of gametogenesis than cnidarians." Moreover, the ...
Gene and Genome Evolution
... • Also, we would like to understand how all living things work, but finite resources lead us to concentrate on just a few organisms that are easy to work with. ...
... • Also, we would like to understand how all living things work, but finite resources lead us to concentrate on just a few organisms that are easy to work with. ...
Cumulative Change and Natural Selection Student Material
... occur randomly. What represented the process of mutation in this model? Defend your answer. A random process (the shuffling) determined the card that appeared on the top of the deck after each shuffle. If the card fit into the sequence, it was selected. If it did not fit into the sequence it was not ...
... occur randomly. What represented the process of mutation in this model? Defend your answer. A random process (the shuffling) determined the card that appeared on the top of the deck after each shuffle. If the card fit into the sequence, it was selected. If it did not fit into the sequence it was not ...
Cumulative selection 49.00KB 2007-06
... occur randomly. What represented the process of mutation in this model? Defend your answer. A random process (the shuffling) determined the card that appeared on the top of the deck after each shuffle. If the card fit into the sequence, it was selected. If it did not fit into the sequence it was not ...
... occur randomly. What represented the process of mutation in this model? Defend your answer. A random process (the shuffling) determined the card that appeared on the top of the deck after each shuffle. If the card fit into the sequence, it was selected. If it did not fit into the sequence it was not ...
Chapter16_Section02_jkedit
... For example, a lizard population is normally brown, but has mutations that produce red and black forms. Red lizards are more visible to predators, so they will be less likely to survive and reproduce. Therefore, the allele for red color will become rare. ...
... For example, a lizard population is normally brown, but has mutations that produce red and black forms. Red lizards are more visible to predators, so they will be less likely to survive and reproduce. Therefore, the allele for red color will become rare. ...
Biology EOC Review Pack
... 22) What is alcoholic fermentation? What are the products? 23) What type of fermentation might be used in your own muscle cells when they do not get enough oxygen? What might this cause? 24) What type of fermentation does yeast use? What might it produce? 25) What is the formula for cellular respira ...
... 22) What is alcoholic fermentation? What are the products? 23) What type of fermentation might be used in your own muscle cells when they do not get enough oxygen? What might this cause? 24) What type of fermentation does yeast use? What might it produce? 25) What is the formula for cellular respira ...
6.6 Meiosis and Genetic Variation List the differences between
... • Chromosomes contain many genes. – The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the more likely they are to be separated by crossing over. – Genes located close together on a chromosome tend to be inherited together, which is called genetic linkage. • Genetic linkage allows the distance ...
... • Chromosomes contain many genes. – The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the more likely they are to be separated by crossing over. – Genes located close together on a chromosome tend to be inherited together, which is called genetic linkage. • Genetic linkage allows the distance ...
Evolution: Exhibition Notes 2
... back to the origin of life. Scientists can obtain DNA from many living and even some once living things. DNA can be used as a tool to study evolution. By comparing the DNA of different species we can see how closely related they are and sometimes trace the pathway through which they evolved. The mor ...
... back to the origin of life. Scientists can obtain DNA from many living and even some once living things. DNA can be used as a tool to study evolution. By comparing the DNA of different species we can see how closely related they are and sometimes trace the pathway through which they evolved. The mor ...
Project Proposal: Genetic Code Reassignments
... reassignments. After the elucidation of the genetic code, it was proposed as universal, a common genetic language to all organisms and the fundamental importance of its function suggests that, the code was non-evolvable and even frozen. In this era, genome and protein sequencing/analysis have helped ...
... reassignments. After the elucidation of the genetic code, it was proposed as universal, a common genetic language to all organisms and the fundamental importance of its function suggests that, the code was non-evolvable and even frozen. In this era, genome and protein sequencing/analysis have helped ...
PDF here - GEC-KO
... disturbances, difficulty walking, and fatigue . First symptoms typically present between age 20 and 40 years but can appear at any age. MS affects women 2-3 times more often than men. The most common course of disease is marked by relapse ...
... disturbances, difficulty walking, and fatigue . First symptoms typically present between age 20 and 40 years but can appear at any age. MS affects women 2-3 times more often than men. The most common course of disease is marked by relapse ...
Computationally Focusing the Directed Evolution of Proteins
... interactions between amino acids, where two residues are considered interacting, or coupled, when the sum of individual effects from mutations at each residue is not equal to the combined effect of both mutations together [Kauffman and Levin, 1987; Matsuura et al., 1998; Juncovic and Poteete, 1999]. ...
... interactions between amino acids, where two residues are considered interacting, or coupled, when the sum of individual effects from mutations at each residue is not equal to the combined effect of both mutations together [Kauffman and Levin, 1987; Matsuura et al., 1998; Juncovic and Poteete, 1999]. ...
Inheritance and Adaptations
... Hungarian zoo had been raised since her birth alone in a tank. In 2008, her keepers noticed that a baby shark was lying at the bottom of the tank. DNA testing has not yet been done, but the keepers are sure that the female has never been in contact with another shark. Because of the chromosome arran ...
... Hungarian zoo had been raised since her birth alone in a tank. In 2008, her keepers noticed that a baby shark was lying at the bottom of the tank. DNA testing has not yet been done, but the keepers are sure that the female has never been in contact with another shark. Because of the chromosome arran ...
Population Genetics and Evolution
... • H-W equilibrium is unattainable in natural populations • Natural selection, non-random mating, migration, non-infinite population size, mutation, etc. • We therefore expect H-W values to be at least slightly different from expected values • Statistical tests such as the Χ2 test can be used to dete ...
... • H-W equilibrium is unattainable in natural populations • Natural selection, non-random mating, migration, non-infinite population size, mutation, etc. • We therefore expect H-W values to be at least slightly different from expected values • Statistical tests such as the Χ2 test can be used to dete ...
Why Sex? - Lab Times
... from sex. And it’s not a prehistoric issue – need not necessarily be immediately seen out that asexually reproducing snails do these lakes are less than 6,000 years old – in the next generation. “For a long time, we not produce males, hence their reproducmeaning that all the asexual clones have thou ...
... from sex. And it’s not a prehistoric issue – need not necessarily be immediately seen out that asexually reproducing snails do these lakes are less than 6,000 years old – in the next generation. “For a long time, we not produce males, hence their reproducmeaning that all the asexual clones have thou ...
the Caryophyllales Carnivores - International Carnivorous Plant
... salt. Those glands could have been co-opted into secreting mucilage with enzymes. The glands of importance to compare across the Caryophyllales carnivores are the sessile digestive glands. The trapping tentacles of Triphyophyllum and Drosophyllum are a later development as are the multipurpose tenta ...
... salt. Those glands could have been co-opted into secreting mucilage with enzymes. The glands of importance to compare across the Caryophyllales carnivores are the sessile digestive glands. The trapping tentacles of Triphyophyllum and Drosophyllum are a later development as are the multipurpose tenta ...
Scientific Farm Animal Production: Chapter 14 Mating Systems Key
... 7. Linebreeding: Mild form of inbreeding where inbreeding is kept relatively low while maintaining a high genetic relationship to an ancestor or line of ancestors 8. Species Cross: Crossing of animals of different species (e.g. horse to donkey or cattle to bison) 9. Crossbreeding: Mating of animals ...
... 7. Linebreeding: Mild form of inbreeding where inbreeding is kept relatively low while maintaining a high genetic relationship to an ancestor or line of ancestors 8. Species Cross: Crossing of animals of different species (e.g. horse to donkey or cattle to bison) 9. Crossbreeding: Mating of animals ...
The Protozoans
... The foraminiferans, representing another class of sarcodines, are an ancient and important group of marine sarcodines, which form tests of calcium carbonate or other materials. The shells of foraminiferans accumulate on the sea bottom and contribute to the formation of chalk and limestone. England’s ...
... The foraminiferans, representing another class of sarcodines, are an ancient and important group of marine sarcodines, which form tests of calcium carbonate or other materials. The shells of foraminiferans accumulate on the sea bottom and contribute to the formation of chalk and limestone. England’s ...
genetics case study - microcephaly
... Intellectual disability, which is typically mild to moderate and does not worsen with age. Most affected individuals have delayed speech and language skills. Motor skills, such as sitting, standing, and walking, may also be mildly delayed. Few or no other features associated with the condition. Some ...
... Intellectual disability, which is typically mild to moderate and does not worsen with age. Most affected individuals have delayed speech and language skills. Motor skills, such as sitting, standing, and walking, may also be mildly delayed. Few or no other features associated with the condition. Some ...
13.3 Mutations File
... affect zero, one or many amino acids Insertion or deletion: a base is either inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence This results in a frameshift mutation: the entire reading frame following that point is thrown off This is much more severe than a substitution, because many amino acids will be alt ...
... affect zero, one or many amino acids Insertion or deletion: a base is either inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence This results in a frameshift mutation: the entire reading frame following that point is thrown off This is much more severe than a substitution, because many amino acids will be alt ...
1 CSC 314, Bioinformatics Lab #1: OMIN and Genetics Name
... In Parts I-III of this lab, you will use the OMIM database along with your knowledge of genetics to answer questions about several genetic diseases. We will look at ID# 306700 as an example. In Part IV, you will apply your knowledge of genetics to answer questions about several genetic crosses. Part ...
... In Parts I-III of this lab, you will use the OMIM database along with your knowledge of genetics to answer questions about several genetic diseases. We will look at ID# 306700 as an example. In Part IV, you will apply your knowledge of genetics to answer questions about several genetic crosses. Part ...
Heredity - Net Start Class
... Students have previously been introduced to the basic concepts of heredity by examining and being aware of observable traits, such as eye color in humans or shapes of leaves in plants. Such shared characteristics are different from learned behaviors, such as table manners or learning a language. Stu ...
... Students have previously been introduced to the basic concepts of heredity by examining and being aware of observable traits, such as eye color in humans or shapes of leaves in plants. Such shared characteristics are different from learned behaviors, such as table manners or learning a language. Stu ...
Chapter 13 How Populations Evolve
... mechanism of evolution Darwin reasoned that – organisms with traits that increase their chance of surviving and reproducing in their environment tend to leave more offspring than others and – this unequal reproduction will lead to the accumulation of favorable traits in a population over generatio ...
... mechanism of evolution Darwin reasoned that – organisms with traits that increase their chance of surviving and reproducing in their environment tend to leave more offspring than others and – this unequal reproduction will lead to the accumulation of favorable traits in a population over generatio ...
Lecture #3 MICROBIAL GROWTH Restricted (due to exhaustion of
... Mutation provides the variation necessary for evolution. Mutation in germ cells (which give rise to gametes) are called germinal (vs. somatic). They could happen at any stage of gametogenesis, affecting all or just one of the resulting offspring. Mutation in a somatic cell will be transmitted only t ...
... Mutation provides the variation necessary for evolution. Mutation in germ cells (which give rise to gametes) are called germinal (vs. somatic). They could happen at any stage of gametogenesis, affecting all or just one of the resulting offspring. Mutation in a somatic cell will be transmitted only t ...
Koinophilia
Koinophilia is an evolutionary hypothesis concerning sexual selection which proposes that animals seeking mate preferentially choose individuals with a minimum of unusual features. Koinophilia intends to explain the clustering of organisms into species and other issues described by Darwin's Dilemma. The term derives from the Greek, koinos, ""the usual"", and philos, ""fondness"".Natural selection causes beneficial inherited features to become more common and eventually replace their disadvantageous counterparts. A sexually-reproducing animal would be expected to avoid individuals with unusual features, and to prefer to mate with individuals displaying a predominance of common or average features. This means that mates displaying mutant features are also avoided. This is advantageous because most mutations that manifest themselves as changes in appearance, functionality or behavior, are disadvantageous. Because it is impossible to judge whether a new mutation is beneficial or not, koinophilic animals avoid them all, at the cost of avoiding the occasional beneficial mutation. Thus, koinophilia, although not infallible in its ability to distinguish fit from unfit mates, is a good strategy when choosing a mate. A koinophilic choice ensures that offspring are likely to inherit features that have been successful in the past.Koinophilia differs from assortative mating, where ""like prefers like"". If like preferred like, leucistic animals (such as white peacocks) would be sexually attracted to one another, and a leucistic subspecies would come into being. Koinophilia predicts that this is unlikely because leucistic animals are attracted to the average in the same way as other animals. Since non-leucistic animals are not attracted by leucism, few leucistic individuals find mates, and leucistic lineages will rarely form.Koinophilia provides simple explanations for the rarity of speciation (in particular Darwin's Dilemma), evolutionary stasis, punctuated equilibria, and the evolution of cooperation. Koinophilia might also contribute to the maintenance of sexual reproduction, preventing its reversion to the much simpler and inherently more advantageous asexual form of reproduction.The koinophilia hypothesis is supported by research into the physical attractiveness of human faces by Judith Langlois and her co-workers. They found that the average of two human faces was more attractive than either of the faces from which that average was derived. The more faces (of the same gender and age) that were used in the averaging process the more attractive and appealing the average face became. This work into averageness supports koinophilia as an explanation of what constitutes a beautiful face, and how the individuality of a face is recognized.