bulletin of marine science
... trained, continental-oriented geologists have been somewhat slower to rethink their tremendously greater amount of detailed data into a form which could be integrated within the new suggested framework. In their defense one might mention that, at least in the initial stages of what has been termed t ...
... trained, continental-oriented geologists have been somewhat slower to rethink their tremendously greater amount of detailed data into a form which could be integrated within the new suggested framework. In their defense one might mention that, at least in the initial stages of what has been termed t ...
Crustal flow pattern beneath the Tibetan Plateau constrained by
... There are strong QLg variations between different geology formations as well as within each unit. We investigated the Lg attenuation in different geological formations by calculating their average values (Zhao et al., 2010, 2013). The geographically averaged QLg values versus frequency in selected t ...
... There are strong QLg variations between different geology formations as well as within each unit. We investigated the Lg attenuation in different geological formations by calculating their average values (Zhao et al., 2010, 2013). The geographically averaged QLg values versus frequency in selected t ...
Asthenospheric flow and origin of volcanism in the Baikal Rift area
... The origin of low-volume, hotspot-like volcanism often observed in continental rift areas is debated, as is the nature of the flow in the mantle beneath. In this paper we assemble seismic constraints on the mantle flow below the Baikal Rift Zone. We combine new evidence from upper-mantle tomography ...
... The origin of low-volume, hotspot-like volcanism often observed in continental rift areas is debated, as is the nature of the flow in the mantle beneath. In this paper we assemble seismic constraints on the mantle flow below the Baikal Rift Zone. We combine new evidence from upper-mantle tomography ...
Driving the upper plate surface deformation by slab
... that the ultimate goal of our numerical experiments is to investigate the effects of slab tearing on the mantle and surface strain, but the potential causes of a tear in the slab are beyond the scope of this work. As such, we impose mechanical weaknesses in the oceanic plate and spatial variations o ...
... that the ultimate goal of our numerical experiments is to investigate the effects of slab tearing on the mantle and surface strain, but the potential causes of a tear in the slab are beyond the scope of this work. As such, we impose mechanical weaknesses in the oceanic plate and spatial variations o ...
PHYSICAL GEOLOGY LABORATORY MANUAL
... The objective of this lab is to learn about United States Geological Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangle maps and how they are used. Topographic maps are used by a variety of different people (e.g. engineers, planners, soldiers, geologists, and hikers) who need accurate and detailed information abo ...
... The objective of this lab is to learn about United States Geological Survey (USGS) topographic quadrangle maps and how they are used. Topographic maps are used by a variety of different people (e.g. engineers, planners, soldiers, geologists, and hikers) who need accurate and detailed information abo ...
Precambrian meta-ultramafic rocks from the
... Meta-ultramafic rocks occur as small (2 to 100 m long), podiform bodies in all three major Precambrian rock suites of the Tobacco Root Mountains of southwest Montana. Most samples consist of a randomly oriented, coarse-grained assemblage of orthopyroxene, olivine, and magnesiohornblende ± spinel, pa ...
... Meta-ultramafic rocks occur as small (2 to 100 m long), podiform bodies in all three major Precambrian rock suites of the Tobacco Root Mountains of southwest Montana. Most samples consist of a randomly oriented, coarse-grained assemblage of orthopyroxene, olivine, and magnesiohornblende ± spinel, pa ...
IMPOSTER UNCONFORMITY - The University of Tennessee at
... (Abridged from Churnet, H., 2004. Imposter Unconformity: Part of the Missing an Incomplete Record in Rocks, Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference, CD ISSN#1544-3361, p. 44-53.) An imposter unconformity represents a missing record, which is much shorter in duration than the gap in age es ...
... (Abridged from Churnet, H., 2004. Imposter Unconformity: Part of the Missing an Incomplete Record in Rocks, Proceedings of the Hawaii International Conference, CD ISSN#1544-3361, p. 44-53.) An imposter unconformity represents a missing record, which is much shorter in duration than the gap in age es ...
PDF
... with the Ontong Java Plateau is the best example of this mode. Spontaneous nucleation (SNSZ) results from gravitational instability of oceanic lithosphere and is required to begin the modern regime of plate tectonics. Lithospheric collapse initiates SNSZ, either at a passive margin or at a transform ...
... with the Ontong Java Plateau is the best example of this mode. Spontaneous nucleation (SNSZ) results from gravitational instability of oceanic lithosphere and is required to begin the modern regime of plate tectonics. Lithospheric collapse initiates SNSZ, either at a passive margin or at a transform ...
Mantle plumes and dynamics of the Earth interior — towards a new
... been of increasing concern of geologists and geophysicists over the last years, partly because modern seismic methods have been developed: reflection seismic surveys and tomographic experiments. The former method, applied at prolonged recording time, enables obtaining reliable images of tectonic str ...
... been of increasing concern of geologists and geophysicists over the last years, partly because modern seismic methods have been developed: reflection seismic surveys and tomographic experiments. The former method, applied at prolonged recording time, enables obtaining reliable images of tectonic str ...
precambrian geology of the truchas peaks region, north
... (fig. 1). Stratigraphic and sedimentary features of the rocks have been preserved through folding and middle amphibolitefacies metamorphism. Lithologies are broadly correlative to those in the nearby Picuris Range, 30 km northwest of Truchas Peak, as noted by Montgomery (Miller and others, 1963), bu ...
... (fig. 1). Stratigraphic and sedimentary features of the rocks have been preserved through folding and middle amphibolitefacies metamorphism. Lithologies are broadly correlative to those in the nearby Picuris Range, 30 km northwest of Truchas Peak, as noted by Montgomery (Miller and others, 1963), bu ...
Earth & Space Science An open source text edited by MPS teachers
... This book is adapted primarily from the excellent materials created by the CK-12 Foundation – http://ck12.org/ – which are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike license. We express our gratitude to the CK-12 Foundation for their pioneering work on secondary scienc ...
... This book is adapted primarily from the excellent materials created by the CK-12 Foundation – http://ck12.org/ – which are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial ShareAlike license. We express our gratitude to the CK-12 Foundation for their pioneering work on secondary scienc ...
From mud to granite: The Cooma metamorphic sequence
... The texture and mineralogy of the rocks provides a relative scheme to distinguish between low-grade and high-grade metamorphic rocks, but they can’t be used to reconstruct the exact conditions of formation. To solve this problem, researchers conducted many laboratory experiments in which mud rocks w ...
... The texture and mineralogy of the rocks provides a relative scheme to distinguish between low-grade and high-grade metamorphic rocks, but they can’t be used to reconstruct the exact conditions of formation. To solve this problem, researchers conducted many laboratory experiments in which mud rocks w ...
Beinn an Dubhaich
... The form of the Beinn an Dubhaich granite has been the subject of much controversy. Harker (1904) mapped numerous vertical contacts between the granite and limestones and concluded that the intrusion is boss shaped. Broadly similar conclusions were reached byStewart (1965), Raybould (1973) and Bell ...
... The form of the Beinn an Dubhaich granite has been the subject of much controversy. Harker (1904) mapped numerous vertical contacts between the granite and limestones and concluded that the intrusion is boss shaped. Broadly similar conclusions were reached byStewart (1965), Raybould (1973) and Bell ...
Earthquakes
... In trying to predict earthquakes, geologists have developed instruments to measure changes in elevation, tilting of the land surface, and ground movements along faults. ...
... In trying to predict earthquakes, geologists have developed instruments to measure changes in elevation, tilting of the land surface, and ground movements along faults. ...
Table of Contents for Rocky Mountain Geology (Contributions to
... Aspects of the geologic history of Wyoming related to the formation of uranium deposits Ground water as related to the origin and search for uranium deposits in sandstone Uranium deposits in the Lower Cretaceous of the Black Hills Uranium deposits of the Gas Hills Uranium deposits in the Great Divid ...
... Aspects of the geologic history of Wyoming related to the formation of uranium deposits Ground water as related to the origin and search for uranium deposits in sandstone Uranium deposits in the Lower Cretaceous of the Black Hills Uranium deposits of the Gas Hills Uranium deposits in the Great Divid ...
A2 Course Study Guide
... Silica-rich magmas contain more silicate tetrahedra, and so are more highly polymerized and therefore more viscous than silica-poor magmas (basaltic). To reduce the viscosity of a silicate melt, the silicon-oxygen bonds must be broken. One way of doing this is to add water, which, by forming OH- io ...
... Silica-rich magmas contain more silicate tetrahedra, and so are more highly polymerized and therefore more viscous than silica-poor magmas (basaltic). To reduce the viscosity of a silicate melt, the silicon-oxygen bonds must be broken. One way of doing this is to add water, which, by forming OH- io ...
Geological understanding of plate tectonics
... driving force for plate motion in particular and plate tectonics in general. It is worth to note that over the ~50 year period of the early 20th century, sufficient evidence existed in support of the continental drift hypothesis (Wegener 1912), yet this hypothesis was unaccepted because of lacking d ...
... driving force for plate motion in particular and plate tectonics in general. It is worth to note that over the ~50 year period of the early 20th century, sufficient evidence existed in support of the continental drift hypothesis (Wegener 1912), yet this hypothesis was unaccepted because of lacking d ...
A model for the layered upper mantle
... mogeneous mantle received widespread support with the discovery of plate tectonics, which revealed a highly dynamic nature of the Earth's surface consistent with a vigorously convecting interior. A two-layered mantle is expected to have independent convection regimes in the upper and lower mantle, s ...
... mogeneous mantle received widespread support with the discovery of plate tectonics, which revealed a highly dynamic nature of the Earth's surface consistent with a vigorously convecting interior. A two-layered mantle is expected to have independent convection regimes in the upper and lower mantle, s ...
Dynamic Earth: crustal and mantle heterogeneity
... The dynamic processes within the Earth leave their record in geophysical and geochemical variation about the general stratification with depth. A snapshot of current structure is provided by geophysical evidence, whereas geochemical information provides a perspective over the age of the Earth. The co ...
... The dynamic processes within the Earth leave their record in geophysical and geochemical variation about the general stratification with depth. A snapshot of current structure is provided by geophysical evidence, whereas geochemical information provides a perspective over the age of the Earth. The co ...
The origin and evolution of the Earth`s continental crust
... The continental crust constitutes only 0.40 per cent of the mass of the Earth. Although it might seem so small that it could be ignored to a first approximation, the crust contains over 30 per cent of the bulk Earth budget for several of the most incompatible elements, such as Cs, Rb, K, U, Th and L ...
... The continental crust constitutes only 0.40 per cent of the mass of the Earth. Although it might seem so small that it could be ignored to a first approximation, the crust contains over 30 per cent of the bulk Earth budget for several of the most incompatible elements, such as Cs, Rb, K, U, Th and L ...
geologic map of the pocatello south quadrangle, bannock and
... olive-green or maroon slate with discontinuous lenses of marble at top of member. Marble is thin-bedded to massive, tan to dark gray, typically composed of calcite but locally dolomite, and as much as 30 feet thick. Quartzite is interbedded with interlaminated metasiltstone and fine-grained quartzit ...
... olive-green or maroon slate with discontinuous lenses of marble at top of member. Marble is thin-bedded to massive, tan to dark gray, typically composed of calcite but locally dolomite, and as much as 30 feet thick. Quartzite is interbedded with interlaminated metasiltstone and fine-grained quartzit ...
History of geology
The history of geology is concerned with the development of the natural science of geology. Geology is the scientific study of the origin, history, and structure of the Earth. Throughout the ages geology provides essential theories and data that shape how society conceptualizes the Earth.