GEOL-1403-McMahon
... Technostratigraphic terranes or exotic terranes – geologic terrane that is found in a location that is different from where it was formed. Accreted terrane regions with geologic continuity are named after major geographic features. Example: Wrangellia Terrane- Wrangell Mountains, West Coast of North ...
... Technostratigraphic terranes or exotic terranes – geologic terrane that is found in a location that is different from where it was formed. Accreted terrane regions with geologic continuity are named after major geographic features. Example: Wrangellia Terrane- Wrangell Mountains, West Coast of North ...
On the formation of the arc of the Western Alps and
... continuation of the Piemont-Liguria Ocean of the Alps proper, was closed between Europe-Iberia and the ALKAPECA micro-continent, while the East Ligurian Ocean remained open (Handy et al. 2010). Mantle lithosphere delamination and negative buoyancy of the still open East Ligurian Relic Ocean induced ...
... continuation of the Piemont-Liguria Ocean of the Alps proper, was closed between Europe-Iberia and the ALKAPECA micro-continent, while the East Ligurian Ocean remained open (Handy et al. 2010). Mantle lithosphere delamination and negative buoyancy of the still open East Ligurian Relic Ocean induced ...
The South-east African margin and its marine basins and ridge
... Basin is almost 155 Myr old (Jokat et al, in press). Towards the west, the margin is younger than previously expected. Clear magnetic anomalies off the Explora Escarpment are dated to 140 Ma, i.e. about 40 Myr younger than the oldest onshore magmatism in Antarctica (Jokat et al, in press). In SE Afr ...
... Basin is almost 155 Myr old (Jokat et al, in press). Towards the west, the margin is younger than previously expected. Clear magnetic anomalies off the Explora Escarpment are dated to 140 Ma, i.e. about 40 Myr younger than the oldest onshore magmatism in Antarctica (Jokat et al, in press). In SE Afr ...
The thermochemical structure and evolution of Earth`s mantle
... aggregate near the top, where mid-ocean-ridge melting should sample it. If primitive material exists as a dense basal layer, it must be much denser than subducted crust in order to retain its primitive (e.g. high-3 He) signature. Much progress is expected in the near future. Keywords: mantle convect ...
... aggregate near the top, where mid-ocean-ridge melting should sample it. If primitive material exists as a dense basal layer, it must be much denser than subducted crust in order to retain its primitive (e.g. high-3 He) signature. Much progress is expected in the near future. Keywords: mantle convect ...
Theory of Plate Tectonics
... oceans was discovered. It zigzags between the continents with an average height of 4,500 m. The mountain range was found to be very “seismically active”. • Also in the 1950’s many very deep ocean trenches were ...
... oceans was discovered. It zigzags between the continents with an average height of 4,500 m. The mountain range was found to be very “seismically active”. • Also in the 1950’s many very deep ocean trenches were ...
Quiz 13 on Chapters 13-15 Notes to Landforms, Internal Processes
... next location of these mantle plumes to be ___________. a. east of Hawaii and west of Yellowstone Park b. west of Hawaii and east of Yellowstone Park c. west of Hawaii and west of Yellowstone Park d. east of Hawaii and east of Yellowstone Park e. With ‘hot spots’ all of the options above are very li ...
... next location of these mantle plumes to be ___________. a. east of Hawaii and west of Yellowstone Park b. west of Hawaii and east of Yellowstone Park c. west of Hawaii and west of Yellowstone Park d. east of Hawaii and east of Yellowstone Park e. With ‘hot spots’ all of the options above are very li ...
oceanic crust
... molten • Gravity pulled most of the heavy metals such as iron and nickel towards the hot center • At the same time, lighter elements such as aluminum and silicon rose towards the surface, cooling into a thin crust ...
... molten • Gravity pulled most of the heavy metals such as iron and nickel towards the hot center • At the same time, lighter elements such as aluminum and silicon rose towards the surface, cooling into a thin crust ...
An Entirely New 3D-View of the Crustal and Mantle Structure of a
... The upper brittle continental crust tends to be a seismically poorly reflective layer, practically a blind zone (Figure 2). The top of the crystalline basement is rarely a significant reflection. Most of the times, it was tentatively interpreted at the basal termination of the reflective and stratif ...
... The upper brittle continental crust tends to be a seismically poorly reflective layer, practically a blind zone (Figure 2). The top of the crystalline basement is rarely a significant reflection. Most of the times, it was tentatively interpreted at the basal termination of the reflective and stratif ...
Transition from continental break
... jumping of deformation front into undeformed regions during progressive extension. This indicates that, for the assumed boundary conditions, a homogeneous lower crust inhibits strain localization but promotes an unstable extension process resulting in a distributed deformation zone and wide rifting. ...
... jumping of deformation front into undeformed regions during progressive extension. This indicates that, for the assumed boundary conditions, a homogeneous lower crust inhibits strain localization but promotes an unstable extension process resulting in a distributed deformation zone and wide rifting. ...
Thick-Structured Proterozoic Lithosphere of the Rocky Mountain
... C: Laramie transect across Cheyenne belt. Dashed line same as in A. ...
... C: Laramie transect across Cheyenne belt. Dashed line same as in A. ...
References
... planes [19,25], and not by intergranular flow. The migration may be facilitated because these rocks were probably undergoing deformation at the same time. The fluids are emitted cold or lukewarm, but were generated at temperatures well above 10000C, so they must have given off their heat content to ...
... planes [19,25], and not by intergranular flow. The migration may be facilitated because these rocks were probably undergoing deformation at the same time. The fluids are emitted cold or lukewarm, but were generated at temperatures well above 10000C, so they must have given off their heat content to ...
B. The Mantle
... 2. As the steam cools in the atmosphere, water precipitates into clouds of water vapor. As these clouds cool, they loose their water as rain or other forms of water precipitation upon the surface of the earth. This volcanic out gassing is the source of most of the free water that comprises the ocean ...
... 2. As the steam cools in the atmosphere, water precipitates into clouds of water vapor. As these clouds cool, they loose their water as rain or other forms of water precipitation upon the surface of the earth. This volcanic out gassing is the source of most of the free water that comprises the ocean ...
Lecture 11B / Plate Tectonics
... As a distance learning student, you need to explore and understand the content more independently than in a traditional class. As always, I will help guide you through this learning adventure. Remember, email Dr. Bob if you have any questions about today’s lecture ([email protected]). Le ...
... As a distance learning student, you need to explore and understand the content more independently than in a traditional class. As always, I will help guide you through this learning adventure. Remember, email Dr. Bob if you have any questions about today’s lecture ([email protected]). Le ...
Chapter 2 - College Test bank - get test bank and solution manual
... 3. Why was the concept of seafloor spreading necessary for continental drift to be accepted? How could scientists ignore the overwhelming evidence that the continents could move over the face of the Earth? 4. Demonstrate the relationship between hot spots and surface volcanic chains with a piece of ...
... 3. Why was the concept of seafloor spreading necessary for continental drift to be accepted? How could scientists ignore the overwhelming evidence that the continents could move over the face of the Earth? 4. Demonstrate the relationship between hot spots and surface volcanic chains with a piece of ...
On the shallow origin of hotspots and the westward drift of the
... The ITRF2000 model (e.g., Heflin et al., 2003) is excellent for describing relative plate motions and is also considered an absolute reference frame (relative to the Global Positioning System constellation or the Earth’s center of mass). However, when magmatic sources are included in the kinematic a ...
... The ITRF2000 model (e.g., Heflin et al., 2003) is excellent for describing relative plate motions and is also considered an absolute reference frame (relative to the Global Positioning System constellation or the Earth’s center of mass). However, when magmatic sources are included in the kinematic a ...
Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones
... lower crust with indication for simple shear deformation, where the top of the lower crust of the Siberian craton transforms the extension eastward to beneath the Mongolian plateau (Fig. 4c)14. In contrast, our new results with anomalously high velocity in a lower-crustal zone almost directly below ...
... lower crust with indication for simple shear deformation, where the top of the lower crust of the Siberian craton transforms the extension eastward to beneath the Mongolian plateau (Fig. 4c)14. In contrast, our new results with anomalously high velocity in a lower-crustal zone almost directly below ...
0622932 COVER SHEET FOR PROPOSAL TO THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION NSF 02-011
... My current research interests are focused on understanding mantle dynamic processes through observational geophysics in marine settings. The bulk of my dissertation work to date has been focused on understanding the origin of a series of non-hotspot intraplate volcanic ridge systems in the Pacific O ...
... My current research interests are focused on understanding mantle dynamic processes through observational geophysics in marine settings. The bulk of my dissertation work to date has been focused on understanding the origin of a series of non-hotspot intraplate volcanic ridge systems in the Pacific O ...
ES Chapter 17
... the movements of tectonic plates. • Compare and contrast the processes of ridge push and slab pull. ...
... the movements of tectonic plates. • Compare and contrast the processes of ridge push and slab pull. ...
Mantle plume
A mantle plume is a mechanism proposed in 1971 to explain volcanic regions of the earth that were not thought to be explicable by the then-new theory of plate tectonics. Some such volcanic regions lie far from tectonic plate boundaries, for example, Hawaii. Others represent unusually large-volume volcanism, whether on plate boundaries, e.g. Iceland, or basalt floods such as the Deccan or Siberian traps.A mantle plume is posited to exist where hot rock nucleates at the core-mantle boundary and rises through the Earth's mantle becoming a diapir in the Earth's crust. The currently active volcanic centers are known as ""hot spots"". In particular, the concept that mantle plumes are fixed relative to one another, and anchored at the core-mantle boundary, was thought to provide a natural explanation for the time-progressive chains of older volcanoes seen extending out from some such hot spots, such as the Hawaiian–Emperor seamount chain.The hypothesis of mantle plumes from depth is not universally accepted as explaining all such volcanism. It has required progressive hypothesis-elaboration leading to variant propositions such as mini-plumes and pulsing plumes. Another hypothesis for unusual volcanic regions is the ""Plate model"". This proposes shallower, passive leakage of magma from the mantle onto the Earth's surface where extension of the lithosphere permits it, attributing most volcanism to plate tectonic processes, with volcanoes far from plate boundaries resulting from intraplate extension.