Can `Fair` Prices Be Unfair? A Review of Price
... As mentioned above, one theory suggests that these promises are good because they provide reliable information to consumers (‘reliable signals’) when sellers have different costs, and therefore prices, and it is costly for consumers to obtain information about sellers’ costs and prices. The intuitio ...
... As mentioned above, one theory suggests that these promises are good because they provide reliable information to consumers (‘reliable signals’) when sellers have different costs, and therefore prices, and it is costly for consumers to obtain information about sellers’ costs and prices. The intuitio ...
Expressions Creating Confusion among Elements of Promotion Mix
... 2006. p. 442; Oluç, 1978. p. 180), sales promotion (Hatiboğlu, 1993. p. 131; Tenekecioğlu et al., 2006. p. 213) sales promotion (Altunışık et al., 2001. p. 207, Torlak et al., 2004. p. 241), other sales efforts (Cemalcılar, 1977. p. 417), vendor boosting efforts (Kotler II, 1984. p. 299), Then in th ...
... 2006. p. 442; Oluç, 1978. p. 180), sales promotion (Hatiboğlu, 1993. p. 131; Tenekecioğlu et al., 2006. p. 213) sales promotion (Altunışık et al., 2001. p. 207, Torlak et al., 2004. p. 241), other sales efforts (Cemalcılar, 1977. p. 417), vendor boosting efforts (Kotler II, 1984. p. 299), Then in th ...
Storability, market structure, and demand-shift incentives
... in each period and no dynamics arise. When the good is storable, however, the equilibrium is at A in period 1 and then B in period 2, with prices rising and quantity purchased falling. In period 1, we have a low price and buyers are induced to store the good in the amount x as firms compete aggressiv ...
... in each period and no dynamics arise. When the good is storable, however, the equilibrium is at A in period 1 and then B in period 2, with prices rising and quantity purchased falling. In period 1, we have a low price and buyers are induced to store the good in the amount x as firms compete aggressiv ...
Guaranteeing High Prices by Guaranteeing the Lowest Price
... In the field of economics there has been a large amount of literature condemning low price guarantees as anti-competitive, because low price guarantees prevent prices from falling to competitive levels creating a dead weight loss to society and wealth transfers from consumers to producers.18 In addi ...
... In the field of economics there has been a large amount of literature condemning low price guarantees as anti-competitive, because low price guarantees prevent prices from falling to competitive levels creating a dead weight loss to society and wealth transfers from consumers to producers.18 In addi ...
Competing Mechanisms with Multi
... which consumers demand multiple units. Specifically, consider a market with a finite number of firms with fixed capacity. There is a continuum of consumers, each of whom demands multiple units and can only visit one firm during the market period.1 There is no aggregate uncertainty about demand. In t ...
... which consumers demand multiple units. Specifically, consider a market with a finite number of firms with fixed capacity. There is a continuum of consumers, each of whom demands multiple units and can only visit one firm during the market period.1 There is no aggregate uncertainty about demand. In t ...
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES REFERENCE PRICING OF PHARMACEUTICALS FOR MEDICARE:
... significant increase in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p<0.01). Some of these results might suggest that RP succeeds in its objective of encouraging competition. However, the evidence from Germany is not representative of comprehensive RP systems, because new on-patent p ...
... significant increase in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels (p<0.01). Some of these results might suggest that RP succeeds in its objective of encouraging competition. However, the evidence from Germany is not representative of comprehensive RP systems, because new on-patent p ...
European Simulation Model (ESIM)
... This technical model documentation describes the structure of ESIM as well as base data and parameters used in the current version. A focus is on extensions of the model which were part of the EU project Improving the ESIM Model for Ex-Post and Ex-Ante Market Analysis (depiction of bioenergy, sugar, ...
... This technical model documentation describes the structure of ESIM as well as base data and parameters used in the current version. A focus is on extensions of the model which were part of the EU project Improving the ESIM Model for Ex-Post and Ex-Ante Market Analysis (depiction of bioenergy, sugar, ...
collusive dumping or oligopolistic competition?
... Exporting at a discount: collusive dumping or oligopolistic competition? Bojana Ignjatovic and Simon Baker, RBB Economics In a number of recent investigations by the Competition Commission (CC), the existence within an industry of export sales at margins lower than those achieved on domestic sales h ...
... Exporting at a discount: collusive dumping or oligopolistic competition? Bojana Ignjatovic and Simon Baker, RBB Economics In a number of recent investigations by the Competition Commission (CC), the existence within an industry of export sales at margins lower than those achieved on domestic sales h ...
Oligopoly Shared Monopoly and Antitrust Law
... individual firms attempt to maximize profits in the context of certain specific assumptions about demand and unit costs. For example, the key characteristic of a perfectly competitive industry is the assumption that the demand curve facing each firm is perfectly elastic (horizontal) at the competiti ...
... individual firms attempt to maximize profits in the context of certain specific assumptions about demand and unit costs. For example, the key characteristic of a perfectly competitive industry is the assumption that the demand curve facing each firm is perfectly elastic (horizontal) at the competiti ...
Competitive Bidding Behavior in Uniform-Price
... has been focused in the economic literature on whether suppliers in the California markets have violated competitive norms by bidding resources at prices in excess of marginal costs.2 As a matter of economic theory and sound market design for wholesale electricity bid-based auction markets, there is ...
... has been focused in the economic literature on whether suppliers in the California markets have violated competitive norms by bidding resources at prices in excess of marginal costs.2 As a matter of economic theory and sound market design for wholesale electricity bid-based auction markets, there is ...
DYCOM: A Dynamic Truthful Budget Balanced - EXPLORE-2017
... complex preferences over subsets of commodities (see [8] for many examples within). An elegant and well-studied class of combinatorial one-sided auctions are the sequential posted price auctions in which the agents are presented sequentially with a vector of prices and must choose their preferred bu ...
... complex preferences over subsets of commodities (see [8] for many examples within). An elegant and well-studied class of combinatorial one-sided auctions are the sequential posted price auctions in which the agents are presented sequentially with a vector of prices and must choose their preferred bu ...
Multi-unit auctions with budget
... An auction mechanism solicits a two-parameter bid from each agent. The first parameter is interpreted as that agent’s announced utility per unit and the second parameter is that agent’s announced budget. The mechanism then outputs an allocation and payment for each agent. We consider mechanisms that ...
... An auction mechanism solicits a two-parameter bid from each agent. The first parameter is interpreted as that agent’s announced utility per unit and the second parameter is that agent’s announced budget. The mechanism then outputs an allocation and payment for each agent. We consider mechanisms that ...
The Fixed-Price Auction
... S such that all items from S are still available and xi,s > 0, then bidder i will buy at least one item. Whenever we sell a bundle S to bidder i, we gain a revenue of |S|*p. Clearly, vi(S) > |S|*p = |S| * OPT* / (4m). In the worst case, each item jS “belongs” to a different bundle in I. By our assu ...
... S such that all items from S are still available and xi,s > 0, then bidder i will buy at least one item. Whenever we sell a bundle S to bidder i, we gain a revenue of |S|*p. Clearly, vi(S) > |S|*p = |S| * OPT* / (4m). In the worst case, each item jS “belongs” to a different bundle in I. By our assu ...
Contracting, Captive Supplies, and Price Behavior by Ming
... that types are independent. At the beginning of the game, each feeder is assumed to know his type but is given no information about his opponents’ type. The packer has no information about feeder type. In the second period of the process, feeders and the packer make decisions, setting their planned ...
... that types are independent. At the beginning of the game, each feeder is assumed to know his type but is given no information about his opponents’ type. The packer has no information about feeder type. In the second period of the process, feeders and the packer make decisions, setting their planned ...
View/Open
... that types are independent. At the beginning of the game, each feeder is assumed to know his type but is given no information about his opponents’ type. The packer has no information about feeder type. In the second period of the process, feeders and the packer make decisions, setting their planned ...
... that types are independent. At the beginning of the game, each feeder is assumed to know his type but is given no information about his opponents’ type. The packer has no information about feeder type. In the second period of the process, feeders and the packer make decisions, setting their planned ...
19 Oligopoly
... geographical regions in exchange for its not selling—or quoting only very high prices—to buyers in other regions controlled by other members of the conspiracy.; BID RIGGING Sometimes sellers compete for a sale by submitting bids. This is often the case when private firms sell large quantities of goo ...
... geographical regions in exchange for its not selling—or quoting only very high prices—to buyers in other regions controlled by other members of the conspiracy.; BID RIGGING Sometimes sellers compete for a sale by submitting bids. This is often the case when private firms sell large quantities of goo ...
Price Competition in the Market for Lemons
... goods are sold with di¤erent prices if the competition is weak. La¤ont and Maskin (1987) consider duopoly. Cooper and Ross (1982) model free entry. Wolinsky (1983) and Bester (1993) consider search cost. Hartzendorf and Overgaard (2001) model price competition and advertisement signals. Daughety and ...
... goods are sold with di¤erent prices if the competition is weak. La¤ont and Maskin (1987) consider duopoly. Cooper and Ross (1982) model free entry. Wolinsky (1983) and Bester (1993) consider search cost. Hartzendorf and Overgaard (2001) model price competition and advertisement signals. Daughety and ...
Title Market power and trading strategies on the electricity market: A
... of competition. Although the introduction of competition was believed to result in lower electricity prices and more efficient production, many countries now experience electricity market prices higher than expected by economic considerations. The reason for these market inefficiencies is, in common ...
... of competition. Although the introduction of competition was believed to result in lower electricity prices and more efficient production, many countries now experience electricity market prices higher than expected by economic considerations. The reason for these market inefficiencies is, in common ...
EPP Chapter 06 - Danville
... explain how the world around us works and to predict how certain events such as changes in prices might occur. • A change in price is normally the result of a change in supply, a change in demand, or changes in both. • Elasticity of demand is also important when predicting prices. ...
... explain how the world around us works and to predict how certain events such as changes in prices might occur. • A change in price is normally the result of a change in supply, a change in demand, or changes in both. • Elasticity of demand is also important when predicting prices. ...
Game Theory Problem Set 4 Solutions
... not. That is b1’ > bS’ ≥ bi’ for all i>1. Then (b1’, … , bn’) cannot be a Nash Equilibrium, because 1 can profitably deviate to b1’’ = bS’. He will still win the object, and his payoff will increase to v1 – bi’’ > v1 – bi’. This concludes our proof of 3.a). b) The unique weakly dominant strategy equ ...
... not. That is b1’ > bS’ ≥ bi’ for all i>1. Then (b1’, … , bn’) cannot be a Nash Equilibrium, because 1 can profitably deviate to b1’’ = bS’. He will still win the object, and his payoff will increase to v1 – bi’’ > v1 – bi’. This concludes our proof of 3.a). b) The unique weakly dominant strategy equ ...
Exit Planning for the Professional (and service) Firm
... *Does not practice law on behalf of Principal Financial Group For CLE ONLY. Not for use in sales situations ...
... *Does not practice law on behalf of Principal Financial Group For CLE ONLY. Not for use in sales situations ...
cost-plus transfer pricing - Higher Ed - McGraw
... Using the intermediate market price as the transfer price, the transfer price is set at $50. At these market prices, does Padre Papers (as a firm) want to sell paper? The company receives $120 for every unit sold. The total variable cost is $50 (= $20 Wood cost + $30 Paper cost). The firm wants to m ...
... Using the intermediate market price as the transfer price, the transfer price is set at $50. At these market prices, does Padre Papers (as a firm) want to sell paper? The company receives $120 for every unit sold. The total variable cost is $50 (= $20 Wood cost + $30 Paper cost). The firm wants to m ...
EU CAM Network Code and CMP Guideline Proposal Update
... ENTSOG will take away high level proposals from stakeholders and at the next SJSW on these topics come back with a solid proposal, encompassing the key points from the discussion The next SJWS is going to be on Wednesday 15th February in Brussels The topics covered will be Market Integration, ...
... ENTSOG will take away high level proposals from stakeholders and at the next SJSW on these topics come back with a solid proposal, encompassing the key points from the discussion The next SJWS is going to be on Wednesday 15th February in Brussels The topics covered will be Market Integration, ...
Taussig Winner - Georgia College
... Touches have a relatively high value making the effects of each variable easier to see. Buyers also pay more attention to a seller’s feedback when the price is high because they have more to lose from a fraudulent seller. Finally, the retail prices of iPod Touches are stable. If the item’s retail pr ...
... Touches have a relatively high value making the effects of each variable easier to see. Buyers also pay more attention to a seller’s feedback when the price is high because they have more to lose from a fraudulent seller. Finally, the retail prices of iPod Touches are stable. If the item’s retail pr ...
Art auction
An art auction or fine art auction is the sale of art works, in most cases in an auction house.In England this dates from the latter part of the 17th century, when in most cases the names of the auctioneers were suppressed. In June 1693, John Evelyn mentions a ""great auction of pictures (Lord Melfort's) in the Banqueting House, Whitehall"", and the practice is frequently referred to by other contemporary and later writers.Normally, an auction catalog, that lists the art works to be sold, is written and made available well before the auction date.Some of the best known auction houses are Christie's and Sotheby's. The oldest auction house is Stockholm Auction House (Stockholms Auktionsverk). It was established in Sweden in 1674.